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Jun 26, 2011
06/11
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NON
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An ion-exchange hollow fiber is prepared by introducing into the wall of the fiber polymerizable liquid monomers, and polymerizing the monomers therein to form solid, insoluble, cross-linked, ion-exchange resin particles which embed in the wall of the fiber. Excess particles blocking the central passage or bore of the fiber are removed by forcing liquid through the fiber. The fibers have high ion-exchange capacity, a practical wall permeability and good mechanical strength even with very thin...
Topics: PACKAGING, FILMS, FOOD PROCESSING, COATINGS, LONG DURATION SPACE FLIGHT, PERMEATING
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May 31, 2011
05/11
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Turner, Kagan; Agogino, Adrian K.; Wolpert, David H
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In this paper we focus on the problem of designing a collective of autonomous agents that individually learn sequences of actions such that the resultant sequence of joint actions achieves a predetermined global objective. We are particularly interested in instances of this problem where centralized control is either impossible or impractical. For single agent systems in similar domains, machine learning methods (e.g., reinforcement learners) have been successfully used. However, applying such...
Topics: BONE DEMINERALIZATION, MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM, LONG DURATION SPACE FLIGHT, BONES, COMPUTER...
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280
Jun 26, 2011
06/11
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Lauer, Mathias; Jauregui, Libe; Kielbassa, Sabin
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Mars Express (MEX), Rosetta and Venus Express (VEX) are ESA interplanetary spacecrafts (S/C) launched in June 2003, March 2004 and November 2005, respectively. Mars Express was injected into Mars orbit end of 2003 with routine operations starting in spring 2004. Rosetta is since launch on its way to rendezvous comet Churyumov-Gerasimenko in 2014. It has completed several test and commissioning activities and is performing several planetary swingbys (Earth in spring 2005, Mars in spring 2007,...
Topics: EDUCATION, LONG DURATION SPACE FLIGHT, PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECTS, SPACE PSYCHOLOGY, SPACE FLIGHT...
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98
Jul 25, 2010
07/10
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Tuck, A. F
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The dynamical evolution of the vortex at least up to 50 mb is dominated by synoptic scales in the troposphere. In particular, there is a clear response when poleward extension of tropospheric anticyclones from latitudes of 40 and 50 S to 70 and 80 S occurs. This response is evident in isentropic potential vorticity maps, TOMS ozone fields and SAM II polar stratospheric clouds. An important feature of the high latitude Southern Hemisphere lower stratosphere is a transition at potential...
Topics: COSMONAUTS, INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION, MIR SPACE STATION, U.S.S.R. SPACE PROGRAM, LONG DURATION...
430
430
Jun 13, 2011
06/11
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O'Bryan, Martha V.; Oldham, Timothy R., et al; LaBel, Kenneth A.; Ladbury, Ray L.; Howard, James W., Jr.; Kniffin, Scott D.; Forney, James D.; Irwin, Tim; Kim, H.; Buchner, Stephen P.
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Vulnerability of a variety of candidate spacecraft electronics to proton and heavy ion induced single event effects is studied. Devices tested include digital, linear bipolar, and hybrid devices.
Topics: ROBOTICS, SYSTEMS ENGINEERING, MANNED SPACE FLIGHT, SPACE EXPLORATION, LONG DURATION SPACE FLIGHT,...
No abstract available
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), ASTRONAUTS, FIBRILLATION, ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY, AEROSPACE...
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Mar 4, 2009
03/09
by
NASA LaRC Office of Education
movies
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NASA Connect Segment explaing how astronauts exercise in space and how they endure long-duration space flights. The video also explores ways of measuring levels of fitness.
Topics: NASA Connect, Microgravity, Space, Weight Training, Long-Duration Space Flight, Astronauts,...
Source: http://nasa.ibiblio.org/details.php?videoid=6011&start=0&subject=Science
The most distressing types of heart malfunction occur because of an abnormal rhythm of the heart. Cardiac arrythmias can be caused by abnormal rhythmicity of the pacemaker, electrolyte disturbances, blockage of the transmission of the electric impulse through the heart, and other abnormalities. There is strong evidence that space flight is associated with decreased cardiac electrical stability that may pose a life threatening risk to astronauts. For example, during the Skylab missions, a...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), ARRHYTHMIA, ASTRONAUTS, PREDICTIONS, COMPUTER PROGRAMS,...
This slide presentation reviews the projects which the author engaged in during an internship at Johnson Space Center. Project 1 was involved with Stochastic Resonance (SR). Stochastic resonance is a phenomenon in which the response of a non-linear system to a weak input signal is optimized by the presence of a particular non-zero level of noise. The goal of this project was to develop a countermeasure for sensorimotor disturbances that are experienced after long duration space flight. The...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), COUNTERMEASURES, BALANCE, BALANCING, STABILIZATION, LONG...
This viewgraph presentation describes a comparative packaging study for use on long duration space missions. The topics include: 1) Purpose; 2) Deliverables; 3) Food Sample Selection; 4) Experimental Design Matrix; 5) Permeation Rate Comparison; and 6) Packaging Material Information.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), PACKAGING, FILMS, FOOD PROCESSING, COATINGS, LONG DURATION...
No informed consents or scans were performed in this period. There are no current problems with the spaceflight component of the project, which is working very smoothly. The data are of excellent quality, the subjects are enrolling and are being scheduled without difficulty. We expect to have one baseline visit in the next monthly reporting period.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), BONE DEMINERALIZATION, MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM, LONG DURATION...
It was three-two-one to brilliant fire as NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center tested a small solid rocket motor designed to mimic NASA's Space Launch System booster. The Mar. 14 test provides a quick, affordable and effective way to evaluate a new nozzle insulation material for the SLS solid rocket booster. (NASA/MSFC)
Topics: Marshall Space Flight Center, Space Launch System, solid rocket booster, long duration space...
Source: http://youtu.be/jGp0f2KSAU8
Dragonfly - NASA and the Crisis Aboard MIR (New York: HarperCollins Publishers), the story of the Russian-American misadventures on MIR. An expose with almost embarrassing detail about the inner-workings of Johnson Space Center in Houston, this book is best read with the JSC organization chart in hand. Here's the real world of engineering and life in extreme environments. It makes most other accounts of "requirements analysis" appear glib and simplistic. The book vividly portrays the...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), HUMAN RELATIONS, ASTRONAUTS, LONG DURATION SPACE FLIGHT,...
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274
Jun 13, 2011
06/11
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Oza, Nikunj C
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Ensemble Data Mining Methods, also known as Committee Methods or Model Combiners, are machine learning methods that leverage the power of multiple models to achieve better prediction accuracy than any of the individual models could on their own. The basic goal when designing an ensemble is the same as when establishing a committee of people: each member of the committee should be as competent as possible, but the members should be complementary to one another. If the members are not...
Topics: BONE DEMINERALIZATION, WEIGHTLESSNESS, PUBLIC HEALTH, LONG DURATION SPACE FLIGHT, AEROSPACE...
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126
Jun 26, 2011
06/11
by
Perchonok, Michele; Lai, Oiki Sylvi
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The objective of this research is to determine the effects of thermal processing, freeze drying, irradiation, and storage time on the nutritional content of food, to evaluate the nutritional content of the food items currently used on the International Space Station and Shuttle, and to establish the need to institute countermeasures. (This study does not seek to address the effect of processing on nutrients in detail, but rather aims to place in context the overall nutritional status at the...
Topics: BED REST, MENTAL PERFORMANCE, LONG DURATION SPACE FLIGHT, HEAD DOWN TILT, ASTRONAUT PERFORMANCE,...
NASA Aerospace Medicine overview - Aerospace Medicine is that specialty area of medicine concerned with the determination and maintenance of the health, safety, and performance of those who fly in the air or in space.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), AEROSPACE MEDICINE, AIRSPACE, HEALTH, LONG DURATION SPACE...
No abstract available
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), AEROSPACE MEDICINE, SPINAL CORD INJURIES, BIODYNAMICS,...
This study was conducted to analyze the characteristics of motor unit potentiation (MUP) and ground reaction force (GRF) in treadmill exercise at the inclines of 0, 5.5 and 11 percent with conjuctive speeds of 7.5, 6, and 5 mph respectively. These speeds and corresponding inclines were set to provide equivalent physiological workloads at 12.5 METS. EMG recordings were taken from the rectus femoris and gastrocnemius of the right leg from 5 subjects. Simultaneous GRF recordings were obtained from...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), EXERCISE PHYSIOLOGY, LONG DURATION SPACE FLIGHT,...
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252
Jul 23, 2010
07/10
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Bunimovich, A. I
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eye 252
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No Abstract Available
Topics: STELLAR CORONAS, X RAY ASTRONOMY, X RAY ASTROPHYSICS FACILITY, GRAZING INCIDENCE TELESCOPES, HEAO...
This study evaluates High Voltage Power Processing Unit (PPU) technology and driving requirements necessary to enable the Microfluidic Electric Propulsion technology research and development by NASA and university partners. This study provides an overview of the state of the art PPU technology with recommendations for technology demonstration projects and missions for NASA to pursue.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), MINIATURIZATION, HIGH VOLTAGES, ELECTRIC PROPULSION, LONG...
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443
Jul 26, 2010
07/10
by
Pennington, David F
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No Abstract Available
Topics: GEOSYNCHRONOUS ORBITS, LONG DURATION SPACE FLIGHT, MANNED SPACE FLIGHT, SPACE STATIONS, SPACECRAFT...
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Sep 20, 2010
09/10
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Moore, D G; Bolz, L H; Pitts, J W; Harrison, W
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The achievement of more compact and efficient power plants for aircraft is dependent, among other factors, on the perfection of heat-resisting materials that are superior to those in current use. Molybdenum is one of the high-melting metals (melting point, 4750 F). It is fairly abundant and also can be worked into many of the shapes required in modern power plants. To permit its widespread use at elevated temperatures, however, some means must first be found to prevent its rapid oxidation. The...
Topics: ASTRONAUTS, PREVENTION, PROJECT PLANNING, SPACE SHUTTLES, UNITED STATES, DIETS, METABOLISM,...
Though physically possible, interstellar travel will be exceedingly difficult. Both the known laws of physics and the limits of our current understanding of engineering place extreme limits on what may actually be possible. Our remote ancestors looked at the night sky and assumed those tiny points of light were campfires around which other tribes were gathered -- and they dreamed of someday making the trip to visit them. In our modern era, we've grown accustomed to humans regularly traveling...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), INTERSTELLAR TRAVEL, SPACECRAFT PROPULSION, MATTER-ANTIMATTER...
The presentation reviews the Integrated Human Exploration Mission Simulation Facility (INTEGRITY). Topics include capability development; general attributes of human exploration missions beyond low Earth orbit; objectives of INTEGRITY; and other aspects such as education and outreach; public affairs; and international, commercial, and academic partnering.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), LONG DURATION SPACE FLIGHT, SPACE EXPLORATION, SPACE...
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213
May 31, 2011
05/11
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Svizhenko, Alexei; Anantram, M. P.; Govindan, T. R.; Biegel, Brya
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The steady state characteristics of MOSFETS that are of practical Interest are the drive current, off-current, dope of drain current versus drain voltage, and threshold voltage. In this section, we show that quantum mechanical simulations yield significantly different results from drift-diffusion based methods. These differences arise because of the following quantum mechanical features: (I) polysilicon gate depletion in a manner opposite to the classical case (II) dependence of the resonant...
Topics: LONG DURATION SPACE FLIGHT, IN SITU RESOURCE UTILIZATION, MATERIALS RECOVERY, LOW EARTH ORBITS,...
When NASA designs a spacecraft to undertake a new mission, innovation does not stop after the design phase. In many cases, these spacecraft are firsts of their kind, requiring not only remarkable imagination and expertise in their conception but new technologies and methods for their manufacture. In the realm of manufacturing, NASA has from necessity worked on the cutting-edge, seeking new techniques and materials for creating unprecedented structures, as well as capabilities for reducing the...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), ARC WELDING, COATING, FRICTION STIR WELDING, MANUFACTURING,...
Many hardware items are dormant prior to being operated. The dormant period might be especially long, for example during missions to the moon or Mars. In missions with long dormant periods the risk incurred during dormancy can exceed the active risk contribution. Probabilistic Risk Assessments (PRAs) need to account for the dormant risk contribution as well as the active contribution. A typical method for calculating a dormant failure rate is to multiply the active failure rate by a constant,...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), ELECTROMECHANICAL DEVICES, FAILURE, PROBABILITY THEORY, RISK...
This slide presentation reviews the history of long duration spaceflight, and the changes in the International Space Station crew and the effect that this has had on the psychology of astronaut selection and training.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), LONG DURATION SPACE FLIGHT, SPACE PSYCHOLOGY, INTERNATIONAL...
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370
Jul 26, 2010
07/10
by
NON
texts
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Research conducted at the Institute for Computer Applications in Science and Engineering in applied mathematics, numerical analysis, and computer science is summarized.
Topics: AEROSPACE ENVIRONMENTS, SAFETY FACTORS, SPACECREWS, UNIVERSE, AEROSPACE MEDICINE, BIOLOGICAL...
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Jun 26, 2011
06/11
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Johnson-Throop, Kathy A.; Joe, John C.; Follansbee, Nicole M
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This viewgraph presentation gives an overview of the Mission Medical Information System (MMIS). The topics include: 1) What is MMIS; 2) MMIS Goals; 3) Terrestrial Health Information Technology Vision; 4) NASA Health Information Technology Needs; 5) Mission Medical Information System Components; 6) Electronic Medical Record; 7) Longitudinal Study of Astronaut Health (LSAH); 8) Methods; and 9) Data Submission Agreement (example).
Topics: INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION, LEG (ANATOMY), BONE MINERAL CONTENT, LONG DURATION SPACE FLIGHT,...
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461
Jun 26, 2011
06/11
by
NON
texts
eye 461
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This invention relates to the catalytic decomposition of hydrazine, catalysts useful for this decomposition and other reactions, and to reactions in hydrogen atmospheres generally using carbon-containing catalysts.
Topics: INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION, HEALTH, AEROSPACE MEDICINE, MANNED SPACE FLIGHT, SPACE SHUTTLES, LONG...
This report outlines the activities of the National Space Biomedical Research Institute (NSBRI) during FY 2002, the fifth year of the NSBRI's programs.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), BIOMEDICAL DATA, RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, AEROSPACE...
The International Space University (ISU) was founded on the premise that any major space program in the future would require international cooperation as a necessary first step toward its successful completion. ISU is devoted to being a leading center for educating future authorities in the world space industry. ISU's background, goals, current form, and future plans are described. The results and benefits of the type of education and experience gained from ISU include technical reports...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), EDUCATION, INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION, LONG DURATION SPACE...
Phase II objectives: Optimize the Phase I transducer for sensitivity; Test different transmit signals for optimum performance; Demonstrate compatibility with electronics; Confirm additional transducer capabilities over conventional systems by calibrating with other methods.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), SINGLE CRYSTALS, TRANSDUCERS, BONES, HIGH RESOLUTION,...
This viewgraph document is comprised of two presentations about Bone Research at NASA. The first document has slides that show the percent of bone loss from specific bones as demonstrated from research of the Mir cosmonauts, and the required preflight and postflight BMD measurements for long duration flights. The second presentation entitled "Recovery of Spaceflight-induced Bone Loss: Bone Mineral Density after Long-duration Missions as Fitted with an Exponential Function" reviews the...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), BONE DEMINERALIZATION, BONE MINERAL CONTENT, LONG DURATION...
Session TA5 includes short reports concerning: (1) Psychological Issues During Long-Duration International Space Missions; (2) Psychosocial Issues in Crew Selection: Finding the Right Mix of the Right Stuff; (3) Culture, Gender and Mission Accomplishment: Operational Experience; (4) Interpersonal Tension in Multicultural Crews; (5) Personality and Coping in Extreme Environments; and (6) Application of Expedition and Polar Work Group Findings for Enhancing Performance in Space.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), LONG DURATION SPACE FLIGHT, PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECTS, CULTURE...
Personnel working in a confined environment can be exposed to hazardous gases, and certain gases can be extremely dangerous even in concentrations as low as a few parts per billion. Nanosensors can be placed in multiple locations over a large area, thus allowing for more precise and timely detection of gas leaks. ASRC Aerospace and its research partners are developing nanosensors to detect various gases, including hydrogen, ammonia, nitrogen tetroxide, and hydrazine. Initial laboratory testing...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), NANOTECHNOLOGY, DETECTION, CALIBRATING, HAZARDS, GAS...
Recent workshops to define strategic research on critical issues in microgravity fluids and transport phenomena in support of mission orientated needs of NASA and many technical conferences over the years in support of fundamental research targeting NASA's long range missions goal have identified several phase change processes needed to design advanced space and planetary based systems for long duration operations Recommendation noted that phase change processes are profoundly affected by...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), MICROGRAVITY, FLUID DYNAMICS, NASA SPACE PROGRAMS, TRANSPORT...
Human nutritional requirements are summarized, including recommended daily intake and maximum safe chronic intake of nutrients. The biomedical literature on various types of chemically defined diets (CDD's), which are liquid, formulated diets for enteral and total parenteral nutrition, is reviewed. The chemical forms of the nutrients in CDD's are detailed, and the compositions and sources of representative commercial CDD's are tabulated. Reported effects of CDD's in medical patients, healthy...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), CHEMICAL COMPOSITION, DIETS, LONG DURATION SPACE FLIGHT,...
There has been papers about maintenance and psychological training for Long Duration Space Mission (LDSM). There are papers on the technology needed for LDSMs. Few are looking at how groundbased pre-mission training and on-board in-transit training must be melded into one training concept that leverages this technology. Even more importantly, fewer are looking at how we can certify crews pre-mission. This certification must ensure, before the crew launches, that they can handle any problem...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), EDUCATION, LONG DURATION SPACE FLIGHT, PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECTS,...
Linea Research Corporation has developed a neurodiagnostic tool that detects behavioral stress markers for astronauts on long-duration space missions. Lightweight and compact, the device is unobtrusive and requires minimal time and effort for the crew to use. The system provides a real-time functional imaging of cortical activity during normal activities. In Phase I of the project, Linea Research successfully monitored cortical activity using multiparameter sensor modules. Using...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), NEUROPHYSIOLOGY, ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY, EYE MOVEMENTS, HEART...
In planning for the long duration Apollo missions, NASA conducted extensive research into space food. One of the techniques developed was freeze drying. Action Products commercialized this technique, concentrating on snack food including the first freeze-dried ice cream. The foods are cooked, quickly frozen and then slowly heated in a vacuum chamber to remove the ice crystals formed by the freezing process. The final product retains 98 percent of its nutrition and weighs only 20 percent of its...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), FOOD PRODUCTION (IN SPACE), LONG DURATION SPACE FLIGHT,...
NASA was not the first to understand and utilize the benefits of processing materials in a microgravity environment.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), MICROGRAVITY, MATERIALS SCIENCE, GENERAL OVERVIEWS, NASA...
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383
May 31, 2011
05/11
by
Nealson, Kenneth H
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This report provides a record of the proceedings and recommendations of Workshop 3 of the Series, which was held in San Diego, California, March 19-21, 2001. Materials such as the Workshop agenda and participant lists as well as complete citations of all references and a glossary of terms and acronyms appear in the Appendices. Workshop 3 builds on the deliberations and findings of the earlier workshops in the Series, which have been reported separately. During Workshop 3, five individual...
Topics: SIMULATION, LONG DURATION SPACE FLIGHT, CONTAMINATION, CHEMICAL COMPOSITION, ASTRONAUTS, ANATOMY,...
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Jun 26, 2011
06/11
by
NON
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This invention provides a method and apparatus for determining a precise switching sequence for the power switching elements of electric power delivery systems of the on-off switching type and which enables extremely fast transient response, precise regulation and highly stable operation. The control utilizes the values of the power delivery system power handling network components, a desired output characteristic, a system timing parameter, and the externally imposed operating conditions to...
Topics: CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM, ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY, BIOMEDICAL DATA, MICROGRAVITY, HEART FUNCTION, IMAGING...
The ability to understand and counteract weightlessness-induced bone loss will be critical for crew health and safety during and after space station or exploration missions lasting months or years, respectively. Until its deorbit in 2001 , the Mir Space Station provided a valuable platform for long-duration space missions and life sciences research. Long-duration flights are critical for studying bone loss, as the 2- to 3-week Space Shuttle flights are not long enough to detect changes in bone...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), WEIGHTLESSNESS, BONE DEMINERALIZATION, AEROSPACE MEDICINE,...
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236
Jul 21, 2010
07/10
by
NON
texts
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A variable length strut device is illustrated for connecting two associated structures which includes an outer load bearing shell, a drive assembly, a length varying compliance assembly positioned by drive assembly, and a strut rod locking assembly. The load bearing shell includes a connecting part adapted for connection to a first associated structure. A strut connection rod has a connecting part adapted for connection to a second associated structure and a distal end having a piston driver...
Topics: HUMAN FACTORS ENGINEERING, PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS, LONG DURATION SPACE FLIGHT, MANNED SPACE FLIGHT,...
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May 29, 2011
05/11
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Kuhn, Jonathan, L.; Fettig, Rainer K.; Moseley, S. Harvey; Kutyrev, Alexander S.; Orloff, Jo
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Many optical MEMS device designs involve large arrays of thin (0.5 to 1 micron components subjected to high stresses due to cyclic loading. These devices are fabricated from a variety of materials, and the properties strongly depend on size and processing. Our objective is to develop standard and convenient test methods that can be used to measure the properties of large numbers of witness samples, for every device we build. In this work we explore a variety of fracture test configurations for...
Topics: MOTION SICKNESS, ASTRONAUTS, NERVES, TACHYCARDIA, VOMITING, LONG DURATION SPACE FLIGHT, ORTHOSTATIC...
Human space exploration is inherently hazardous, particularly for lon g duration (LD) missions (22 days or longer). Maintenance of cognitive functioning is essential, but flight environments pose numerous pote ntial risks to the brain and cognitive performance (eg, radiation, to xins, chronic stress, sleep deprivation, hypercarbia, fluid shifts, h ormone imbalances, and injury). There have been persistent anecdotal reports of cognitive deficits during missions, but an up?-to-date rev iew of the...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), BRAIN, COGNITION, HUMAN PERFORMANCE, MENTAL PERFORMANCE, LONG...
Recently, attention has been focused on the disorders of bone and calcium metabolism during space flight. The skeletal system has evolved on the Earth under 1-g. Space flights under low gravity appear to cause substantial changes in bone and calcium homeostasis of the animals adapted to 1-g. A space experiment for the First Materials Processing Test (FMPT) was proposed to examine the effects of low gravity on calcium metabolism and bone formation using chick embryos loaded in a space shuttle....
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), BONE DEMINERALIZATION, CALCIUM METABOLISM, MICROGRAVITY,...
