5
5.0
Jun 30, 2018
06/18
by
Steven S. Vogt; R. Paul Butler; Eugenio J. Rivera; Robert Kibrick; Jennifer Burt; Russell Hanson; Stefano Meschiari; Gregory W. Henry; Gregory Laughlin
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eye 5
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We present precision radial velocity (RV) data sets from Keck-HIRES and from Lick Observatory's new Automated Planet Finder Telescope and Levy Spectrometer on Mt. Hamilton that reveal a multiple-planet system orbiting the nearby, slightly evolved, K-type star HD 141399. Our 91 observations over 10.5 years suggest the presence of four planets with orbital periods of 94.35, 202.08, 1070.35, and 3717.35 days and minimum masses of 0.46, 1.36, 1.22, and 0.69 Jupiter masses respectively. The orbital...
Topics: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1404.7462
3
3.0
Jun 30, 2018
06/18
by
Cristobal Petrovich
texts
eye 3
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We study the steady-state orbital distributions of giant planets migrating through the combination of the Kozai-Lidov (KL) mechanism due to a stellar companion and friction due to tides raised on the planet by the host star. We run a large set of Monte Carlo simulations that describe the secular evolution of a star-planet-star triple system including the effects from general relativistic precession, stellar and planetary spin evolution, and tides. Our simulations show that KL migration produces...
Topics: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1405.0280
4
4.0
Jun 30, 2018
06/18
by
Nikku Madhusudhan; Mustafa A. Amin; Grant M. Kennedy
texts
eye 4
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The origin of hot Jupiters -- gas giant exoplanets orbiting very close to their host stars -- is a long-standing puzzle. Planet formation theories suggest that such planets are unlikely to have formed in-situ but instead may have formed at large orbital separations beyond the snow line and migrated inward to their present orbits. Two competing hypotheses suggest that the planets migrated either through interaction with the protoplanetary disk during their formation, or by disk-free mechanisms...
Topics: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1408.3668
4
4.0
Jun 30, 2018
06/18
by
Sebastian M. Stammler; Cornelis P. Dullemond
texts
eye 4
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In recent years many models of chondrule formation have been proposed. One of those models is the processing of dust in shock waves in protoplanetary disks. In this model, the dust and the chondrule precursors are overrun by shock waves, which heat them up by frictional heating and thermal exchange with the gas. In this paper we reanalyze the nebular shock model of chondrule formation and focus on the downstream boundary condition. We show that for large-scale plane-parallel chondrule-melting...
Topics: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1408.4651
5
5.0
Jun 30, 2018
06/18
by
Sijme-Jan Paardekooper
texts
eye 5
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We study torques on migrating low-mass planets in locally isothermal discs. Previous work on low-mass planets generally kept the planet on a fixed orbit, after which the torque on the planet was measured. In addition to these static torques, when the planet is allowed to migrate it experiences dynamical torques, which are proportional to the migration rate and whose sign depends on the background vortensity gradient. We show that in discs a few times more massive than the Minimum Mass Solar...
Topics: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1409.0372
4
4.0
Jun 30, 2018
06/18
by
Nicolas Crouzet; Peter R. McCullough; Drake Deming; Nikku Madhusudhan
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eye 4
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Spectroscopic observations of exoplanets are crucial to infer the composition and properties of their atmospheres. HD 189733b is one of the most extensively studied exoplanets and is a corner stone for hot Jupiter models. In this paper, we report the day-side emission spectrum of HD 189733b in the wavelength range 1.1 to 1.7 $\mu$m obtained with the Hubble Space Telescope Wide Field Camera 3 in spatial scan mode. The quality of the data is such that even a straightforward analysis yields a high...
Topics: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1409.4000
5
5.0
Jun 30, 2018
06/18
by
A. A. Lanotte; M. Gillon; B. -O. Demory; J. J. Fortney; N. Astudillo; X. Bonfils; P. Magain; X. Delfosse; T. Forveille; C. Lovis; M. Mayor; V. Neves; F. Pepe; D. Queloz; N. Santos; S. Udry
texts
eye 5
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Context. GJ 436b is one of the few transiting warm Neptunes for which a detailed characterisation of the atmosphere is possible, whereas its non-negligible orbital eccentricity calls for further investigation. Independent analyses of several individual datasets obtained with Spitzer have led to contradicting results attributed to the different techniques used to treat the instrumental effects. Aims. We aim at investigating these previous controversial results and developing our knowledge of the...
Topics: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1409.4038
5
5.0
Jun 30, 2018
06/18
by
Alex H. Parker
texts
eye 5
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The present-day orbit distribution of the Neptune Trojans is a powerful probe of the dynamical environment of the outer solar system during the late stages of planet migration. In this work, I conservatively debias the inclination, eccentricity, and libration amplitude distributions of the Neptune Trojans by reducing a priori unknown discovery and follow-up survey properties to nuisance parameters and using a likelihood-free Bayesian rejection sampler for parameter estimation. Using this...
Topics: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1409.6735
6
6.0
Jun 30, 2018
06/18
by
Fathi Namouni; Maria Helena Moreira Morais
texts
eye 6
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comment 0
Resonance capture is studied numerically in the three-body problem for arbitrary inclinations. Massless particles are set to drift from outside the 1:5 resonance with a Jupiter-mass planet thereby encountering the web of the planet's diverse mean motion resonances. Randomly constructed samples explore parameter space for inclinations from 0 to 180 deg with 5deg increments totalling nearly 6x10^5 numerical simulations. Thirty resonances internal and external to the planet's location are...
Topics: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1410.5383
9
9.0
Jun 30, 2018
06/18
by
Alex Dunhill
texts
eye 9
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comment 0
I present the results of 1D models of circumplanetary discs around planets on eccentric orbits. I use a classical viscous heating model to calculate emission fluxes at the wavelengths targeted by the NIRCam instrument on JWST, and compare the variability of this signal with the published NIRCam sensitivity specifications. This variability is theoretically detectable by JWST for a sufficiently viscous disc ($\alpha \sim 10^{-2}$) around a sufficiently eccentric planet ($e \sim 0.1-0.2$) and if...
Topics: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1411.1056
16
16
Jun 25, 2018
06/18
by
M. E. Brown; M. E. Bannister; B. P. Schmidt; A. J. Drake; S. G. Djorgovski; M. J. Graham; A. Mahabal; C. Donalek; S. Larson; E. Christensen; E. Beshore; R. McNaught
texts
eye 16
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We use seven year's worth of observations from the Catalina Sky Survey and the Siding Spring Survey covering most of the northern and southern hemisphere at galactic latitudes higher than 20 degrees to search for serendipitously imaged moving objects in the outer solar system. These slowly moving objects would appear as stationary transients in these fast cadence asteroids surveys, so we develop methods to discover objects in the outer solar system using individual observations spaced by...
Topics: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1501.00941
15
15
Jun 27, 2018
06/18
by
Lawrence Sromovsky; Patrick Fry; Heidi Hammel; William Ahue; Imke de Pater; Kathy Rages; Mark Showalter; Marcos van Dam
texts
eye 15
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As the 7 December 2007 equinox of Uranus approached, ring and atmosphere observers produced a substantial collection of observations using the 10-m Keck telescope and the Hubble Space Telescope. Those spanning the period from 7 June 2007 through 9 September 2007 we used to identify and track cloud features, determine atmospheric motions, characterize cloud morphology and dynamics, and define changes in atmospheric band structure. We confirmed the existence of the suspected northern hemisphere...
Topics: Astrophysics, Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1503.01957
11
11
Jun 27, 2018
06/18
by
Alex R. Howe; Adam S. Burrows
texts
eye 11
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We construct models of the structural evolution of super-Earth- and mini-Neptune-type exoplanets with hydrogen-helium envelopes, incorporating radiative cooling and XUV-driven mass loss. We conduct a parameter study of these models, focusing on initial mass, radius, and envelope mass fractions, as well as orbital distance, metallicity, and the specific prescription for mass loss. From these calculations, we investigate how the observed masses and radii of exoplanets today relate to the...
Topics: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1505.02784
12
12
Jun 27, 2018
06/18
by
Rudolf Dvorak; Siegfried Eggl; Áron Süli; Zsolt Sándor; Mattia Galiazzo; Elke Pilat-Lohinger
texts
eye 12
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As part of the national scientific network 'Pathways to Habitable Worlds' the delivery of water onto terrestrial planets is a key question since water is essential for the development of life as we know it. After summarizing the state of the art we show some first results of the transport of water in the early Solar System for scattered main belt objects. Hereby we investigate the questions whether planetesimals and planetesimal fragments which have gained considerable inclination due to the...
Topics: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1506.01851
11
11
Jun 28, 2018
06/18
by
Liang Yu; Joshua N. Winn; Michaël Gillon; Simon Albrecht; Saul Rappaport; Allyson Bieryla; Fei Dai; Laetitia Delrez; Lynne Hillenbrand; Matthew J. Holman; Andrew W. Howard; Chelsea X. Huang; Howard Isaacson; Emmanuel Jehin; Monika Lendl; Benjamin T. Montet; Philip Muirhead; Roberto Sanchis-Ojeda; Amaury H. M. J. Triaud
texts
eye 11
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The T Tauri star PTFO 8-8695 exhibits periodic fading events that have been interpreted as the transits of a giant planet on a precessing orbit. Here we present three tests of the planet hypothesis. First, we sought evidence for the secular changes in light-curve morphology that are predicted to be a consequence of orbital precession. We observed 28 fading events spread over several years, and did not see the expected changes. Instead we found that the fading events are not strictly periodic....
Topics: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1509.02176
9
9.0
Jun 29, 2018
06/18
by
Kunio M. Sayanagi; Kevin H. Baines; Ulyana A. Dyudina; Leigh N. Fletcher; Agustin Sánchez-Lavega; Robert A. West
texts
eye 9
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comment 0
This book chapter, Saturn's Polar Atmosphere, is to be published by Cambridge University Press as part of a multi-volume work edited by Kevin Baines, Michael Flasar, Norbert Krupp, and Thomas Stallard, entitled "Saturn in the 21st Century." This chapter reviews the state of our knowledge about Saturn's polar atmosphere that has been revealed through Earth- and space-based observation as well as theoretical and numerical modeling. In particular, the Cassini mission to Saturn, which has...
Topics: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1609.09626
3
3.0
Jun 29, 2018
06/18
by
Jason H. Steffen; Jeffrey L. Coughlin
texts
eye 3
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comment 0
We analyze data from the Quarter 1-17 Data Release 24 (Q1--Q17 DR24) planet candidate catalog from NASA's Kepler mission, specifically comparing systems with single transiting planets to systems with multiple transiting planets, and identify a distinct population of exoplanets with a necessarily distinct system architecture. Such an architecture likely indicates a different branch in their evolutionary past relative to the typical Kepler system. The key feature of these planetary systems is an...
Topics: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1610.03550
6
6.0
Jun 29, 2018
06/18
by
M. Jutzi; W. Benz
texts
eye 6
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comment 0
The origin of the particular shape of a small body like comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko (67P/C-G) is a topic of active research. How and when it acquired its peculiar characteristics has distinct implications on the origin of the solar system and its dynamics. We investigate how shapes like the one of comet 67P/C-G can result from a new type of low-energy, sub-catastrophic impacts involving elongated, rotating bodies. We focus on parameters potentially leading to bi-lobed structures. We also...
Topics: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1611.02615
3
3.0
Jun 29, 2018
06/18
by
J. Kirk; P. J. Wheatley; T. Louden; A. P. Doyle; I. Skillen; J. McCormac; P. G. J. Irwin; R. Karjalainen
texts
eye 3
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We have performed ground-based transmission spectroscopy of the hot Jupiter HAT-P-18b using the ACAM instrument on the William Herschel Telescope (WHT). Differential spectroscopy over an entire night was carried out at a resolution of $R \approx 400$ using a nearby comparison star. We detect a bluewards slope extending across our optical transmission spectrum which runs from 4750 to 9250\AA. The slope is consistent with Rayleigh scattering at the equilibrium temperature of the planet (852K). We...
Topics: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1611.06916
4
4.0
Jun 30, 2018
06/18
by
Thomas Ruedas
texts
eye 4
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comment 0
New forms of empirical formulae that provide an approximate description of the decay of shock pressure with distance in hypervelocity impacts are proposed. These forms, which are intended for use in applications such as large-scale mantle convection models, are continuous and smooth from the point of impact to arbitrarily large distances, thereby avoiding the need to divide the domain into different decay regimes and yielding the maximum pressure in a self-consistent way without resorting to...
Topics: Astrophysics, Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1702.05537
6
6.0
Jun 30, 2018
06/18
by
Ethan Dederick; Jason Jackiewicz
texts
eye 6
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The $\kappa$-mechanism has been successful in explaining the origin of observed oscillations of many types of "classical" pulsating variable stars. Here we examine quantitatively if that same process is prominent enough to excite the potential global oscillations within Jupiter, whose energy flux is powered by gravitational collapse rather than nuclear fusion. Additionally, we examine whether external radiative forcing, i.e. starlight, could be a driver for global oscillations in hot...
Topics: Astrophysics, Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1702.07988
4
4.0
Jun 29, 2018
06/18
by
Rebecca G. Martin; Stephen H. Lubow; Chris Nixon; Philip J. Armitage
texts
eye 4
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comment 0
With hydrodynamical simulations we determine the conditions under which an initially coplanar planet-disc system that orbits a member of a misaligned binary star evolves to form a planet that undergoes Kozai-Lidov (KL) oscillations once the disc disperses. These oscillations may explain the large orbital eccentricities, as well as the large misalignments with respect to the spin of the central star, observed for some exoplanets. The planet is assumed to be massive enough to open a gap in the...
Topics: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1603.03135
5
5.0
Jun 29, 2018
06/18
by
Ravi kumar Kopparapu; Eric T. Wolf; Jacob Haqq-Misra; Jun Yang; James F. Kasting; Victoria Meadows; Ryan Terrien; Suvrath Mahadevan
texts
eye 5
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Terrestrial planets at the inner edge of the habitable zone of late-K and M-dwarf stars are expected to be in synchronous rotation, as a consequence of strong tidal interactions with their host stars. Previous global climate model (GCM) studies have shown that, for slowly-rotating planets, strong convection at the substellar point can create optically thick water clouds, increasing the planetary albedo, and thus stabilizing the climate against a thermal runaway. However these studies did not...
Topics: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1602.05176
6
6.0
Jun 29, 2018
06/18
by
Bruno Sicardy; Maryame El Moutamid; Alice C. Quillen; Paul M. Schenk; Mark R. Showalter; Kevin Walsh
texts
eye 6
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Until 2013, only the giant planets were known to host ring systems. In June 2013, a stellar occulation revealed the presence of narrow and dense rings around Chariklo, a small Centaur object that orbits between Saturn and Uranus. Meanwhile, the Cassini spacecraft revealed evidence for the possible past presence of rings around the Saturnian satellites Rhea and Iapetus. Mars and Pluto are expected to have tenuous dusty rings, though they have so far evaded detection. More remotely, transit...
Topics: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1612.03321
5
5.0
Jun 30, 2018
06/18
by
Gwenaël Boué; Daniel Fabrycky
texts
eye 5
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comment 0
The non-resonant secular dynamics of compact planetary systems are modeled by a perturbing function which is usually expanded in eccentricity and absolute inclination with respect to the invariant plane. Here, the expressions are given in a vectorial form which naturally leads to an expansion in eccentricity and mutual inclination. The two approaches are equivalent in most cases, but the vectorial one is specially designed for those where a quasi-coplanar system tilts as a whole by a large...
Topics: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1405.7632
8
8.0
Jun 30, 2018
06/18
by
David Polishook
texts
eye 8
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An asteroid pair consists of two unbound objects with almost identical heliocentric orbital elements that were formed when a single "rubble pile" asteroid failed to remain bound against an increasing rotation rate. Models suggest that the pairs' progenitors gained the fast rotation due to the YORP effect. Since it was shown that the spin axis vector can be aligned by the YORP effect, such a behavior should be seen on asteroid pairs, if they were indeed formed by the described...
Topics: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1406.3359
3
3.0
Jun 30, 2018
06/18
by
Sunao Hasegawa; Seidai Miyasaka; Noritaka Tokimasa; Akito Sogame; Mansur A. Ibrahimov; Fumi Yoshida; Shinobu Ozaki; Masanao Abe; Masateru Ishiguro; Daisuke Kuroda
texts
eye 3
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We present the results of photometric observations carried out with four small telescopes of the asteroid 4 Vesta in the $B$, $R_{\rm C}$, and $z'$ bands at a minimum phase angle of 0.1 $\timeform{D}$. The magnitudes, reduced to unit distance and zero phase angle, were $M_{B}(1, 1, 0) = 3.83 \pm 0.01, M_{R_{\rm C}}(1, 1, 0) = 2.67 \pm 0.01$, and $M_{z'}(1, 1, 0) = 3.03 \pm 0.01$ mag. The absolute magnitude obtained from the IAU $H$--$G$ function is $\sim$0.1 mag darker than the magnitude at a...
Topics: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1406.4913
4
4.0
Jun 30, 2018
06/18
by
Lauren I. Biddle; Kyle A. Pearson; Ian J. M. Crossfield; Benjamin J. Fulton; Simona Ciceri; Jason Eastman; Travis Barman; Andrew W. Mann; Gregory W. Henry; Andrew W. Howard; Michael H. Williamson; Evan Sinukoff; Diana Dragomir; Laura Vican; Luigi Mancini; John Southworth; Adam Greenberg; Jake D. Turner; Robert Thompson; Brian W. Taylor; Stephen E. Levine; Matthew W. Webber
texts
eye 4
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It is important to explore the diversity of characteristics of low-mass, low-density planets to understand the nature and evolution of this class of planets. We present a homogeneous analysis of 12 new and 9 previously published broadband photometric observations of the Uranus-sized extrasolar planet GJ 3470b, which belongs to the growing sample of sub-Jovian bodies orbiting M dwarfs. The consistency of our analysis explains some of the discrepancies between previously published results and...
Topics: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1406.6437
6
6.0
Jun 30, 2018
06/18
by
Helena Cibulková; Miroslav Brož; Paula G. Benavidez
texts
eye 6
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In this work, we construct a new model for the collisional evolution of the main asteroid belt. Our goals are to test the scaling law of Benz and Asphaug (1999) and ascertain if it can be used for the whole belt. We want to find initial size-frequency distributions (SFDs) for the considered six parts of the belt (inner, middle, 'pristine', outer, Cybele zone, high-inclination region) and to verify if the number of synthetic asteroid families created during the simulation matches the number of...
Topics: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1407.6143
17
17
Jun 28, 2018
06/18
by
B. J. Falaye; S. H. Dong; K. J. Oyewumi; O. A. Falaiye; E. S. Joshua; J. Omojola; O. J. Abimbola; O. Kalu; S. M. Ikhdair
texts
eye 17
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We study the effects of oblateness up to $J_4$ of the primaries and power-law density profile (PDP) on the linear stability of libration location of an infinitesimal mass within the framework of restricted three body problem (R3BP), by using a more realistic model in which a disc with PDP is rotating around the common center of the system mass with perturbed mean motion. The existence and stability of triangular equilibrium points have been explored. It has been shown that triangular...
Topics: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1506.05238
18
18
Jun 28, 2018
06/18
by
Joshua A. Kammer; Heather A. Knutson; Michael R. Line; Jonathan J. Fortney; Drake Deming; Adam Burrows; Nicolas B. Cowan; Amaury H. M. J. Triaud; Eric Agol; Jean-Michel Desert; Benjamin J. Fulton; Andrew W. Howard; Gregory P. Laughlin; Nikole K. Lewis; Caroline V. Morley; Julianne I. Moses; Adam P. Showman; Kamen O. Todorov
texts
eye 18
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comment 0
In this work we present Spitzer 3.6 and 4.5 micron secondary eclipse observations of five new cool (
Topics: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1508.00902
4
4.0
Jun 28, 2018
06/18
by
Maryame El Moutamid; Philip D. Nicholson; Richard G. French; Matthew S. Tiscareno; Carl D. Murray; Michael W. Evans; Colleen McGhee French; Matthew M. Hedman; Joseph A. Burns
texts
eye 4
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comment 0
We present a study of the behavior of Saturn's A ring outer edge, using images and occultation data obtained by the Cassini spacecraft over a period of 8 years from 2006 to 2014. More than 5000 images and 170 occultations of the A ring outer edge are analyzed. Our fits confirm the expected response to the Janus 7:6 Inner Lindblad resonance (ILR) between 2006 and 2010, when Janus was on the inner leg of its regular orbit swap with Epimetheus. During this period, the edge exhibits a regular...
Topics: Astrophysics, Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1510.00434
3
3.0
Jun 29, 2018
06/18
by
J. Deckers; J. Teiser
texts
eye 3
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comment 0
We present collision experiments of centimetre projectiles on to decimetre targets, both made up of solid ice, at velocities of $15\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}}$ to $45\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}}$ at an average temperature of $\mathrm{T_{avg}}=255.8\pm0.7\,\mathrm{K}$. In these collisions the centimetre body gets disrupted and part of it sticks to the target. This behaviour can be observed up to an upper threshold, that depends on the projectile size, beyond which there is no mass transfer. In collisions of...
Topics: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1601.04609
4
4.0
Jun 30, 2018
06/18
by
Min-Kai Lin; Ryan Cloutier
texts
eye 4
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comment 0
Gap formation by giant planets in self-gravitating disks may lead to a gravitational edge instability (GEI). We demonstrate this GEI with global 3D and 2D self-gravitating disk-planet simulations using the ZEUS, PLUTO and FARGO hydrodynamic codes. High resolution 2D simulations show that an unstable outer gap edge can lead to outwards orbital migration. Our results have important implications for theories of giant planet formation in massive disks.
Topics: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1401.5060
3
3.0
Jun 30, 2018
06/18
by
Julien de Wit; Sara Seager
texts
eye 3
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comment 0
Determination of an exoplanet's mass is a key to understanding its basic properties, including its potential for supporting life. To date, mass constraints for exoplanets are predominantly based on radial velocity (RV) measurements, which are not suited for planets with low masses, large semi-major axes, or those orbiting faint or active stars. Here, we present a method to extract an exoplanet's mass solely from its transmission spectrum. We find good agreement between the mass retrieved for...
Topics: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1401.6181
5
5.0
Jun 30, 2018
06/18
by
O. M. Guilera; G. C. de Elía; A. Brunini; P. J. Santamaría
texts
eye 5
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comment 0
In the standard scenario of planet formation, terrestrial planets and the cores of the giant planets are formed by accretion of planetesimals. As planetary embryos grow the planetesimal velocity dispersion increases due to gravitational excitations produced by embryos. The increase of planetesimal relative velocities causes the fragmentation of them due to mutual collisions. We study the role of planetesimal fragmentation on giant planet formation. We analyze how planetesimal fragmentation...
Topics: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1401.7738
3
3.0
Jun 29, 2018
06/18
by
René Heller; Michael Hippke; Brian Jackson
texts
eye 3
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comment 0
The orbital sampling effect (OSE) appears in phase-folded transit light curves of extrasolar planets with moons. Analytical OSE models have hitherto neglected stellar limb darkening and non-zero transit impact parameters and assumed that the moon is on a circular, co-planar orbit around the planet. Here, we present an analytical OSE model for eccentric moon orbits, which we implement in a numerical simulator with stellar limb darkening that allows for arbitrary transit impact parameters. We...
Topics: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1603.07112
5
5.0
Jun 29, 2018
06/18
by
Cristian A. Giuppone; Alejandro M. Leiva
texts
eye 5
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comment 0
In this work, we construct and test an analytical and a semianalytical secular models for two planets locked in a coorbital non-coplanar motion, comparing some results with the case of restricted three body problem. The analytical average model replicates the numerical N-body integrations, even for moderate eccentricities ($\lesssim$ 0.3) and inclinations ($\lesssim10^\circ$), except for the regions corresponding to quasi-satellite and Lidov-Kozai configurations. Furthermore, this model is also...
Topics: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1604.08631
8
8.0
Jun 29, 2018
06/18
by
George Zhou; David W. Latham; Allyson Bieryla; Thomas G. Beatty; Lars A. Buchhave; Gilbert A. Esquerdo; Perry Berlind; Michael L. Calkins
texts
eye 8
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We present Doppler tomographic analyses for the spectroscopic transits of KELT-7b and HAT-P-56b, two hot-Jupiters orbiting rapidly rotating F-dwarf host stars. These include analyses of archival TRES observations for KELT-7b, and a new TRES transit observation of HAT-P-56b. We report spin-orbit aligned geometries for KELT-7b (2.7 +/- 0.6 deg) and HAT-P-56b (8 +/- 2 deg). The host stars KELT-7 and HAT-P-56 are among some of the most rapidly rotating planet-hosting stars known. We examine the...
Topics: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1605.01991
4
4.0
Jun 29, 2018
06/18
by
F. Gourgeot; B. Carry; C. Dumas; F. Vachier; F. Merlin; P. Lacerda; M. A. Barucci; J. Berthier
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The transneptunian region of the solar system is populated by a wide variety of icy bodies showing great diversity. The dwarf planet (136108) Haumea is among the largest TNOs and displays a highly elongated shape and hosts two moons, covered with crystalline water ice like Hamuea. Haumea is also the largest member of the sole TNO family known to date. A catastrophic collision is likely responsible for its unique characteristics. We report here on the analysis of a new set of observations of...
Topics: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1605.04145
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6.0
Jun 29, 2018
06/18
by
Luigi Mancini; John Southworth
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Since 2008 we have run an observational program to accurately measure the characteristics of known exoplanet systems hosting close-in transiting giant planets, i.e. hot Jupiters. Our study is based on high-quality photometric follow-up observations of transit events with an array of medium-class telescopes, which are located in both the northern and the southern hemispheres. A high photometric precision is achieved through the telescope-defocussing technique. The data are then reduced and...
Topics: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1605.05576
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4.0
Jun 29, 2018
06/18
by
Ákos Bazsó; Elke Pilat-Lohinger; Siegfried Eggl; Barbara Funk; David Bancelin; Gioia Rau
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We present a survey on exoplanetary systems of binary stars with stellar separations less than 100 au. For a sample of 11 binaries that harbour detected circumstellar giant planets we investigate the frequency of systems with secular resonances (SR) affecting the habitable zone (HZ). Secular resonances are connected to dynamically unstable or chaotic regions by enforcing highly eccentric motion. We apply a semi-analytical method to determine the locations of linear SR, which is based on finding...
Topics: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1605.06769
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6.0
Jun 29, 2018
06/18
by
E. Saquet; N. Emelyanov; F. Colas; J. -E. Arlot; V. Robert; B. Christophe; O. Dechambre
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During the 2014-2015 campaign of mutual events, we recorded ground-based photometric observations of eclipses of Amalthea (JV) and, for the first time, Thebe (JXIV) by the Galilean moons. We focused on estimating whether the positioning accuracy of the inner satellites determined with photometry is sufficient for dynamical studies. We observed two eclipses of Amalthea and one of Thebe with the 1 m telescope at Pic du Midi Observatory using an IR filter and a mask placed over the planetary image...
Topics: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1605.06935
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5.0
Jun 29, 2018
06/18
by
John DeVore; Saul Rappaport; Roberto Sanchis-Ojeda; Kelsey Hoffman; Jason Rowe
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We present a way of searching for non-transiting exoplanets with dusty tails. In the transiting case, the extinction by dust during the transit removes more light from the beam than is scattered into it. Thus, the forward scattering component of the light is best seen either just prior to ingress, or just after egress, but with reduced amplitude over the larger peak that is obscured by the transit. This picture suggests that it should be equally productive to search for positive-going peaks in...
Topics: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1606.05952
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Jun 29, 2018
06/18
by
Thomas Ronnet; Pierre Vernazza; Olivier Mousis; Bastien Brugger; Pierre Beck; Bertrand Devouard; Olivier Witasse; Fabrice Cipriani
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The origin of Phobos and Deimos is still an open question. Currently, none of the three proposed scenarios for their origin (intact capture of two distinct outer solar system small bodies, co-accretion with Mars, and accretion within an impact-generated disk) is able to reconcile their orbital and physical properties. Here, we investigate the expected mineralogical composition and size of the grains from which the moons once accreted assuming they formed within an impact-generated accretion...
Topics: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1607.02350
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4.0
Jun 29, 2018
06/18
by
Kedron Silsbee; Scott Tremaine
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We run simulations to determine the expected distribution of orbital elements of nearly isotropic comets (NICs) in the outer solar system, assuming that these comets originate in the Oort Cloud at thousands of AU and are perturbed into the planetary region by the Galactic tide. We show that the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST) should detect and characterize the orbits of hundreds to thousands of NICs with perihelion distance outside 5 AU. Observing NICs in the outer solar system is our...
Topics: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1607.07882
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7.0
Jun 30, 2018
06/18
by
George Voyatzis
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Periodic solutions of the three body problem are very important for understanding its dynamics either in a theoretical framework or in various applications in celestial mechanics. In this paper we discuss the computation and continuation of periodic orbits for planetary systems. The study is restricted to coplanar motion. Staring from known results of two-planet systems around single stars, we perform continuation of solutions with respect to the mass and approach periodic orbits of single...
Topics: Astrophysics, Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1704.00495
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7.0
Jun 30, 2018
06/18
by
Erwan Mazarico; David D. Rowlands; Terence J. Sabaka; Kenneth M. Getzandanner; David P. Rubincam; Joseph B. Nicholas; Michael C. Moreau
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The goal of the OSIRIS-REx mission is to return a sample of asteroid material from Near-Earth Asteroid (101955) Bennu. The role of the navigation and flight dynamics team is critical for the spacecraft to execute a precisely planned sampling maneuver over a specifically-selected landing site. In particular, the orientation of Bennu needs to be recovered with good accuracy during orbital operations to contribute as small an error as possible to the landing error budget. Although Bennu is well...
Topics: Astrophysics, Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1704.05108
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5.0
Jun 29, 2018
06/18
by
R. van Lieshout; M. Min; C. Dominik; M. Brogi; T. de Graaff; S. Hekker; M. Kama; C. U. Keller; A. Ridden-Harper; T. I. M. van Werkhoven
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Evaporating rocky exoplanets, such as KIC 12557548b, eject large amounts of dust grains, which can trail the planet in a comet-like tail. When such objects occult their host star, the resulting transit signal contains information about the dust in the tail. We aim to use the detailed shape of the Kepler light curve of KIC 12557548b to constrain the size and composition of the dust grains that make up the tail, as well as the mass loss rate of the planet. Using a self-consistent numerical model...
Topics: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1609.00275
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5.0
Jun 29, 2018
06/18
by
Rebecca G. Martin; Mario Livio; Divya Palaniswamy
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Pulsar timing observations have revealed planets around only a few pulsars. We suggest that the rarity of these planets is due mainly to two effects. First, we show that the most likely formation mechanism requires the destruction of a companion star. Only pulsars with a suitable companion (with an extreme mass ratio) are able to form planets. Second, while a dead zone (a region of low turbulence) in the disk is generally thought to be essential for planet formation, it is most probably rare in...
Topics: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1609.06409
