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Language: en

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hello<00:00:06.640><c> everyone</c><00:00:07.520><c> uh</c><00:00:07.919><c> thank</c><00:00:08.080><c> you</c><00:00:08.240><c> for</c><00:00:08.400><c> being</c>

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hello everyone uh thank you for being
 

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hello everyone uh thank you for being
here<00:00:08.800><c> with</c><00:00:09.040><c> us</c><00:00:09.200><c> for</c><00:00:09.360><c> this</c><00:00:09.599><c> interview</c><00:00:09.920><c> we</c><00:00:10.080><c> have</c>

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here with us for this interview we have
 

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here with us for this interview we have
a<00:00:10.240><c> very</c><00:00:10.480><c> special</c><00:00:10.960><c> interview</c><00:00:11.440><c> mr</c><00:00:11.840><c> ronnie</c><00:00:12.160><c> a</c>

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a very special interview mr ronnie a
 

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a very special interview mr ronnie a
nickel

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nickel
 

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nickel
uh<00:00:14.000><c> is</c><00:00:14.240><c> going</c><00:00:14.480><c> to</c><00:00:14.639><c> join</c><00:00:14.960><c> us</c><00:00:15.120><c> today</c><00:00:15.599><c> i'm</c><00:00:16.240><c> really</c>

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uh is going to join us today i'm really
 

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uh is going to join us today i'm really
excited<00:00:17.039><c> about</c><00:00:17.279><c> this</c><00:00:17.520><c> interview</c>

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excited about this interview
 

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excited about this interview
some<00:00:18.880><c> of</c><00:00:19.039><c> you</c><00:00:19.279><c> may</c><00:00:19.840><c> recognize</c><00:00:20.480><c> his</c><00:00:20.720><c> name</c><00:00:21.119><c> he's</c>

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some of you may recognize his name he's
 

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some of you may recognize his name he's
a<00:00:21.840><c> native</c><00:00:22.160><c> of</c><00:00:22.320><c> little</c><00:00:22.640><c> rock</c><00:00:23.199><c> he</c><00:00:23.439><c> graduated</c>

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a native of little rock he graduated
 

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a native of little rock he graduated
from<00:00:24.160><c> central</c><00:00:24.560><c> high</c><00:00:24.800><c> school</c>

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from central high school
 

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from central high school
he

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he
 

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he
also<00:00:27.199><c> graduated</c><00:00:27.840><c> from</c><00:00:28.080><c> the</c><00:00:28.240><c> university</c><00:00:28.560><c> of</c>

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also graduated from the university of
 

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also graduated from the university of
arkansas<00:00:29.199><c> little</c><00:00:29.439><c> rock</c><00:00:29.760><c> with</c><00:00:29.920><c> a</c>

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arkansas little rock with a
 

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arkansas little rock with a
bachelor's<00:00:31.439><c> in</c><00:00:32.000><c> art</c><00:00:32.480><c> and</c><00:00:32.640><c> a</c><00:00:32.719><c> minor</c><00:00:33.040><c> in</c>

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bachelor's in art and a minor in
 

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bachelor's in art and a minor in
american<00:00:34.000><c> history</c>

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american history
 

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american history
he<00:00:35.920><c> also</c><00:00:36.480><c> is</c><00:00:36.800><c> a</c>

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he also is a
 

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he also is a
got<00:00:38.079><c> his</c><00:00:38.239><c> master's</c><00:00:38.800><c> degree</c>

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got his master's degree
 

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got his master's degree
from

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from
 

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from
otis<00:00:41.760><c> arts</c><00:00:42.000><c> institute</c><00:00:42.480><c> in</c><00:00:42.879><c> los</c><00:00:43.200><c> angeles</c>

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otis arts institute in los angeles
 

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otis arts institute in los angeles
in<00:00:44.879><c> addition</c><00:00:45.360><c> he</c><00:00:45.520><c> is</c><00:00:45.680><c> an</c><00:00:45.840><c> alumnus</c><00:00:46.320><c> of</c><00:00:46.399><c> the</c><00:00:46.559><c> wk</c>

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in addition he is an alumnus of the wk
 

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in addition he is an alumnus of the wk
kellogg<00:00:47.520><c> national</c><00:00:47.920><c> fellowship</c><00:00:48.480><c> program</c>

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kellogg national fellowship program
 

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kellogg national fellowship program
many<00:00:50.160><c> of</c><00:00:50.239><c> you</c><00:00:50.399><c> may</c><00:00:50.640><c> recognize</c><00:00:51.199><c> him</c><00:00:51.680><c> from</c><00:00:52.000><c> his</c>

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many of you may recognize him from his
 

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many of you may recognize him from his
over<00:00:53.199><c> 35</c><00:00:53.840><c> years</c><00:00:54.239><c> in</c><00:00:54.320><c> the</c><00:00:54.399><c> museum</c><00:00:54.960><c> field</c><00:00:55.360><c> here</c>

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over 35 years in the museum field here
 

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over 35 years in the museum field here
in<00:00:55.680><c> little</c><00:00:55.920><c> rock</c>

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in little rock
 

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in little rock
he

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he
 

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he
worked<00:00:58.960><c> at</c>

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worked at
 

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worked at
the<00:01:00.320><c> arkansas</c><00:01:00.879><c> arts</c><00:01:01.199><c> center</c>

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the arkansas arts center
 

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the arkansas arts center
as<00:01:02.399><c> the</c><00:01:02.640><c> director</c><00:01:03.120><c> of</c><00:01:03.280><c> audience</c><00:01:03.760><c> development</c>

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as the director of audience development
 

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as the director of audience development
he<00:01:05.119><c> was</c><00:01:05.280><c> also</c><00:01:05.760><c> director</c><00:01:06.159><c> of</c><00:01:06.240><c> the</c><00:01:06.320><c> delta</c>

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he was also director of the delta
 

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he was also director of the delta
cultural<00:01:07.119><c> center</c><00:01:07.439><c> down</c><00:01:07.600><c> in</c><00:01:07.760><c> helena</c><00:01:08.640><c> as</c><00:01:08.880><c> well</c>

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cultural center down in helena as well
 

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cultural center down in helena as well
as<00:01:09.520><c> the</c><00:01:09.680><c> director</c><00:01:10.240><c> of</c><00:01:10.400><c> the</c><00:01:10.880><c> arkansas</c><00:01:12.000><c> or</c><00:01:12.240><c> the</c>

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as the director of the arkansas or the
 

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as the director of the arkansas or the
old<00:01:12.560><c> state</c><00:01:12.880><c> house</c><00:01:13.119><c> museum</c><00:01:13.680><c> and</c><00:01:13.760><c> trout</c><00:01:14.080><c> no</c><00:01:14.320><c> hall</c>

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old state house museum and trout no hall
 

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old state house museum and trout no hall
so<00:01:15.680><c> he</c><00:01:15.840><c> has</c><00:01:16.000><c> an</c><00:01:16.159><c> extensive</c>

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history<00:01:19.360><c> and</c><00:01:19.520><c> experience</c><00:01:20.240><c> with</c><00:01:20.640><c> with</c><00:01:20.960><c> little</c>

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history and experience with with little
 

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history and experience with with little
rock<00:01:21.759><c> he's</c><00:01:22.080><c> also</c>

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rock he's also
 

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rock he's also
a<00:01:23.520><c> descendant</c><00:01:24.000><c> of</c><00:01:24.159><c> a</c><00:01:24.240><c> black</c><00:01:24.560><c> civil</c><00:01:24.880><c> war</c>

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a descendant of a black civil war
 

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a descendant of a black civil war
veteran<00:01:25.600><c> and</c><00:01:25.840><c> in</c><00:01:26.000><c> his</c><00:01:26.240><c> career</c><00:01:27.280><c> he</c><00:01:27.520><c> has</c><00:01:28.159><c> studied</c>

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veteran and in his career he has studied
 

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veteran and in his career he has studied
research<00:01:29.200><c> and</c><00:01:29.360><c> presented</c><00:01:29.840><c> many</c><00:01:30.159><c> programs</c>

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research and presented many programs
 

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research and presented many programs
regarding<00:01:31.840><c> african</c><00:01:32.159><c> american</c><00:01:32.640><c> soldiers</c><00:01:33.119><c> in</c>

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regarding african american soldiers in
 

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regarding african american soldiers in
the<00:01:33.360><c> civil</c><00:01:33.680><c> war</c><00:01:34.240><c> and</c><00:01:34.479><c> in</c><00:01:34.720><c> particularly</c><00:01:35.200><c> in</c>

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the civil war and in particularly in
 

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the civil war and in particularly in
arkansas

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arkansas
 

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arkansas
he<00:01:37.040><c> uh</c><00:01:37.759><c> design</c><00:01:38.320><c> is</c><00:01:38.479><c> a</c><00:01:38.560><c> designer</c><00:01:39.280><c> and</c><00:01:39.439><c> guest</c>

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he uh design is a designer and guest
 

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he uh design is a designer and guest
curator<00:01:40.400><c> of</c><00:01:40.560><c> an</c><00:01:40.720><c> exhibit</c><00:01:41.520><c> called</c><00:01:41.920><c> freedom</c><00:01:42.320><c> of</c>

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curator of an exhibit called freedom of
 

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curator of an exhibit called freedom of
freedom<00:01:43.200><c> arkansas</c><00:01:43.680><c> people</c><00:01:43.920><c> of</c><00:01:44.079><c> african</c>

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freedom arkansas people of african
 

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freedom arkansas people of african
descent<00:01:44.880><c> in</c><00:01:44.960><c> the</c><00:01:45.040><c> civil</c><00:01:45.360><c> war</c><00:01:45.600><c> 1861-265</c>

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descent in the civil war 1861-265
 

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descent in the civil war 1861-265
that<00:01:47.840><c> was</c><00:01:48.159><c> at</c><00:01:48.399><c> the</c><00:01:48.560><c> mosaic</c>

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that was at the mosaic
 

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that was at the mosaic
templar<00:01:50.159><c> uh</c><00:01:50.560><c> here</c><00:01:50.720><c> in</c><00:01:50.880><c> little</c><00:01:51.119><c> rock</c><00:01:51.439><c> on</c>

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templar uh here in little rock on
 

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templar uh here in little rock on
display<00:01:52.159><c> there</c>

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display there
 

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display there
and<00:01:53.680><c> we're</c><00:01:54.000><c> really</c><00:01:54.240><c> excited</c><00:01:54.720><c> to</c><00:01:54.880><c> have</c><00:01:55.119><c> him</c>

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and we're really excited to have him
 

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and we're really excited to have him
here<00:01:55.840><c> today</c>

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here today
 

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here today
he<00:01:57.360><c> currently</c>

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he currently
 

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he currently
has<00:01:59.520><c> nick</c><00:02:00.240><c> the</c><00:02:00.399><c> nichols</c><00:02:00.799><c> consulting</c><00:02:01.840><c> uh</c>

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has nick the nichols consulting uh
 

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has nick the nichols consulting uh
business<00:02:02.719><c> he</c><00:02:02.960><c> provides</c><00:02:03.600><c> planning</c><00:02:04.399><c> research</c>

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business he provides planning research
 

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business he provides planning research
technical<00:02:05.520><c> series</c><00:02:06.320><c> or</c><00:02:06.640><c> technical</c><00:02:07.200><c> services</c>

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technical series or technical services
 

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technical series or technical services
rather<00:02:08.479><c> in</c><00:02:08.879><c> civil</c><00:02:09.119><c> war</c><00:02:09.360><c> military</c><00:02:09.840><c> and</c><00:02:10.000><c> african</c>

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rather in civil war military and african
 

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rather in civil war military and african
american<00:02:11.200><c> history</c><00:02:11.599><c> for</c><00:02:11.840><c> films</c><00:02:12.239><c> publications</c>

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american history for films publications
 

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american history for films publications
public<00:02:13.920><c> programs</c><00:02:14.879><c> he</c><00:02:15.040><c> was</c><00:02:15.200><c> also</c><00:02:15.440><c> a</c><00:02:15.599><c> technical</c>

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public programs he was also a technical
 

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public programs he was also a technical
advisor<00:02:16.480><c> for</c><00:02:16.720><c> the</c><00:02:16.800><c> movie</c><00:02:17.120><c> glory</c>

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advisor for the movie glory
 

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advisor for the movie glory
so

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so
 

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so
we're<00:02:19.200><c> really</c><00:02:19.599><c> excited</c><00:02:20.080><c> to</c><00:02:20.160><c> have</c><00:02:20.319><c> you</c><00:02:20.400><c> here</c><00:02:20.560><c> mr</c>

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we're really excited to have you here mr
 

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we're really excited to have you here mr
nichols<00:02:21.280><c> thank</c><00:02:21.440><c> you</c><00:02:21.599><c> for</c><00:02:21.760><c> joining</c><00:02:22.160><c> us</c>

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nichols thank you for joining us
 

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nichols thank you for joining us
saying<00:02:23.520><c> thank</c><00:02:23.760><c> you</c><00:02:24.080><c> it's</c><00:02:24.239><c> good</c><00:02:24.560><c> to</c><00:02:24.800><c> be</c><00:02:25.040><c> here</c>

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saying thank you it's good to be here
 

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saying thank you it's good to be here
it's<00:02:25.599><c> good</c><00:02:25.840><c> to</c><00:02:26.480><c> be</c><00:02:26.640><c> able</c><00:02:26.800><c> to</c><00:02:26.879><c> talk</c><00:02:27.120><c> to</c><00:02:27.440><c> folks</c>

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it's good to be able to talk to folks
 

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it's good to be able to talk to folks
there<00:02:27.920><c> in</c><00:02:28.000><c> little</c><00:02:28.239><c> rock</c><00:02:28.560><c> and</c><00:02:28.959><c> in</c><00:02:29.120><c> arkansas</c><00:02:29.680><c> in</c>

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there in little rock and in arkansas in
 

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there in little rock and in arkansas in
general

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general
 

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general
well<00:02:31.280><c> you</c><00:02:31.360><c> know</c><00:02:31.680><c> the</c><00:02:31.760><c> reason</c><00:02:32.080><c> i</c>

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well you know the reason i
 

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well you know the reason i
wanted<00:02:33.040><c> to</c><00:02:33.200><c> interview</c><00:02:33.599><c> you</c><00:02:33.760><c> is</c><00:02:33.920><c> you've</c><00:02:34.080><c> done</c>

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wanted to interview you is you've done
 

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wanted to interview you is you've done
extensive<00:02:34.959><c> research</c><00:02:35.599><c> and</c>

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extensive research and
 

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extensive research and
talked<00:02:37.599><c> publicly</c><00:02:38.560><c> and</c><00:02:38.720><c> given</c><00:02:38.959><c> many</c><00:02:39.280><c> programs</c>

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talked publicly and given many programs
 

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talked publicly and given many programs
regarding<00:02:40.239><c> african-american</c><00:02:41.120><c> soldiers</c><00:02:42.080><c> in</c>

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regarding african-american soldiers in
 

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regarding african-american soldiers in
the<00:02:42.319><c> civil</c><00:02:42.720><c> war</c><00:02:43.040><c> particularly</c><00:02:43.680><c> here</c><00:02:43.840><c> in</c>

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the civil war particularly here in
 

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the civil war particularly here in
arkansas

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arkansas
 

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arkansas
and<00:02:45.680><c> if</c><00:02:45.920><c> you</c><00:02:46.239><c> could</c><00:02:46.800><c> just</c><00:02:47.040><c> start</c><00:02:47.360><c> by</c>

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and if you could just start by
 

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and if you could just start by
discussing<00:02:48.239><c> african-american</c><00:02:48.959><c> troops</c><00:02:49.680><c> maybe</c>

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discussing african-american troops maybe
 

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discussing african-american troops maybe
before<00:02:50.319><c> the</c><00:02:50.480><c> civil</c><00:02:50.800><c> war</c>

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before the civil war
 

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before the civil war
and<00:02:53.120><c> then</c><00:02:53.519><c> how</c>

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and then how
 

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and then how
they<00:02:54.800><c> became</c><00:02:55.599><c> very</c><00:02:55.840><c> prominent</c><00:02:56.400><c> during</c><00:02:56.720><c> this</c>

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they became very prominent during this
 

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they became very prominent during this
event

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event
 

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event
just<00:02:59.200><c> in</c><00:02:59.360><c> brief</c>

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just in brief
 

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just in brief
one<00:03:00.640><c> of</c><00:03:00.720><c> the</c>

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one of the
 

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one of the
initial<00:03:02.879><c> wars</c><00:03:03.200><c> the</c><00:03:03.440><c> american</c><00:03:03.840><c> revolutionary</c>

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initial wars the american revolutionary
 

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initial wars the american revolutionary
war

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war
 

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war
george<00:03:06.319><c> washington</c><00:03:06.959><c> was</c><00:03:07.200><c> shocked</c><00:03:07.599><c> when</c><00:03:07.840><c> he</c>

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george washington was shocked when he
 

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george washington was shocked when he
came<00:03:08.640><c> uh</c><00:03:09.120><c> to</c>

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came uh to
 

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came uh to
uh<00:03:10.319><c> believe</c><00:03:10.959><c> bonker</c><00:03:11.360><c> hill</c><00:03:11.760><c> and</c><00:03:11.920><c> saw</c><00:03:12.480><c> that</c>

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uh believe bonker hill and saw that
 

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uh believe bonker hill and saw that
there<00:03:12.800><c> were</c><00:03:12.959><c> black</c><00:03:13.280><c> men</c>

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there were black men
 

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there were black men
in<00:03:14.239><c> line</c><00:03:14.640><c> fighting</c>

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in line fighting
 

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in line fighting
and<00:03:16.239><c> he</c><00:03:16.480><c> immediately</c><00:03:17.280><c> started</c><00:03:17.920><c> uh</c><00:03:18.239><c> requesting</c>

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and he immediately started uh requesting
 

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and he immediately started uh requesting
that<00:03:18.959><c> they'd</c><00:03:19.120><c> be</c><00:03:19.360><c> dismissed</c>

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that they'd be dismissed
 

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that they'd be dismissed
but<00:03:20.879><c> come</c><00:03:21.040><c> to</c><00:03:21.200><c> find</c><00:03:21.599><c> out</c><00:03:21.760><c> that</c><00:03:21.920><c> they</c><00:03:22.080><c> were</c><00:03:22.239><c> some</c>

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but come to find out that they were some
 

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but come to find out that they were some
of<00:03:22.560><c> his</c><00:03:22.800><c> uh</c><00:03:23.120><c> best</c><00:03:23.440><c> fighters</c><00:03:24.319><c> and</c><00:03:24.480><c> also</c><00:03:24.799><c> due</c><00:03:24.959><c> to</c>

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of his uh best fighters and also due to
 

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of his uh best fighters and also due to
the<00:03:25.200><c> fact</c><00:03:25.440><c> that</c><00:03:25.599><c> there</c><00:03:25.760><c> was</c><00:03:25.920><c> a</c><00:03:26.080><c> shortage</c><00:03:26.959><c> of</c><00:03:27.280><c> uh</c>

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the fact that there was a shortage of uh
 

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the fact that there was a shortage of uh
men<00:03:27.920><c> to</c><00:03:28.159><c> fight</c><00:03:28.799><c> uh</c><00:03:29.040><c> he</c><00:03:29.280><c> maintained</c><00:03:29.840><c> and</c>

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men to fight uh he maintained and
 

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men to fight uh he maintained and
retained<00:03:30.480><c> those</c><00:03:30.799><c> uh</c><00:03:30.959><c> black</c><00:03:31.280><c> men</c><00:03:31.920><c> during</c><00:03:32.159><c> the</c>

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retained those uh black men during the
 

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retained those uh black men during the
revolutionary<00:03:33.040><c> war</c><00:03:33.280><c> there</c><00:03:33.440><c> was</c><00:03:33.599><c> over</c><00:03:33.840><c> 5</c><00:03:34.319><c> 000</c>

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revolutionary war there was over 5 000
 

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revolutionary war there was over 5 000
black<00:03:35.519><c> men</c><00:03:35.760><c> who</c><00:03:36.000><c> served</c><00:03:36.560><c> in</c><00:03:36.720><c> the</c>

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black men who served in the
 

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black men who served in the
army<00:03:38.080><c> as</c><00:03:38.319><c> well</c><00:03:38.560><c> as</c><00:03:38.799><c> uh</c><00:03:39.040><c> in</c><00:03:39.120><c> the</c><00:03:39.280><c> navy</c>

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then<00:03:42.159><c> from</c><00:03:42.480><c> from</c><00:03:42.720><c> there</c><00:03:43.120><c> the</c><00:03:43.360><c> uh</c>

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then from from there the uh
 

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then from from there the uh
the<00:03:44.720><c> war</c><00:03:44.959><c> of</c><00:03:45.120><c> 1812</c>

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the war of 1812
 

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the war of 1812
uh<00:03:46.879><c> there</c><00:03:47.040><c> were</c><00:03:47.200><c> black</c><00:03:47.519><c> men</c><00:03:47.760><c> who</c><00:03:48.080><c> served</c><00:03:48.480><c> there</c>

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uh there were black men who served there
 

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uh there were black men who served there
as<00:03:49.280><c> well</c>

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as well
 

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as well
and<00:03:50.480><c> from</c><00:03:50.959><c> 1812</c>

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and from 1812
 

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and from 1812
uh<00:03:53.040><c> there</c><00:03:53.200><c> was</c><00:03:53.439><c> also</c>

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uh there was also
 

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uh there was also
as<00:03:54.799><c> part</c><00:03:55.040><c> of</c><00:03:55.200><c> that</c><00:03:55.599><c> uh</c>

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as part of that uh
 

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as part of that uh
military<00:03:57.360><c> pay</c><00:03:57.760><c> there</c><00:03:57.920><c> were</c><00:03:58.159><c> land</c><00:03:58.480><c> grants</c>

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military pay there were land grants
 

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military pay there were land grants
given<00:03:59.840><c> and</c><00:04:00.159><c> one</c><00:04:00.560><c> particular</c><00:04:01.280><c> person</c><00:04:01.760><c> peter</c>

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given and one particular person peter
 

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given and one particular person peter
calder

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calder
 

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calder
who<00:04:03.519><c> was</c><00:04:03.680><c> with</c><00:04:03.840><c> the</c><00:04:03.920><c> u.s</c><00:04:04.319><c> third</c><00:04:05.040><c> rifles</c>

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who was with the u.s third rifles
 

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who was with the u.s third rifles
received<00:04:06.480><c> a</c><00:04:06.560><c> land</c><00:04:06.879><c> grant</c><00:04:07.680><c> in</c><00:04:07.840><c> marion</c><00:04:08.319><c> county</c>

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received a land grant in marion county
 

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received a land grant in marion county
arkansas<00:04:09.360><c> so</c><00:04:09.519><c> you</c><00:04:09.680><c> have</c><00:04:10.400><c> a</c><00:04:10.560><c> person</c><00:04:10.959><c> of</c><00:04:11.200><c> african</c>

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arkansas so you have a person of african
 

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arkansas so you have a person of african
descent<00:04:12.640><c> who</c><00:04:13.360><c> received</c><00:04:14.080><c> a</c><00:04:14.319><c> land</c><00:04:14.640><c> grant</c><00:04:14.879><c> there</c>

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descent who received a land grant there
 

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descent who received a land grant there
in<00:04:15.200><c> arkansas</c><00:04:16.239><c> and</c><00:04:16.479><c> made</c><00:04:16.720><c> his</c><00:04:16.880><c> home</c><00:04:17.199><c> there</c><00:04:17.440><c> as</c>

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in arkansas and made his home there as
 

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in arkansas and made his home there as
well<00:04:17.759><c> as</c>

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well as
 

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well as
established<00:04:19.680><c> his</c><00:04:19.919><c> community</c><00:04:20.400><c> there</c><00:04:20.639><c> in</c>

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established his community there in
 

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established his community there in
marion<00:04:21.280><c> county</c><00:04:21.600><c> arkansas</c>

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marion county arkansas
 

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marion county arkansas
and<00:04:22.880><c> from</c><00:04:23.360><c> there</c><00:04:23.680><c> with</c><00:04:23.759><c> the</c><00:04:23.919><c> mexican</c><00:04:24.400><c> war</c>

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and from there with the mexican war
 

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and from there with the mexican war
the<00:04:25.840><c> mexican</c><00:04:26.240><c> war</c><00:04:26.479><c> was</c><00:04:26.639><c> really</c><00:04:26.960><c> to</c><00:04:27.199><c> expand</c>

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the mexican war was really to expand
 

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the mexican war was really to expand
slavery

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slavery
 

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slavery
uh<00:04:29.360><c> there</c><00:04:29.520><c> were</c><00:04:29.759><c> a</c><00:04:29.919><c> number</c><00:04:30.320><c> of</c><00:04:30.639><c> uh</c><00:04:31.040><c> black</c><00:04:31.360><c> men</c>

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uh there were a number of uh black men
 

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uh there were a number of uh black men
who<00:04:31.840><c> served</c><00:04:32.240><c> basically</c><00:04:32.800><c> in</c><00:04:32.880><c> the</c><00:04:33.040><c> navy</c><00:04:33.520><c> there</c>

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who served basically in the navy there
 

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who served basically in the navy there
were<00:04:33.840><c> also</c><00:04:34.080><c> black</c><00:04:34.400><c> men</c><00:04:35.040><c> who</c><00:04:35.280><c> served</c><00:04:35.680><c> in</c><00:04:35.759><c> the</c><00:04:35.919><c> uh</c>

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were also black men who served in the uh
 

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were also black men who served in the uh
army<00:04:36.720><c> as</c><00:04:36.960><c> as</c><00:04:37.199><c> well</c>

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army as as well
 

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army as as well
and<00:04:38.240><c> then</c><00:04:38.479><c> of</c><00:04:38.560><c> course</c><00:04:38.960><c> uh</c><00:04:39.520><c> the</c><00:04:39.919><c> u.s</c><00:04:40.320><c> civil</c><00:04:40.720><c> war</c>

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and then of course uh the u.s civil war
 

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and then of course uh the u.s civil war
in<00:04:42.800><c> 1862</c>

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the<00:04:46.320><c> there</c><00:04:46.560><c> was</c>

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the there was
 

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the there was
provision<00:04:48.240><c> made</c><00:04:48.639><c> for</c><00:04:48.880><c> black</c><00:04:49.199><c> men</c><00:04:49.840><c> to</c>

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provision made for black men to
 

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provision made for black men to
join<00:04:51.040><c> the</c><00:04:51.199><c> military</c><00:04:51.840><c> but</c><00:04:52.080><c> basically</c><00:04:53.040><c> as</c>

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join the military but basically as
 

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join the military but basically as
servants<00:04:55.840><c> well</c><00:04:56.160><c> not</c><00:04:56.320><c> so</c><00:04:56.479><c> much</c><00:04:56.639><c> servants</c><00:04:57.040><c> but</c>

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servants well not so much servants but
 

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servants well not so much servants but
also<00:04:57.600><c> as</c><00:04:57.759><c> to</c><00:04:57.919><c> help</c><00:04:58.160><c> the</c><00:04:58.800><c> u.s</c><00:04:59.199><c> government</c><00:05:00.080><c> and</c>

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also as to help the u.s government and
 

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also as to help the u.s government and
it<00:05:00.479><c> also</c><00:05:00.880><c> helped</c><00:05:01.600><c> establish</c><00:05:02.560><c> some</c><00:05:02.880><c> freedom</c>

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it also helped establish some freedom
 

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it also helped establish some freedom
for<00:05:03.360><c> them</c><00:05:03.600><c> but</c><00:05:03.759><c> then</c><00:05:04.000><c> again</c><00:05:04.639><c> in</c><00:05:04.840><c> 1863</c><00:05:05.840><c> with</c><00:05:06.000><c> the</c>

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for them but then again in 1863 with the
 

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for them but then again in 1863 with the
emancipation<00:05:06.800><c> proclamation</c><00:05:08.000><c> um</c><00:05:08.400><c> black</c><00:05:08.720><c> men</c>

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emancipation proclamation um black men
 

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emancipation proclamation um black men
were<00:05:09.199><c> taken</c><00:05:09.600><c> into</c>

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were taken into
 

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were taken into
the<00:05:10.560><c> u.s</c><00:05:11.039><c> army</c><00:05:11.680><c> as</c><00:05:11.919><c> well</c><00:05:12.080><c> as</c><00:05:12.320><c> the</c><00:05:12.400><c> navy</c><00:05:12.960><c> and</c>

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the u.s army as well as the navy and
 

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the u.s army as well as the navy and
basically<00:05:13.919><c> all</c><00:05:14.160><c> branches</c><00:05:14.720><c> of</c><00:05:14.960><c> the</c><00:05:15.120><c> federal</c>

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basically all branches of the federal
 

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basically all branches of the federal
government<00:05:16.160><c> except</c><00:05:16.560><c> the</c><00:05:17.120><c> marine</c><00:05:17.680><c> corps</c>

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government except the marine corps
 

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government except the marine corps
and<00:05:18.960><c> so</c><00:05:19.199><c> with</c><00:05:19.440><c> the</c>

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and so with the
 

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and so with the
advent<00:05:21.520><c> of</c><00:05:21.919><c> black</c><00:05:22.160><c> men</c><00:05:22.479><c> serving</c><00:05:23.440><c> in</c><00:05:23.520><c> the</c><00:05:23.680><c> u.s</c>

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advent of black men serving in the u.s
 

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advent of black men serving in the u.s
service<00:05:25.600><c> during</c><00:05:25.840><c> the</c><00:05:26.400><c> civil</c><00:05:26.800><c> war</c><00:05:27.520><c> you</c><00:05:27.759><c> had</c>

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service during the civil war you had
 

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service during the civil war you had
over<00:05:28.440><c> 185</c><00:05:29.520><c> 000</c><00:05:29.919><c> black</c><00:05:30.240><c> men</c><00:05:30.479><c> to</c><00:05:30.720><c> serve</c>

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over 185 000 black men to serve
 

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over 185 000 black men to serve
throughout<00:05:32.000><c> here</c><00:05:32.240><c> in</c><00:05:32.400><c> arkansas</c><00:05:33.039><c> there</c><00:05:33.199><c> were</c><00:05:33.440><c> 5</c>

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throughout here in arkansas there were 5
 

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throughout here in arkansas there were 5
526<00:05:36.000><c> black</c><00:05:36.320><c> men</c><00:05:36.639><c> who</c><00:05:37.199><c> were</c><00:05:37.440><c> initially</c><00:05:38.160><c> uh</c>

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526 black men who were initially uh
 

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526 black men who were initially uh
i<00:05:39.440><c> guess</c><00:05:39.600><c> what</c><00:05:39.759><c> he</c><00:05:39.840><c> would</c><00:05:40.000><c> call</c><00:05:40.160><c> it</c><00:05:40.800><c> dedicated</c>

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i guess what he would call it dedicated
 

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i guess what he would call it dedicated
or<00:05:42.080><c> to</c><00:05:42.240><c> the</c><00:05:42.479><c> state</c><00:05:42.720><c> of</c><00:05:42.880><c> arkansas</c>

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or to the state of arkansas
 

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or to the state of arkansas
but<00:05:44.320><c> in</c><00:05:44.479><c> addition</c><00:05:44.880><c> to</c><00:05:44.960><c> that</c><00:05:45.120><c> there</c><00:05:45.280><c> was</c>

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but in addition to that there was
 

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but in addition to that there was
probably<00:05:45.680><c> another</c><00:05:46.080><c> 5</c><00:05:46.479><c> 000</c><00:05:46.800><c> men</c><00:05:47.440><c> of</c><00:05:47.680><c> african</c>

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probably another 5 000 men of african
 

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probably another 5 000 men of african
descent<00:05:48.479><c> that</c><00:05:48.639><c> also</c><00:05:48.960><c> came</c><00:05:49.280><c> into</c><00:05:49.520><c> the</c><00:05:49.680><c> state</c>

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descent that also came into the state
 

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descent that also came into the state
and<00:05:50.080><c> served</c>

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and served
 

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and served
right<00:05:52.960><c> and</c><00:05:53.600><c> as</c><00:05:53.840><c> we</c><00:05:54.400><c> initially</c><00:05:55.280><c> talked</c><00:05:55.600><c> about</c>

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right and as we initially talked about
 

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right and as we initially talked about
at<00:05:56.160><c> the</c><00:05:56.319><c> beginning</c><00:05:57.039><c> of</c><00:05:57.199><c> the</c><00:05:57.360><c> civil</c><00:05:57.759><c> war</c>

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at the beginning of the civil war
 

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at the beginning of the civil war
uh

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uh
 

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uh
there<00:06:01.280><c> was</c><00:06:01.440><c> a</c><00:06:01.520><c> policy</c><00:06:01.919><c> where</c>

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there was a policy where
 

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there was a policy where
african-americans<00:06:02.880><c> were</c><00:06:03.120><c> actually</c><00:06:03.520><c> barred</c>

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african-americans were actually barred
 

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african-americans were actually barred
from<00:06:04.319><c> serving</c><00:06:04.720><c> in</c><00:06:05.360><c> in</c><00:06:05.440><c> the</c><00:06:05.600><c> army</c>

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from serving in in the army
 

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from serving in in the army
and<00:06:07.680><c> even</c><00:06:07.840><c> though</c><00:06:08.000><c> many</c><00:06:08.560><c> at</c><00:06:08.720><c> the</c><00:06:08.800><c> beginning</c><00:06:09.680><c> uh</c>

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and even though many at the beginning uh
 

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and even though many at the beginning uh
african-americans<00:06:11.680><c> in</c><00:06:11.759><c> the</c><00:06:11.919><c> north</c><00:06:12.319><c> wanted</c><00:06:12.560><c> to</c>

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african-americans in the north wanted to
 

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african-americans in the north wanted to
join

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join
 

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join
uh<00:06:13.919><c> the</c><00:06:14.160><c> union</c><00:06:14.880><c> army</c><00:06:15.199><c> they</c><00:06:15.360><c> were</c><00:06:15.520><c> turned</c><00:06:15.840><c> away</c>

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uh the union army they were turned away
 

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uh the union army they were turned away
but<00:06:17.199><c> can</c><00:06:17.360><c> you</c><00:06:17.600><c> take</c><00:06:17.840><c> us</c><00:06:18.000><c> through</c><00:06:18.240><c> how</c><00:06:18.479><c> that</c>

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but can you take us through how that
 

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but can you take us through how that
changed<00:06:19.280><c> and</c><00:06:19.440><c> why</c><00:06:19.680><c> that</c><00:06:20.000><c> exactly</c><00:06:20.560><c> changed</c><00:06:20.800><c> how</c>

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changed and why that exactly changed how
 

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changed and why that exactly changed how
the<00:06:21.120><c> lincoln</c><00:06:21.840><c> administration</c><00:06:22.479><c> and</c><00:06:22.560><c> the</c><00:06:22.639><c> war</c>

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the lincoln administration and the war
 

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the lincoln administration and the war
department<00:06:23.360><c> changed</c><00:06:23.680><c> their</c><00:06:23.919><c> views</c>

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department changed their views
 

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department changed their views
well<00:06:26.000><c> just</c><00:06:26.479><c> in</c><00:06:26.639><c> brief</c><00:06:27.120><c> um</c>

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well just in brief um
 

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well just in brief um
with<00:06:28.720><c> the</c><00:06:28.880><c> war</c><00:06:29.039><c> of</c><00:06:29.199><c> 1812</c><00:06:30.160><c> and</c><00:06:30.319><c> this</c><00:06:30.560><c> this</c><00:06:30.800><c> is</c><00:06:30.960><c> a</c>

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with the war of 1812 and this this is a
 

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with the war of 1812 and this this is a
passage<00:06:31.680><c> that</c><00:06:31.759><c> i'm</c><00:06:31.919><c> just</c><00:06:32.080><c> going</c><00:06:32.160><c> to</c><00:06:32.240><c> read</c><00:06:32.479><c> here</c>

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passage that i'm just going to read here
 

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passage that i'm just going to read here
briefly<00:06:33.520><c> it</c><00:06:33.759><c> said</c><00:06:34.000><c> that</c>

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briefly it said that
 

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briefly it said that
in<00:06:36.160><c> the</c><00:06:36.319><c> spring</c><00:06:36.720><c> of</c><00:06:36.880><c> 1815</c>

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in the spring of 1815
 

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in the spring of 1815
a<00:06:39.280><c> discharge</c><00:06:40.000><c> was</c><00:06:40.240><c> under</c><00:06:40.479><c> the</c><00:06:40.639><c> order</c><00:06:41.039><c> of</c><00:06:41.440><c> the</c>

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a discharge was under the order of the
 

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a discharge was under the order of the
water<00:06:42.000><c> park</c><00:06:42.319><c> directly</c><00:06:42.880><c> that</c><00:06:43.360><c> soldiers</c><00:06:43.919><c> of</c>

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water park directly that soldiers of
 

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water park directly that soldiers of
color<00:06:45.039><c> be</c><00:06:45.360><c> discharged</c>

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color be discharged
 

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color be discharged
the<00:06:47.759><c> register</c><00:06:48.319><c> of</c><00:06:48.400><c> this</c><00:06:48.720><c> discharge</c><00:06:49.360><c> and</c>

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the register of this discharge and
 

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the register of this discharge and
military<00:06:50.000><c> district</c><00:06:50.479><c> of</c><00:06:50.639><c> boston</c><00:06:51.360><c> bears</c><00:06:51.759><c> the</c>

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military district of boston bears the
 

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military district of boston bears the
following<00:06:52.319><c> remarks</c>

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following remarks
 

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following remarks
being<00:06:53.840><c> a</c><00:06:53.919><c> negro</c>

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being a negro
 

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being a negro
is<00:06:55.360><c> deemed</c><00:06:55.840><c> unfit</c><00:06:56.400><c> to</c><00:06:56.639><c> associate</c>

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is deemed unfit to associate
 

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is deemed unfit to associate
with

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with
 

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with
americans

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americans
 

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americans
and<00:07:01.599><c> not</c><00:07:01.919><c> fit</c><00:07:02.160><c> to</c><00:07:02.319><c> accompany</c><00:07:02.880><c> american</c>

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and not fit to accompany american
 

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and not fit to accompany american
soldiers<00:07:04.319><c> so</c><00:07:04.479><c> this</c><00:07:04.720><c> is</c><00:07:04.960><c> uh</c><00:07:05.280><c> in</c><00:07:05.639><c> 1815</c>

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soldiers so this is uh in 1815
 

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soldiers so this is uh in 1815
and<00:07:07.440><c> then</c><00:07:07.759><c> in</c><00:07:08.000><c> 1820</c>

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and then in 1820
 

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and then in 1820
there<00:07:09.840><c> was</c><00:07:10.080><c> a</c><00:07:10.319><c> law</c><00:07:10.560><c> that</c><00:07:10.720><c> was</c><00:07:10.880><c> passed</c><00:07:11.199><c> by</c><00:07:11.680><c> an</c>

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there was a law that was passed by an
 

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there was a law that was passed by an
act<00:07:12.080><c> by</c><00:07:12.400><c> congress</c><00:07:13.199><c> that</c><00:07:13.360><c> basically</c><00:07:13.919><c> said</c><00:07:14.080><c> that</c>

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act by congress that basically said that
 

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act by congress that basically said that
no<00:07:14.560><c> negroes</c><00:07:15.120><c> or</c><00:07:15.280><c> malachos</c><00:07:16.400><c> would</c><00:07:16.639><c> be</c><00:07:16.800><c> received</c>

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no negroes or malachos would be received
 

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no negroes or malachos would be received
as<00:07:17.680><c> recruits</c>

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as recruits
 

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as recruits
of<00:07:18.880><c> the</c><00:07:19.039><c> us</c><00:07:19.599><c> army</c><00:07:20.400><c> so</c><00:07:20.639><c> those</c><00:07:20.960><c> were</c>

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of the us army so those were
 

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of the us army so those were
legislative<00:07:22.960><c> acts</c>

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legislative acts
 

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legislative acts
that<00:07:24.319><c> were</c><00:07:24.560><c> done</c><00:07:25.280><c> that</c><00:07:25.520><c> actually</c><00:07:26.000><c> barred</c>

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that were done that actually barred
 

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that were done that actually barred
black<00:07:26.720><c> men</c><00:07:26.960><c> from</c><00:07:27.280><c> serving</c>

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black men from serving
 

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black men from serving
in<00:07:28.400><c> the</c><00:07:28.560><c> military</c><00:07:29.680><c> after</c><00:07:30.000><c> 1820.</c>

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in the military after 1820.
 

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in the military after 1820.
even<00:07:32.160><c> though</c><00:07:32.479><c> the</c><00:07:32.639><c> mexican</c><00:07:33.120><c> war</c><00:07:33.360><c> there</c><00:07:33.520><c> were</c>

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even though the mexican war there were
 

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even though the mexican war there were
some<00:07:33.840><c> black</c><00:07:34.160><c> men</c><00:07:34.800><c> who</c><00:07:35.039><c> served</c><00:07:35.440><c> i</c><00:07:35.599><c> think</c><00:07:35.759><c> was</c><00:07:36.000><c> a</c>

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some black men who served i think was a
 

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some black men who served i think was a
thousand<00:07:36.800><c> blacks</c><00:07:37.280><c> being</c><00:07:37.599><c> served</c><00:07:37.919><c> in</c><00:07:38.000><c> the</c><00:07:38.160><c> navy</c>

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thousand blacks being served in the navy
 

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thousand blacks being served in the navy
during<00:07:39.360><c> the</c><00:07:39.759><c> mexican</c><00:07:40.319><c> war</c>

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right<00:07:44.800><c> and</c><00:07:45.039><c> so</c><00:07:45.680><c> that</c><00:07:46.319><c> that</c><00:07:46.639><c> policy</c><00:07:47.039><c> is</c><00:07:47.199><c> in</c>

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right and so that that policy is in
 

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right and so that that policy is in
effect<00:07:48.160><c> as</c><00:07:48.400><c> the</c><00:07:48.560><c> civil</c><00:07:48.879><c> war</c><00:07:49.120><c> begins</c>

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effect as the civil war begins
 

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effect as the civil war begins
and

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and
 

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and
what<00:07:52.400><c> really</c><00:07:52.800><c> changes</c><00:07:53.759><c> how</c><00:07:53.919><c> does</c><00:07:54.319><c> how</c><00:07:54.479><c> does</c>

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what really changes how does how does
 

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what really changes how does how does
the<00:07:54.800><c> united</c><00:07:55.120><c> states</c><00:07:55.520><c> government</c>

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the united states government
 

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the united states government
change<00:07:56.879><c> its</c><00:07:57.039><c> mind</c><00:07:57.520><c> and</c><00:07:58.000><c> allow</c><00:07:58.560><c> with</c><00:07:58.720><c> the</c>

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change its mind and allow with the
 

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change its mind and allow with the
creation<00:07:59.360><c> of</c><00:07:59.520><c> what</c><00:07:59.680><c> would</c><00:07:59.840><c> be</c><00:08:00.000><c> the</c><00:08:00.160><c> united</c>

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creation of what would be the united
 

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creation of what would be the united
states<00:08:00.720><c> colored</c>

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states colored
 

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states colored
well

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well
 

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well
a<00:08:03.599><c> lot</c><00:08:03.759><c> of</c><00:08:03.919><c> people</c><00:08:04.160><c> a</c><00:08:04.240><c> lot</c><00:08:04.400><c> of</c><00:08:04.479><c> historians</c><00:08:05.039><c> have</c>

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a lot of people a lot of historians have
 

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a lot of people a lot of historians have
argued<00:08:05.520><c> for</c><00:08:05.680><c> years</c><00:08:06.000><c> that</c><00:08:06.319><c> the</c><00:08:06.560><c> civil</c><00:08:06.879><c> war</c><00:08:07.120><c> is</c>

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argued for years that the civil war is
 

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argued for years that the civil war is
not<00:08:07.360><c> about</c><00:08:07.680><c> slavery</c><00:08:08.160><c> but</c><00:08:08.319><c> it</c><00:08:08.400><c> was</c><00:08:08.639><c> about</c>

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not about slavery but it was about
 

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not about slavery but it was about
slavery

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slavery
 

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slavery
and<00:08:10.319><c> so</c><00:08:10.800><c> uh</c><00:08:11.280><c> with</c><00:08:11.520><c> the</c>

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and so uh with the
 

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and so uh with the
vicksburg<00:08:13.039><c> campaign</c><00:08:13.840><c> which</c><00:08:14.160><c> uh</c><00:08:14.639><c> until</c><00:08:15.120><c> was</c><00:08:15.360><c> in</c>

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vicksburg campaign which uh until was in
 

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vicksburg campaign which uh until was in
the

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the
 

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the
mississippi<00:08:17.039><c> valley</c>

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mississippi valley
 

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mississippi valley
there<00:08:18.400><c> was</c><00:08:18.639><c> a</c><00:08:18.720><c> great</c><00:08:19.039><c> need</c><00:08:19.440><c> for</c><00:08:19.919><c> uh</c><00:08:20.400><c> men</c><00:08:20.879><c> to</c>

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there was a great need for uh men to
 

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there was a great need for uh men to
serve

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serve
 

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serve
and<00:08:22.479><c> so</c><00:08:22.879><c> the</c><00:08:23.280><c> mississippi</c><00:08:23.919><c> valley</c><00:08:24.319><c> because</c><00:08:24.800><c> of</c>

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and so the mississippi valley because of
 

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and so the mississippi valley because of
mosquitoes<00:08:26.479><c> malaria</c><00:08:27.120><c> and</c><00:08:27.280><c> so</c><00:08:27.520><c> forth</c><00:08:27.840><c> there</c>

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mosquitoes malaria and so forth there
 

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mosquitoes malaria and so forth there
were<00:08:28.160><c> men</c><00:08:28.400><c> that</c><00:08:28.560><c> did</c><00:08:28.800><c> not</c><00:08:29.120><c> want</c><00:08:29.440><c> to</c><00:08:29.840><c> actually</c>

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were men that did not want to actually
 

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were men that did not want to actually
serve<00:08:31.039><c> in</c><00:08:31.199><c> the</c><00:08:31.360><c> u.s</c><00:08:31.680><c> army</c><00:08:32.000><c> matter</c><00:08:32.159><c> of</c><00:08:32.240><c> fact</c><00:08:32.479><c> in</c>

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serve in the u.s army matter of fact in
 

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serve in the u.s army matter of fact in
1863

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1863
 

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1863
there<00:08:34.399><c> was</c><00:08:34.640><c> a</c><00:08:34.800><c> draft</c><00:08:35.279><c> riot</c><00:08:35.760><c> because</c><00:08:36.159><c> there</c>

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there was a draft riot because there
 

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there was a draft riot because there
were

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were
 

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were
white<00:08:37.360><c> men</c><00:08:38.000><c> irishman</c><00:08:38.560><c> and</c><00:08:38.719><c> all</c><00:08:39.120><c> that</c><00:08:39.279><c> didn't</c>

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white men irishman and all that didn't
 

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white men irishman and all that didn't
want<00:08:39.680><c> to</c><00:08:39.839><c> serve</c><00:08:40.159><c> and</c><00:08:40.240><c> they</c><00:08:40.399><c> also</c><00:08:40.800><c> basically</c>

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want to serve and they also basically
 

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want to serve and they also basically
said<00:08:41.680><c> they</c><00:08:41.839><c> didn't</c><00:08:42.000><c> want</c><00:08:42.159><c> to</c><00:08:42.240><c> go</c><00:08:42.399><c> into</c><00:08:42.560><c> the</c>

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said they didn't want to go into the
 

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said they didn't want to go into the
service<00:08:43.039><c> to</c><00:08:43.200><c> free</c><00:08:43.440><c> negroes</c>

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service to free negroes
 

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service to free negroes
and<00:08:44.959><c> so</c><00:08:45.519><c> what</c><00:08:45.839><c> uh</c><00:08:46.480><c> lincoln</c><00:08:46.880><c> did</c>

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and so what uh lincoln did
 

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and so what uh lincoln did
was<00:08:48.000><c> expand</c><00:08:48.640><c> by</c><00:08:49.279><c> sending</c><00:08:50.000><c> um</c>

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was expand by sending um
 

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was expand by sending um
his<00:08:51.360><c> general</c><00:08:52.080><c> uh</c><00:08:52.399><c> to</c>

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his general uh to
 

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his general uh to
to

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to
 

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to
basically<00:08:54.880><c> to</c><00:08:55.040><c> the</c><00:08:55.279><c> south</c><00:08:55.839><c> uh</c><00:08:56.080><c> to</c><00:08:56.240><c> helena</c>

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basically to the south uh to helena
 

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basically to the south uh to helena
arkansas

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arkansas
 

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arkansas
and<00:08:58.240><c> this</c><00:08:58.480><c> is</c><00:08:58.640><c> where</c><00:08:58.959><c> on</c>

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and this is where on
 

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and this is where on
april<00:09:01.360><c> 6</c>

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april 6
 

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april 6
1863<00:09:03.760><c> uh</c><00:09:04.000><c> general</c><00:09:04.240><c> lorenzo</c><00:09:04.880><c> thomas</c><00:09:05.839><c> one</c><00:09:06.000><c> of</c>

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1863 uh general lorenzo thomas one of
 

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1863 uh general lorenzo thomas one of
the<00:09:06.240><c> highest</c><00:09:06.640><c> ranking</c><00:09:07.040><c> black</c><00:09:07.360><c> i</c><00:09:07.440><c> mean</c><00:09:07.600><c> i'm</c>

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the highest ranking black i mean i'm
 

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the highest ranking black i mean i'm
sorry<00:09:08.000><c> one</c><00:09:08.160><c> of</c><00:09:08.240><c> the</c><00:09:08.320><c> highest</c><00:09:08.640><c> ranking</c>

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sorry one of the highest ranking
 

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sorry one of the highest ranking
officers<00:09:10.240><c> uh</c><00:09:10.560><c> in</c><00:09:10.720><c> the</c><00:09:10.800><c> u.s</c><00:09:11.200><c> army</c>

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officers uh in the u.s army
 

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officers uh in the u.s army
presented<00:09:12.640><c> before</c><00:09:13.200><c> over</c><00:09:13.519><c> seven</c><00:09:13.920><c> thousand</c><00:09:14.560><c> uh</c>

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presented before over seven thousand uh
 

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presented before over seven thousand uh
white<00:09:15.920><c> soldiers</c>

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white soldiers
 

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white soldiers
the<00:09:17.360><c> policy</c><00:09:18.080><c> of</c><00:09:18.240><c> the</c><00:09:18.320><c> emancipation</c>

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the policy of the emancipation
 

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the policy of the emancipation
proclamation<00:09:20.160><c> and</c><00:09:20.320><c> also</c><00:09:20.720><c> again</c>

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proclamation and also again
 

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proclamation and also again
the<00:09:21.839><c> introduction</c><00:09:22.640><c> of</c><00:09:23.200><c> using</c><00:09:23.600><c> black</c><00:09:23.920><c> men</c><00:09:24.640><c> as</c>

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the introduction of using black men as
 

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the introduction of using black men as
military<00:09:25.680><c> men</c>

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and

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and
 

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and
um

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um
 

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um
as<00:09:31.279><c> we</c><00:09:31.440><c> know</c><00:09:31.600><c> from</c><00:09:31.760><c> history</c><00:09:32.640><c> uh</c>

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as we know from history uh
 

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as we know from history uh
usct<00:09:34.240><c> troops</c><00:09:34.640><c> are</c><00:09:34.959><c> starting</c><00:09:35.760><c> or</c><00:09:36.080><c> starting</c><00:09:36.320><c> to</c>

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usct troops are starting or starting to
 

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usct troops are starting or starting to
be<00:09:36.560><c> used</c><00:09:36.800><c> around</c><00:09:37.120><c> the</c><00:09:37.279><c> country</c>

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be used around the country
 

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be used around the country
uh<00:09:38.560><c> particularly</c><00:09:39.200><c> with</c><00:09:39.680><c> black</c><00:09:40.000><c> soldiers</c><00:09:40.480><c> in</c>

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uh particularly with black soldiers in
 

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uh particularly with black soldiers in
arkansas<00:09:41.200><c> could</c><00:09:41.440><c> you</c><00:09:41.600><c> speak</c><00:09:42.000><c> to</c>

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arkansas could you speak to
 

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arkansas could you speak to
some<00:09:42.880><c> of</c><00:09:43.040><c> the</c><00:09:43.200><c> battles</c>

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some of the battles
 

00:09:45.600 --> 00:09:47.750 align:start position:0%
some of the battles
that<00:09:46.240><c> black</c><00:09:46.560><c> soldiers</c><00:09:47.040><c> in</c><00:09:47.200><c> arkansas</c>

00:09:47.750 --> 00:09:47.760 align:start position:0%
that black soldiers in arkansas
 

00:09:47.760 --> 00:09:49.350 align:start position:0%
that black soldiers in arkansas
distinguish<00:09:48.399><c> themselves</c><00:09:48.880><c> because</c><00:09:49.040><c> there's</c><00:09:49.279><c> a</c>

00:09:49.350 --> 00:09:49.360 align:start position:0%
distinguish themselves because there's a
 

00:09:49.360 --> 00:09:51.670 align:start position:0%
distinguish themselves because there's a
number<00:09:50.160><c> of</c><00:09:50.320><c> units</c>

00:09:51.670 --> 00:09:51.680 align:start position:0%
number of units
 

00:09:51.680 --> 00:09:53.670 align:start position:0%
number of units
in<00:09:51.920><c> arkansas</c><00:09:52.480><c> during</c><00:09:52.640><c> the</c><00:09:52.800><c> time</c><00:09:53.120><c> of</c><00:09:53.200><c> the</c><00:09:53.360><c> war</c>

00:09:53.670 --> 00:09:53.680 align:start position:0%
in arkansas during the time of the war
 

00:09:53.680 --> 00:09:55.910 align:start position:0%
in arkansas during the time of the war
there<00:09:53.839><c> was</c><00:09:54.320><c> at</c><00:09:54.480><c> least</c>

00:09:55.910 --> 00:09:55.920 align:start position:0%
there was at least
 

00:09:55.920 --> 00:09:58.150 align:start position:0%
there was at least
30<00:09:56.399><c> major</c><00:09:57.120><c> minor</c>

00:09:58.150 --> 00:09:58.160 align:start position:0%
30 major minor
 

00:09:58.160 --> 00:10:00.230 align:start position:0%
30 major minor
engagements<00:09:58.880><c> that</c><00:09:59.440><c> black</c><00:09:59.760><c> troops</c>

00:10:00.230 --> 00:10:00.240 align:start position:0%
engagements that black troops
 

00:10:00.240 --> 00:10:01.990 align:start position:0%
engagements that black troops
participated<00:10:00.959><c> in</c>

00:10:01.990 --> 00:10:02.000 align:start position:0%
participated in
 

00:10:02.000 --> 00:10:03.990 align:start position:0%
participated in
believe<00:10:02.240><c> it</c><00:10:02.320><c> or</c><00:10:02.480><c> not</c><00:10:02.720><c> there</c><00:10:02.880><c> were</c><00:10:03.279><c> black</c><00:10:03.600><c> men</c>

00:10:03.990 --> 00:10:04.000 align:start position:0%
believe it or not there were black men
 

00:10:04.000 --> 00:10:05.910 align:start position:0%
believe it or not there were black men
and<00:10:04.079><c> black</c><00:10:04.399><c> soldiers</c><00:10:05.200><c> at</c><00:10:05.360><c> the</c><00:10:05.519><c> battle</c><00:10:05.760><c> of</c>

00:10:05.910 --> 00:10:05.920 align:start position:0%
and black soldiers at the battle of
 

00:10:05.920 --> 00:10:08.710 align:start position:0%
and black soldiers at the battle of
helena<00:10:06.800><c> uh</c><00:10:07.200><c> several</c><00:10:07.600><c> of</c><00:10:07.760><c> them</c><00:10:07.920><c> were</c><00:10:08.160><c> wounded</c>

00:10:08.710 --> 00:10:08.720 align:start position:0%
helena uh several of them were wounded
 

00:10:08.720 --> 00:10:10.949 align:start position:0%
helena uh several of them were wounded
uh<00:10:08.959><c> there</c><00:10:09.279><c> to</c><00:10:09.440><c> battle</c><00:10:09.760><c> even</c><00:10:10.000><c> though</c><00:10:10.560><c> they</c><00:10:10.800><c> had</c>

00:10:10.949 --> 00:10:10.959 align:start position:0%
uh there to battle even though they had
 

00:10:10.959 --> 00:10:13.110 align:start position:0%
uh there to battle even though they had
only<00:10:11.120><c> been</c><00:10:11.360><c> in</c><00:10:11.519><c> this</c><00:10:11.680><c> service</c><00:10:12.079><c> only</c><00:10:12.640><c> for</c><00:10:12.959><c> about</c>

00:10:13.110 --> 00:10:13.120 align:start position:0%
only been in this service only for about
 

00:10:13.120 --> 00:10:15.910 align:start position:0%
only been in this service only for about
a<00:10:13.279><c> month</c><00:10:13.519><c> or</c><00:10:13.680><c> so</c><00:10:14.320><c> uh</c><00:10:14.640><c> they</c><00:10:14.880><c> were</c><00:10:15.120><c> placed</c><00:10:15.519><c> in</c><00:10:15.680><c> a</c>

00:10:15.910 --> 00:10:15.920 align:start position:0%
a month or so uh they were placed in a
 

00:10:15.920 --> 00:10:17.509 align:start position:0%
a month or so uh they were placed in a
situation<00:10:16.560><c> where</c><00:10:16.959><c> they're</c><00:10:17.120><c> trying</c><00:10:17.279><c> to</c><00:10:17.360><c> keep</c>

00:10:17.509 --> 00:10:17.519 align:start position:0%
situation where they're trying to keep
 

00:10:17.519 --> 00:10:19.750 align:start position:0%
situation where they're trying to keep
them<00:10:17.760><c> out</c><00:10:17.839><c> of</c><00:10:17.920><c> harm's</c><00:10:18.320><c> way</c><00:10:18.880><c> but</c><00:10:19.040><c> they</c><00:10:19.440><c> some</c><00:10:19.680><c> of</c>

00:10:19.750 --> 00:10:19.760 align:start position:0%
them out of harm's way but they some of
 

00:10:19.760 --> 00:10:22.630 align:start position:0%
them out of harm's way but they some of
them<00:10:19.839><c> were</c><00:10:20.160><c> man</c><00:10:20.640><c> uh</c><00:10:20.880><c> were</c><00:10:21.120><c> armed</c><00:10:21.920><c> and</c><00:10:22.240><c> but</c><00:10:22.399><c> well</c>

00:10:22.630 --> 00:10:22.640 align:start position:0%
them were man uh were armed and but well
 

00:10:22.640 --> 00:10:25.110 align:start position:0%
them were man uh were armed and but well
it's<00:10:22.800><c> also</c><00:10:23.120><c> wounded</c><00:10:23.519><c> by</c><00:10:23.680><c> artillery</c><00:10:24.240><c> shield</c><00:10:24.560><c> by</c>

00:10:25.110 --> 00:10:25.120 align:start position:0%
it's also wounded by artillery shield by
 

00:10:25.120 --> 00:10:26.550 align:start position:0%
it's also wounded by artillery shield by
confederate<00:10:25.680><c> fire</c>

00:10:26.550 --> 00:10:26.560 align:start position:0%
confederate fire
 

00:10:26.560 --> 00:10:27.430 align:start position:0%
confederate fire
um

00:10:27.430 --> 00:10:27.440 align:start position:0%
um
 

00:10:27.440 --> 00:10:29.190 align:start position:0%
um
the<00:10:27.600><c> others</c><00:10:28.240><c> that</c><00:10:28.480><c> a</c><00:10:28.560><c> lot</c><00:10:28.720><c> of</c><00:10:28.800><c> people</c><00:10:28.959><c> don't</c>

00:10:29.190 --> 00:10:29.200 align:start position:0%
the others that a lot of people don't
 

00:10:29.200 --> 00:10:31.030 align:start position:0%
the others that a lot of people don't
know<00:10:29.440><c> is</c><00:10:29.519><c> the</c><00:10:29.920><c> battle</c><00:10:30.240><c> of</c><00:10:30.399><c> pine</c><00:10:30.720><c> bluff</c>

00:10:31.030 --> 00:10:31.040 align:start position:0%
know is the battle of pine bluff
 

00:10:31.040 --> 00:10:33.910 align:start position:0%
know is the battle of pine bluff
arkansas<00:10:32.160><c> in</c><00:10:32.360><c> 1863</c>

00:10:33.910 --> 00:10:33.920 align:start position:0%
arkansas in 1863
 

00:10:33.920 --> 00:10:37.670 align:start position:0%
arkansas in 1863
uh<00:10:34.480><c> after</c><00:10:34.800><c> the</c><00:10:35.360><c> defeat</c><00:10:36.320><c> or</c><00:10:36.560><c> the</c><00:10:37.040><c> of</c><00:10:37.440><c> little</c>

00:10:37.670 --> 00:10:37.680 align:start position:0%
uh after the defeat or the of little
 

00:10:37.680 --> 00:10:40.470 align:start position:0%
uh after the defeat or the of little
rock<00:10:38.480><c> uh</c><00:10:39.040><c> black</c><00:10:39.360><c> troops</c><00:10:39.680><c> were</c><00:10:39.839><c> being</c><00:10:40.160><c> raised</c>

00:10:40.470 --> 00:10:40.480 align:start position:0%
rock uh black troops were being raised
 

00:10:40.480 --> 00:10:42.310 align:start position:0%
rock uh black troops were being raised
in<00:10:40.640><c> private</c><00:10:40.880><c> bluff</c><00:10:41.279><c> arkansas</c>

00:10:42.310 --> 00:10:42.320 align:start position:0%
in private bluff arkansas
 

00:10:42.320 --> 00:10:44.230 align:start position:0%
in private bluff arkansas
and<00:10:42.560><c> two</c><00:10:42.800><c> companies</c><00:10:43.279><c> were</c><00:10:43.440><c> there</c><00:10:43.839><c> during</c><00:10:44.079><c> the</c>

00:10:44.230 --> 00:10:44.240 align:start position:0%
and two companies were there during the
 

00:10:44.240 --> 00:10:46.790 align:start position:0%
and two companies were there during the
time<00:10:44.880><c> of</c><00:10:44.959><c> the</c><00:10:45.120><c> battle</c><00:10:45.440><c> of</c><00:10:45.519><c> pine</c><00:10:45.920><c> bluff</c>

00:10:46.790 --> 00:10:46.800 align:start position:0%
time of the battle of pine bluff
 

00:10:46.800 --> 00:10:48.870 align:start position:0%
time of the battle of pine bluff
and<00:10:46.959><c> then</c><00:10:47.120><c> those</c><00:10:47.440><c> that</c><00:10:48.079><c> people</c><00:10:48.399><c> probably</c><00:10:48.720><c> know</c>

00:10:48.870 --> 00:10:48.880 align:start position:0%
and then those that people probably know
 

00:10:48.880 --> 00:10:49.910 align:start position:0%
and then those that people probably know
more<00:10:49.120><c> about</c>

00:10:49.910 --> 00:10:49.920 align:start position:0%
more about
 

00:10:49.920 --> 00:10:52.949 align:start position:0%
more about
is<00:10:50.160><c> uh</c><00:10:50.399><c> poison</c><00:10:50.880><c> springs</c><00:10:51.360><c> arkansas</c><00:10:52.160><c> where</c><00:10:52.800><c> the</c>

00:10:52.949 --> 00:10:52.959 align:start position:0%
is uh poison springs arkansas where the
 

00:10:52.959 --> 00:10:54.870 align:start position:0%
is uh poison springs arkansas where the
first<00:10:53.279><c> kansas</c><00:10:53.760><c> colored</c><00:10:54.160><c> and</c><00:10:54.320><c> then</c><00:10:54.560><c> also</c>

00:10:54.870 --> 00:10:54.880 align:start position:0%
first kansas colored and then also
 

00:10:54.880 --> 00:10:57.269 align:start position:0%
first kansas colored and then also
there's<00:10:55.279><c> jenkins</c><00:10:55.680><c> ferry</c><00:10:56.399><c> and</c><00:10:56.560><c> those</c><00:10:56.880><c> goes</c><00:10:57.120><c> on</c>

00:10:57.269 --> 00:10:57.279 align:start position:0%
there's jenkins ferry and those goes on
 

00:10:57.279 --> 00:10:58.630 align:start position:0%
there's jenkins ferry and those goes on
and<00:10:57.440><c> all</c><00:10:57.680><c> of</c><00:10:57.760><c> those</c>

00:10:58.630 --> 00:10:58.640 align:start position:0%
and all of those
 

00:10:58.640 --> 00:11:02.389 align:start position:0%
and all of those
men<00:10:58.959><c> serving</c><00:10:59.440><c> uh</c><00:10:59.760><c> us</c><00:11:00.399><c> uct</c><00:11:01.519><c> serving</c><00:11:01.920><c> in</c><00:11:02.000><c> battle</c>

00:11:02.389 --> 00:11:02.399 align:start position:0%
men serving uh us uct serving in battle
 

00:11:02.399 --> 00:11:04.470 align:start position:0%
men serving uh us uct serving in battle
in<00:11:02.560><c> arkansas</c>

00:11:04.470 --> 00:11:04.480 align:start position:0%
in arkansas
 

00:11:04.480 --> 00:11:07.190 align:start position:0%
in arkansas
and

00:11:07.190 --> 00:11:07.200 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:11:07.200 --> 00:11:08.230 align:start position:0%
 
there<00:11:07.360><c> was</c>

00:11:08.230 --> 00:11:08.240 align:start position:0%
there was
 

00:11:08.240 --> 00:11:10.230 align:start position:0%
there was
a<00:11:08.320><c> lot</c><00:11:08.480><c> of</c><00:11:08.640><c> resentment</c><00:11:09.200><c> particularly</c><00:11:09.839><c> among</c>

00:11:10.230 --> 00:11:10.240 align:start position:0%
a lot of resentment particularly among
 

00:11:10.240 --> 00:11:12.150 align:start position:0%
a lot of resentment particularly among
southern<00:11:10.640><c> troops</c><00:11:11.120><c> to</c><00:11:11.279><c> having</c><00:11:11.680><c> to</c><00:11:11.839><c> fight</c>

00:11:12.150 --> 00:11:12.160 align:start position:0%
southern troops to having to fight
 

00:11:12.160 --> 00:11:14.949 align:start position:0%
southern troops to having to fight
against<00:11:12.959><c> uh</c><00:11:13.279><c> black</c><00:11:13.600><c> troops</c><00:11:14.079><c> and</c><00:11:14.160><c> this</c><00:11:14.560><c> leads</c>

00:11:14.949 --> 00:11:14.959 align:start position:0%
against uh black troops and this leads
 

00:11:14.959 --> 00:11:15.829 align:start position:0%
against uh black troops and this leads
to

00:11:15.829 --> 00:11:15.839 align:start position:0%
to
 

00:11:15.839 --> 00:11:19.110 align:start position:0%
to
a<00:11:16.560><c> dark</c><00:11:17.040><c> chapter</c><00:11:17.680><c> in</c><00:11:18.240><c> civil</c><00:11:18.480><c> war</c><00:11:18.640><c> history</c>

00:11:19.110 --> 00:11:19.120 align:start position:0%
a dark chapter in civil war history
 

00:11:19.120 --> 00:11:20.630 align:start position:0%
a dark chapter in civil war history
particularly<00:11:19.600><c> here</c><00:11:19.760><c> in</c><00:11:19.920><c> arkansas</c><00:11:20.480><c> at</c><00:11:20.560><c> the</c>

00:11:20.630 --> 00:11:20.640 align:start position:0%
particularly here in arkansas at the
 

00:11:20.640 --> 00:11:22.550 align:start position:0%
particularly here in arkansas at the
battle<00:11:20.880><c> of</c><00:11:21.040><c> poison</c><00:11:21.440><c> springs</c>

00:11:22.550 --> 00:11:22.560 align:start position:0%
battle of poison springs
 

00:11:22.560 --> 00:11:23.350 align:start position:0%
battle of poison springs
where

00:11:23.350 --> 00:11:23.360 align:start position:0%
where
 

00:11:23.360 --> 00:11:25.190 align:start position:0%
where
surrendering<00:11:24.240><c> uh</c>

00:11:25.190 --> 00:11:25.200 align:start position:0%
surrendering uh
 

00:11:25.200 --> 00:11:28.710 align:start position:0%
surrendering uh
black<00:11:25.519><c> troops</c><00:11:26.160><c> are</c><00:11:26.720><c> basically</c><00:11:27.279><c> massacred</c>

00:11:28.710 --> 00:11:28.720 align:start position:0%
black troops are basically massacred
 

00:11:28.720 --> 00:11:29.990 align:start position:0%
black troops are basically massacred
yeah

00:11:29.990 --> 00:11:30.000 align:start position:0%
yeah
 

00:11:30.000 --> 00:11:33.190 align:start position:0%
yeah
the<00:11:30.240><c> battle</c><00:11:30.560><c> of</c><00:11:30.800><c> poison</c><00:11:31.279><c> spring</c><00:11:31.760><c> goes</c><00:11:32.320><c> back</c><00:11:32.640><c> to</c>

00:11:33.190 --> 00:11:33.200 align:start position:0%
the battle of poison spring goes back to
 

00:11:33.200 --> 00:11:34.310 align:start position:0%
the battle of poison spring goes back to
uh

00:11:34.310 --> 00:11:34.320 align:start position:0%
uh
 

00:11:34.320 --> 00:11:36.310 align:start position:0%
uh
i<00:11:34.480><c> guess</c><00:11:34.640><c> sort</c><00:11:34.800><c> of</c><00:11:34.880><c> a</c><00:11:35.040><c> payback</c><00:11:35.600><c> for</c><00:11:35.839><c> the</c><00:11:36.000><c> battle</c>

00:11:36.310 --> 00:11:36.320 align:start position:0%
i guess sort of a payback for the battle
 

00:11:36.320 --> 00:11:37.829 align:start position:0%
i guess sort of a payback for the battle
of<00:11:36.399><c> honey's</c><00:11:36.800><c> friends</c>

00:11:37.829 --> 00:11:37.839 align:start position:0%
of honey's friends
 

00:11:37.839 --> 00:11:40.630 align:start position:0%
of honey's friends
in<00:11:38.160><c> indian</c><00:11:38.560><c> territory</c>

00:11:40.630 --> 00:11:40.640 align:start position:0%
in indian territory
 

00:11:40.640 --> 00:11:42.310 align:start position:0%
in indian territory
what<00:11:40.880><c> a</c><00:11:40.959><c> lot</c><00:11:41.120><c> of</c><00:11:41.200><c> people</c><00:11:41.440><c> don't</c><00:11:41.600><c> realize</c><00:11:42.160><c> as</c>

00:11:42.310 --> 00:11:42.320 align:start position:0%
what a lot of people don't realize as
 

00:11:42.320 --> 00:11:43.430 align:start position:0%
what a lot of people don't realize as
well<00:11:42.560><c> is</c><00:11:42.720><c> that</c>

00:11:43.430 --> 00:11:43.440 align:start position:0%
well is that
 

00:11:43.440 --> 00:11:46.470 align:start position:0%
well is that
uh<00:11:44.000><c> native</c><00:11:44.399><c> troops</c><00:11:45.040><c> indian</c><00:11:45.360><c> home</c><00:11:45.680><c> guards</c><00:11:46.079><c> also</c>

00:11:46.470 --> 00:11:46.480 align:start position:0%
uh native troops indian home guards also
 

00:11:46.480 --> 00:11:49.350 align:start position:0%
uh native troops indian home guards also
had<00:11:46.720><c> a</c><00:11:46.800><c> good</c><00:11:47.040><c> number</c><00:11:47.760><c> of</c><00:11:48.000><c> black</c><00:11:48.399><c> men</c><00:11:48.800><c> as</c><00:11:49.040><c> a</c><00:11:49.120><c> part</c>

00:11:49.350 --> 00:11:49.360 align:start position:0%
had a good number of black men as a part
 

00:11:49.360 --> 00:11:52.230 align:start position:0%
had a good number of black men as a part
of<00:11:49.440><c> them</c><00:11:49.920><c> and</c><00:11:50.320><c> and</c><00:11:50.480><c> not</c><00:11:50.639><c> only</c><00:11:50.800><c> allude</c><00:11:51.200><c> to</c><00:11:51.839><c> uh</c>

00:11:52.230 --> 00:11:52.240 align:start position:0%
of them and and not only allude to uh
 

00:11:52.240 --> 00:11:55.829 align:start position:0%
of them and and not only allude to uh
december<00:11:53.360><c> of</c><00:11:53.560><c> 1862</c><00:11:54.800><c> at</c><00:11:54.880><c> the</c><00:11:55.040><c> battle</c><00:11:55.440><c> of</c>

00:11:55.829 --> 00:11:55.839 align:start position:0%
december of 1862 at the battle of
 

00:11:55.839 --> 00:11:57.269 align:start position:0%
december of 1862 at the battle of
prairie<00:11:56.240><c> grove</c>

00:11:57.269 --> 00:11:57.279 align:start position:0%
prairie grove
 

00:11:57.279 --> 00:12:00.310 align:start position:0%
prairie grove
there<00:11:57.519><c> was</c><00:11:58.079><c> the</c><00:11:58.240><c> first</c><00:11:58.639><c> indian</c><00:11:59.040><c> home</c><00:11:59.360><c> guards</c>

00:12:00.310 --> 00:12:00.320 align:start position:0%
there was the first indian home guards
 

00:12:00.320 --> 00:12:03.509 align:start position:0%
there was the first indian home guards
and<00:12:00.880><c> there</c><00:12:01.040><c> was</c><00:12:01.200><c> a</c><00:12:01.279><c> report</c><00:12:01.760><c> that</c><00:12:02.399><c> several</c>

00:12:03.509 --> 00:12:03.519 align:start position:0%
and there was a report that several
 

00:12:03.519 --> 00:12:06.150 align:start position:0%
and there was a report that several
black<00:12:04.079><c> men</c><00:12:04.399><c> or</c><00:12:04.560><c> negroes</c><00:12:05.120><c> were</c><00:12:05.279><c> found</c><00:12:05.680><c> dead</c><00:12:06.000><c> in</c>

00:12:06.150 --> 00:12:06.160 align:start position:0%
black men or negroes were found dead in
 

00:12:06.160 --> 00:12:08.629 align:start position:0%
black men or negroes were found dead in
uniform<00:12:07.200><c> these</c><00:12:07.440><c> were</c><00:12:07.600><c> men</c><00:12:07.839><c> that</c><00:12:08.000><c> were</c><00:12:08.240><c> part</c><00:12:08.560><c> of</c>

00:12:08.629 --> 00:12:08.639 align:start position:0%
uniform these were men that were part of
 

00:12:08.639 --> 00:12:11.670 align:start position:0%
uniform these were men that were part of
the<00:12:08.800><c> first</c><00:12:09.279><c> indian</c><00:12:09.600><c> home</c><00:12:09.920><c> guards</c><00:12:10.800><c> and</c><00:12:10.959><c> so</c>

00:12:11.670 --> 00:12:11.680 align:start position:0%
the first indian home guards and so
 

00:12:11.680 --> 00:12:13.509 align:start position:0%
the first indian home guards and so
at<00:12:12.000><c> poison</c><00:12:12.480><c> springs</c>

00:12:13.509 --> 00:12:13.519 align:start position:0%
at poison springs
 

00:12:13.519 --> 00:12:14.870 align:start position:0%
at poison springs
there<00:12:13.760><c> were</c>

00:12:14.870 --> 00:12:14.880 align:start position:0%
there were
 

00:12:14.880 --> 00:12:17.269 align:start position:0%
there were
some<00:12:15.120><c> indian</c><00:12:15.440><c> troops</c><00:12:15.839><c> as</c><00:12:16.000><c> well</c><00:12:16.240><c> as</c><00:12:16.399><c> those</c>

00:12:17.269 --> 00:12:17.279 align:start position:0%
some indian troops as well as those
 

00:12:17.279 --> 00:12:20.069 align:start position:0%
some indian troops as well as those
texans<00:12:17.839><c> and</c><00:12:18.000><c> so</c><00:12:18.240><c> forth</c><00:12:18.880><c> that</c><00:12:19.040><c> did</c><00:12:19.279><c> not</c><00:12:19.600><c> like</c>

00:12:20.069 --> 00:12:20.079 align:start position:0%
texans and so forth that did not like
 

00:12:20.079 --> 00:12:22.310 align:start position:0%
texans and so forth that did not like
black<00:12:20.399><c> men</c><00:12:20.720><c> and</c><00:12:20.880><c> also</c><00:12:21.120><c> there</c><00:12:21.279><c> was</c><00:12:21.440><c> somewhat</c><00:12:22.079><c> of</c>

00:12:22.310 --> 00:12:22.320 align:start position:0%
black men and also there was somewhat of
 

00:12:22.320 --> 00:12:24.870 align:start position:0%
black men and also there was somewhat of
a<00:12:22.399><c> payback</c><00:12:22.959><c> from</c><00:12:23.200><c> the</c><00:12:23.920><c> victory</c><00:12:24.399><c> at</c><00:12:24.480><c> honey</c>

00:12:24.870 --> 00:12:24.880 align:start position:0%
a payback from the victory at honey
 

00:12:24.880 --> 00:12:28.870 align:start position:0%
a payback from the victory at honey
springs<00:12:25.600><c> in</c><00:12:25.680><c> the</c><00:12:25.760><c> indian</c><00:12:26.079><c> territory</c>

00:12:28.870 --> 00:12:28.880 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:12:28.880 --> 00:12:30.230 align:start position:0%
 
right

00:12:30.230 --> 00:12:30.240 align:start position:0%
right
 

00:12:30.240 --> 00:12:31.269 align:start position:0%
right
and

00:12:31.269 --> 00:12:31.279 align:start position:0%
and
 

00:12:31.279 --> 00:12:33.750 align:start position:0%
and
um

00:12:33.750 --> 00:12:33.760 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:12:33.760 --> 00:12:36.069 align:start position:0%
 
you<00:12:33.839><c> know</c><00:12:34.160><c> the</c><00:12:34.320><c> myth</c><00:12:34.720><c> that</c><00:12:34.959><c> you</c>

00:12:36.069 --> 00:12:36.079 align:start position:0%
you know the myth that you
 

00:12:36.079 --> 00:12:37.670 align:start position:0%
you know the myth that you
alluded<00:12:36.480><c> to</c><00:12:36.639><c> earlier</c><00:12:36.959><c> that</c><00:12:37.120><c> was</c><00:12:37.360><c> written</c><00:12:37.600><c> in</c>

00:12:37.670 --> 00:12:37.680 align:start position:0%
alluded to earlier that was written in
 

00:12:37.680 --> 00:12:40.470 align:start position:0%
alluded to earlier that was written in
the<00:12:37.839><c> policy</c><00:12:38.639><c> that</c><00:12:39.040><c> uh</c><00:12:39.600><c> black</c><00:12:39.920><c> men</c><00:12:40.160><c> couldn't</c>

00:12:40.470 --> 00:12:40.480 align:start position:0%
the policy that uh black men couldn't
 

00:12:40.480 --> 00:12:42.389 align:start position:0%
the policy that uh black men couldn't
make<00:12:40.720><c> good</c><00:12:40.959><c> soldiers</c><00:12:41.440><c> or</c><00:12:41.519><c> wouldn't</c><00:12:41.839><c> make</c><00:12:42.160><c> good</c>

00:12:42.389 --> 00:12:42.399 align:start position:0%
make good soldiers or wouldn't make good
 

00:12:42.399 --> 00:12:45.030 align:start position:0%
make good soldiers or wouldn't make good
soldiers<00:12:43.200><c> that</c><00:12:43.360><c> was</c><00:12:43.600><c> all</c><00:12:43.920><c> changed</c>

00:12:45.030 --> 00:12:45.040 align:start position:0%
soldiers that was all changed
 

00:12:45.040 --> 00:12:47.829 align:start position:0%
soldiers that was all changed
um<00:12:45.600><c> or</c><00:12:45.839><c> that</c><00:12:46.079><c> myth</c><00:12:46.320><c> was</c><00:12:46.639><c> put</c><00:12:46.800><c> to</c><00:12:47.040><c> rest</c><00:12:47.360><c> by</c><00:12:47.519><c> these</c>

00:12:47.829 --> 00:12:47.839 align:start position:0%
um or that myth was put to rest by these
 

00:12:47.839 --> 00:12:49.590 align:start position:0%
um or that myth was put to rest by these
brave<00:12:48.240><c> men</c><00:12:48.560><c> who</c><00:12:48.800><c> showed</c><00:12:49.120><c> that</c><00:12:49.200><c> they</c><00:12:49.440><c> could</c>

00:12:49.590 --> 00:12:49.600 align:start position:0%
brave men who showed that they could
 

00:12:49.600 --> 00:12:51.670 align:start position:0%
brave men who showed that they could
fight<00:12:49.839><c> just</c><00:12:50.079><c> as</c><00:12:50.160><c> well</c><00:12:50.399><c> as</c><00:12:50.560><c> anyone</c>

00:12:51.670 --> 00:12:51.680 align:start position:0%
fight just as well as anyone
 

00:12:51.680 --> 00:12:53.670 align:start position:0%
fight just as well as anyone
that's<00:12:52.000><c> correct</c><00:12:52.720><c> one</c><00:12:52.880><c> of</c><00:12:52.959><c> the</c><00:12:53.200><c> other</c><00:12:53.360><c> things</c>

00:12:53.670 --> 00:12:53.680 align:start position:0%
that's correct one of the other things
 

00:12:53.680 --> 00:12:55.670 align:start position:0%
that's correct one of the other things
that<00:12:53.920><c> is</c><00:12:54.079><c> overlooked</c><00:12:54.720><c> is</c><00:12:54.880><c> that</c>

00:12:55.670 --> 00:12:55.680 align:start position:0%
that is overlooked is that
 

00:12:55.680 --> 00:12:57.750 align:start position:0%
that is overlooked is that
general<00:12:56.079><c> frederick</c><00:12:56.480><c> steele</c><00:12:56.880><c> who</c><00:12:57.120><c> was</c><00:12:57.279><c> a</c><00:12:57.519><c> head</c>

00:12:57.750 --> 00:12:57.760 align:start position:0%
general frederick steele who was a head
 

00:12:57.760 --> 00:13:01.750 align:start position:0%
general frederick steele who was a head
of<00:12:57.839><c> the</c><00:12:58.000><c> department</c><00:12:58.959><c> of</c><00:12:59.200><c> arkansas</c><00:13:00.160><c> the</c><00:13:00.399><c> union</c>

00:13:01.750 --> 00:13:01.760 align:start position:0%
of the department of arkansas the union
 

00:13:01.760 --> 00:13:04.389 align:start position:0%
of the department of arkansas the union
head<00:13:02.000><c> of</c><00:13:02.160><c> the</c><00:13:02.800><c> department</c><00:13:03.200><c> of</c><00:13:03.360><c> arkansas</c>

00:13:04.389 --> 00:13:04.399 align:start position:0%
head of the department of arkansas
 

00:13:04.399 --> 00:13:06.470 align:start position:0%
head of the department of arkansas
didn't<00:13:04.720><c> care</c><00:13:04.959><c> for</c><00:13:05.120><c> colored</c><00:13:05.440><c> troops</c>

00:13:06.470 --> 00:13:06.480 align:start position:0%
didn't care for colored troops
 

00:13:06.480 --> 00:13:08.470 align:start position:0%
didn't care for colored troops
and<00:13:06.639><c> so</c><00:13:06.880><c> he</c><00:13:07.040><c> really</c><00:13:07.279><c> didn't</c><00:13:07.600><c> do</c><00:13:07.839><c> much</c><00:13:08.079><c> for</c><00:13:08.320><c> him</c>

00:13:08.470 --> 00:13:08.480 align:start position:0%
and so he really didn't do much for him
 

00:13:08.480 --> 00:13:09.990 align:start position:0%
and so he really didn't do much for him
and<00:13:08.639><c> he</c><00:13:08.800><c> used</c><00:13:09.120><c> them</c>

00:13:09.990 --> 00:13:10.000 align:start position:0%
and he used them
 

00:13:10.000 --> 00:13:13.670 align:start position:0%
and he used them
um<00:13:10.639><c> basically</c><00:13:11.200><c> for</c><00:13:11.600><c> uh</c><00:13:11.920><c> pioneer</c><00:13:12.880><c> trains</c><00:13:13.440><c> for</c>

00:13:13.670 --> 00:13:13.680 align:start position:0%
um basically for uh pioneer trains for
 

00:13:13.680 --> 00:13:16.069 align:start position:0%
um basically for uh pioneer trains for
digging<00:13:14.000><c> ditches</c><00:13:14.880><c> for</c><00:13:15.040><c> moving</c><00:13:15.360><c> his</c><00:13:15.519><c> wagons</c>

00:13:16.069 --> 00:13:16.079 align:start position:0%
digging ditches for moving his wagons
 

00:13:16.079 --> 00:13:18.389 align:start position:0%
digging ditches for moving his wagons
his<00:13:16.320><c> teamsters</c><00:13:16.959><c> and</c><00:13:17.120><c> so</c><00:13:17.360><c> forth</c><00:13:17.920><c> and</c><00:13:18.079><c> he</c><00:13:18.160><c> was</c>

00:13:18.389 --> 00:13:18.399 align:start position:0%
his teamsters and so forth and he was
 

00:13:18.399 --> 00:13:20.550 align:start position:0%
his teamsters and so forth and he was
not<00:13:18.639><c> interested</c><00:13:19.040><c> in</c><00:13:19.120><c> them</c><00:13:19.440><c> as</c><00:13:19.760><c> being</c><00:13:20.000><c> uh</c>

00:13:20.550 --> 00:13:20.560 align:start position:0%
not interested in them as being uh
 

00:13:20.560 --> 00:13:23.670 align:start position:0%
not interested in them as being uh
combat<00:13:21.040><c> troops</c><00:13:21.839><c> and</c><00:13:22.000><c> so</c><00:13:22.399><c> uh</c><00:13:22.959><c> like</c><00:13:23.200><c> the</c><00:13:23.440><c> first</c>

00:13:23.670 --> 00:13:23.680 align:start position:0%
combat troops and so uh like the first
 

00:13:23.680 --> 00:13:25.990 align:start position:0%
combat troops and so uh like the first
kansas<00:13:24.079><c> cullen</c><00:13:24.639><c> they</c><00:13:24.880><c> suffered</c><00:13:25.200><c> the</c><00:13:25.360><c> brunt</c><00:13:25.760><c> of</c>

00:13:25.990 --> 00:13:26.000 align:start position:0%
kansas cullen they suffered the brunt of
 

00:13:26.000 --> 00:13:28.389 align:start position:0%
kansas cullen they suffered the brunt of
that<00:13:26.320><c> uh</c><00:13:26.800><c> of</c><00:13:27.040><c> that</c><00:13:27.279><c> dis</c><00:13:27.680><c> standard</c><00:13:28.160><c> that's</c>

00:13:28.389 --> 00:13:28.399 align:start position:0%
that uh of that dis standard that's
 

00:13:28.399 --> 00:13:35.110 align:start position:0%
that uh of that dis standard that's
disliked<00:13:29.200><c> by</c><00:13:29.519><c> uh</c><00:13:29.680><c> frederick</c><00:13:30.079><c> steele</c>

00:13:35.110 --> 00:13:35.120 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:13:35.120 --> 00:13:38.150 align:start position:0%
 
the<00:13:35.760><c> as</c><00:13:35.920><c> we</c><00:13:36.079><c> know</c><00:13:36.240><c> the</c><00:13:36.480><c> war</c><00:13:36.800><c> ends</c>

00:13:38.150 --> 00:13:38.160 align:start position:0%
the as we know the war ends
 

00:13:38.160 --> 00:13:39.269 align:start position:0%
the as we know the war ends
and

00:13:39.269 --> 00:13:39.279 align:start position:0%
and
 

00:13:39.279 --> 00:13:41.910 align:start position:0%
and
uh<00:13:39.600><c> having</c><00:13:40.079><c> african-americans</c><00:13:41.040><c> have</c><00:13:41.519><c> have</c>

00:13:41.910 --> 00:13:41.920 align:start position:0%
uh having african-americans have have
 

00:13:41.920 --> 00:13:44.230 align:start position:0%
uh having african-americans have have
demonstrated<00:13:42.800><c> that</c><00:13:43.040><c> they</c>

00:13:44.230 --> 00:13:44.240 align:start position:0%
demonstrated that they
 

00:13:44.240 --> 00:13:46.829 align:start position:0%
demonstrated that they
make<00:13:44.560><c> great</c><00:13:44.959><c> soldiers</c>

00:13:46.829 --> 00:13:46.839 align:start position:0%
make great soldiers
 

00:13:46.839 --> 00:13:51.430 align:start position:0%
make great soldiers
and<00:13:48.320><c> unlike</c><00:13:48.800><c> the</c><00:13:48.959><c> policy</c><00:13:50.079><c> uh</c><00:13:50.639><c> previously</c><00:13:51.199><c> they</c>

00:13:51.430 --> 00:13:51.440 align:start position:0%
and unlike the policy uh previously they
 

00:13:51.440 --> 00:13:54.069 align:start position:0%
and unlike the policy uh previously they
weren't<00:13:51.839><c> now</c><00:13:52.320><c> barred</c><00:13:52.880><c> from</c><00:13:53.120><c> military</c><00:13:53.680><c> service</c>

00:13:54.069 --> 00:13:54.079 align:start position:0%
weren't now barred from military service
 

00:13:54.079 --> 00:13:56.870 align:start position:0%
weren't now barred from military service
now<00:13:54.240><c> they</c><00:13:54.399><c> were</c><00:13:55.040><c> segregated</c><00:13:56.160><c> but</c><00:13:56.480><c> they</c><00:13:56.720><c> at</c>

00:13:56.870 --> 00:13:56.880 align:start position:0%
now they were segregated but they at
 

00:13:56.880 --> 00:13:58.870 align:start position:0%
now they were segregated but they at
least<00:13:57.279><c> were</c><00:13:57.519><c> allowed</c><00:13:58.000><c> to</c><00:13:58.240><c> serve</c><00:13:58.720><c> in</c><00:13:58.800><c> the</c>

00:13:58.870 --> 00:13:58.880 align:start position:0%
least were allowed to serve in the
 

00:13:58.880 --> 00:14:01.670 align:start position:0%
least were allowed to serve in the
united<00:13:59.199><c> states</c><00:13:59.440><c> military</c><00:14:00.079><c> so</c>

00:14:01.670 --> 00:14:01.680 align:start position:0%
united states military so
 

00:14:01.680 --> 00:14:03.829 align:start position:0%
united states military so
there<00:14:01.920><c> is</c><00:14:02.079><c> an</c><00:14:02.240><c> attitude</c><00:14:02.720><c> that</c><00:14:03.040><c> changed</c><00:14:03.680><c> and</c>

00:14:03.829 --> 00:14:03.839 align:start position:0%
there is an attitude that changed and
 

00:14:03.839 --> 00:14:05.430 align:start position:0%
there is an attitude that changed and
somewhat<00:14:04.320><c> that</c><00:14:04.480><c> they</c><00:14:04.800><c> could</c><00:14:05.040><c> make</c><00:14:05.199><c> good</c>

00:14:05.430 --> 00:14:05.440 align:start position:0%
somewhat that they could make good
 

00:14:05.440 --> 00:14:06.949 align:start position:0%
somewhat that they could make good
soldiers<00:14:05.920><c> in</c><00:14:06.079><c> fact</c>

00:14:06.949 --> 00:14:06.959 align:start position:0%
soldiers in fact
 

00:14:06.959 --> 00:14:10.389 align:start position:0%
soldiers in fact
later<00:14:07.279><c> we</c><00:14:07.440><c> have</c><00:14:07.920><c> the</c><00:14:08.079><c> buffalo</c><00:14:08.560><c> soldiers</c>

00:14:10.389 --> 00:14:10.399 align:start position:0%
later we have the buffalo soldiers
 

00:14:10.399 --> 00:14:12.710 align:start position:0%
later we have the buffalo soldiers
who<00:14:10.959><c> we</c><00:14:11.120><c> were</c><00:14:11.360><c> prominent</c><00:14:11.839><c> after</c><00:14:12.079><c> the</c><00:14:12.320><c> civil</c>

00:14:12.710 --> 00:14:12.720 align:start position:0%
who we were prominent after the civil
 

00:14:12.720 --> 00:14:14.629 align:start position:0%
who we were prominent after the civil
war

00:14:14.629 --> 00:14:14.639 align:start position:0%
war
 

00:14:14.639 --> 00:14:15.509 align:start position:0%
war
yeah

00:14:15.509 --> 00:14:15.519 align:start position:0%
yeah
 

00:14:15.519 --> 00:14:18.150 align:start position:0%
yeah
what<00:14:15.760><c> happens</c><00:14:16.240><c> after</c><00:14:16.959><c> wars</c><00:14:17.440><c> that</c><00:14:17.680><c> is</c><00:14:17.760><c> really</c>

00:14:18.150 --> 00:14:18.160 align:start position:0%
what happens after wars that is really
 

00:14:18.160 --> 00:14:19.509 align:start position:0%
what happens after wars that is really
interesting<00:14:18.720><c> um</c>

00:14:19.509 --> 00:14:19.519 align:start position:0%
interesting um
 

00:14:19.519 --> 00:14:21.110 align:start position:0%
interesting um
blurry<00:14:20.079><c> is</c><00:14:20.320><c> uh</c>

00:14:21.110 --> 00:14:21.120 align:start position:0%
blurry is uh
 

00:14:21.120 --> 00:14:22.870 align:start position:0%
blurry is uh
company<00:14:21.680><c> d</c>

00:14:22.870 --> 00:14:22.880 align:start position:0%
company d
 

00:14:22.880 --> 00:14:24.949 align:start position:0%
company d
of<00:14:23.040><c> the</c><00:14:23.279><c> 57th</c><00:14:24.000><c> which</c><00:14:24.240><c> was</c><00:14:24.399><c> originally</c><00:14:24.800><c> the</c>

00:14:24.949 --> 00:14:24.959 align:start position:0%
of the 57th which was originally the
 

00:14:24.959 --> 00:14:26.629 align:start position:0%
of the 57th which was originally the
fourth<00:14:25.360><c> arkansas</c><00:14:25.760><c> original</c><00:14:26.079><c> of</c><00:14:26.240><c> african</c>

00:14:26.629 --> 00:14:26.639 align:start position:0%
fourth arkansas original of african
 

00:14:26.639 --> 00:14:27.670 align:start position:0%
fourth arkansas original of african
ascent

00:14:27.670 --> 00:14:27.680 align:start position:0%
ascent
 

00:14:27.680 --> 00:14:30.629 align:start position:0%
ascent
company<00:14:28.079><c> d</c><00:14:28.320><c> was</c><00:14:28.480><c> originally</c><00:14:29.040><c> known</c><00:14:30.240><c> as</c><00:14:30.480><c> an</c>

00:14:30.629 --> 00:14:30.639 align:start position:0%
company d was originally known as an
 

00:14:30.639 --> 00:14:32.230 align:start position:0%
company d was originally known as an
independent<00:14:31.199><c> company</c><00:14:31.600><c> it's</c><00:14:31.760><c> known</c><00:14:32.000><c> as</c><00:14:32.160><c> the</c>

00:14:32.230 --> 00:14:32.240 align:start position:0%
independent company it's known as the
 

00:14:32.240 --> 00:14:35.189 align:start position:0%
independent company it's known as the
library<00:14:32.720><c> in</c><00:14:32.800><c> got</c><00:14:33.120><c> liberia</c><00:14:33.760><c> and</c><00:14:34.000><c> guards</c>

00:14:35.189 --> 00:14:35.199 align:start position:0%
library in got liberia and guards
 

00:14:35.199 --> 00:14:36.069 align:start position:0%
library in got liberia and guards
and

00:14:36.069 --> 00:14:36.079 align:start position:0%
and
 

00:14:36.079 --> 00:14:37.829 align:start position:0%
and
for<00:14:36.320><c> each</c><00:14:36.480><c> one</c><00:14:36.720><c> of</c><00:14:36.800><c> the</c><00:14:36.880><c> men</c><00:14:37.199><c> that</c><00:14:37.360><c> are</c><00:14:37.519><c> being</c>

00:14:37.829 --> 00:14:37.839 align:start position:0%
for each one of the men that are being
 

00:14:37.839 --> 00:14:39.189 align:start position:0%
for each one of the men that are being
discharged

00:14:39.189 --> 00:14:39.199 align:start position:0%
discharged
 

00:14:39.199 --> 00:14:40.870 align:start position:0%
discharged
they<00:14:39.440><c> take</c><00:14:39.680><c> with</c><00:14:39.839><c> them</c><00:14:40.079><c> the</c><00:14:40.240><c> springfield</c>

00:14:40.870 --> 00:14:40.880 align:start position:0%
they take with them the springfield
 

00:14:40.880 --> 00:14:43.030 align:start position:0%
they take with them the springfield
rifle<00:14:41.519><c> and</c><00:14:41.680><c> accruments</c>

00:14:43.030 --> 00:14:43.040 align:start position:0%
rifle and accruments
 

00:14:43.040 --> 00:14:44.790 align:start position:0%
rifle and accruments
and<00:14:43.279><c> so</c><00:14:43.680><c> you</c><00:14:43.839><c> know</c><00:14:44.000><c> you</c><00:14:44.160><c> have</c><00:14:44.240><c> to</c><00:14:44.320><c> think</c><00:14:44.560><c> about</c>

00:14:44.790 --> 00:14:44.800 align:start position:0%
and so you know you have to think about
 

00:14:44.800 --> 00:14:46.310 align:start position:0%
and so you know you have to think about
where<00:14:45.040><c> these</c><00:14:45.279><c> guys</c><00:14:45.600><c> going</c><00:14:45.920><c> and</c><00:14:46.000><c> what</c><00:14:46.160><c> they're</c>

00:14:46.310 --> 00:14:46.320 align:start position:0%
where these guys going and what they're
 

00:14:46.320 --> 00:14:48.710 align:start position:0%
where these guys going and what they're
going<00:14:46.399><c> to</c><00:14:46.560><c> do</c><00:14:47.199><c> if</c><00:14:47.360><c> they're</c><00:14:48.000><c> checking</c><00:14:48.320><c> out</c><00:14:48.560><c> of</c>

00:14:48.710 --> 00:14:48.720 align:start position:0%
going to do if they're checking out of
 

00:14:48.720 --> 00:14:51.189 align:start position:0%
going to do if they're checking out of
service<00:14:49.519><c> and</c><00:14:49.680><c> they</c><00:14:49.920><c> have</c><00:14:50.160><c> their</c><00:14:50.560><c> muskets</c><00:14:51.040><c> that</c>

00:14:51.189 --> 00:14:51.199 align:start position:0%
service and they have their muskets that
 

00:14:51.199 --> 00:14:54.230 align:start position:0%
service and they have their muskets that
they<00:14:51.360><c> use</c><00:14:51.680><c> doing</c><00:14:52.320><c> this</c><00:14:52.639><c> the</c><00:14:52.880><c> military</c>

00:14:54.230 --> 00:14:54.240 align:start position:0%
they use doing this the military
 

00:14:54.240 --> 00:14:55.670 align:start position:0%
they use doing this the military
standing<00:14:54.720><c> service</c>

00:14:55.670 --> 00:14:55.680 align:start position:0%
standing service
 

00:14:55.680 --> 00:14:57.670 align:start position:0%
standing service
uh<00:14:56.079><c> some</c><00:14:56.240><c> of</c><00:14:56.399><c> these</c><00:14:56.639><c> men</c><00:14:56.959><c> would</c><00:14:57.199><c> actually</c><00:14:57.519><c> end</c>

00:14:57.670 --> 00:14:57.680 align:start position:0%
uh some of these men would actually end
 

00:14:57.680 --> 00:14:59.269 align:start position:0%
uh some of these men would actually end
up<00:14:57.839><c> going</c><00:14:58.240><c> west</c>

00:14:59.269 --> 00:14:59.279 align:start position:0%
up going west
 

00:14:59.279 --> 00:15:02.629 align:start position:0%
up going west
and<00:14:59.680><c> serving</c><00:15:00.079><c> in</c><00:15:00.240><c> the</c><00:15:00.800><c> 9th</c><00:15:01.120><c> and</c><00:15:01.279><c> 10th</c><00:15:01.680><c> calvary</c>

00:15:02.629 --> 00:15:02.639 align:start position:0%
and serving in the 9th and 10th calvary
 

00:15:02.639 --> 00:15:05.509 align:start position:0%
and serving in the 9th and 10th calvary
in<00:15:02.720><c> the</c><00:15:02.959><c> west</c><00:15:03.760><c> uh</c><00:15:04.399><c> also</c><00:15:04.720><c> that's</c><00:15:04.959><c> interesting</c>

00:15:05.509 --> 00:15:05.519 align:start position:0%
in the west uh also that's interesting
 

00:15:05.519 --> 00:15:07.990 align:start position:0%
in the west uh also that's interesting
is<00:15:05.600><c> that</c><00:15:06.160><c> the</c><00:15:06.320><c> 57th</c><00:15:07.040><c> united</c><00:15:07.360><c> states</c><00:15:07.680><c> colored</c>

00:15:07.990 --> 00:15:08.000 align:start position:0%
is that the 57th united states colored
 

00:15:08.000 --> 00:15:10.550 align:start position:0%
is that the 57th united states colored
troops<00:15:08.720><c> in</c><00:15:09.040><c> 1866</c>

00:15:10.550 --> 00:15:10.560 align:start position:0%
troops in 1866
 

00:15:10.560 --> 00:15:13.189 align:start position:0%
troops in 1866
were<00:15:10.800><c> forced</c><00:15:11.120><c> to</c><00:15:11.279><c> go</c><00:15:11.440><c> to</c><00:15:11.680><c> new</c><00:15:11.839><c> mexico</c><00:15:12.880><c> and</c><00:15:13.040><c> to</c>

00:15:13.189 --> 00:15:13.199 align:start position:0%
were forced to go to new mexico and to
 

00:15:13.199 --> 00:15:15.430 align:start position:0%
were forced to go to new mexico and to
help<00:15:13.519><c> out</c><00:15:13.839><c> in</c><00:15:14.000><c> the</c><00:15:14.160><c> west</c><00:15:14.480><c> so</c><00:15:15.040><c> some</c><00:15:15.199><c> of</c><00:15:15.360><c> the</c>

00:15:15.430 --> 00:15:15.440 align:start position:0%
help out in the west so some of the
 

00:15:15.440 --> 00:15:17.670 align:start position:0%
help out in the west so some of the
black<00:15:15.760><c> troops</c><00:15:16.079><c> in</c><00:15:16.240><c> arkansas</c><00:15:16.880><c> at</c><00:15:16.959><c> least</c><00:15:17.519><c> the</c>

00:15:17.670 --> 00:15:17.680 align:start position:0%
black troops in arkansas at least the
 

00:15:17.680 --> 00:15:18.870 align:start position:0%
black troops in arkansas at least the
57th

00:15:18.870 --> 00:15:18.880 align:start position:0%
57th
 

00:15:18.880 --> 00:15:19.990 align:start position:0%
57th
ended<00:15:19.199><c> up</c>

00:15:19.990 --> 00:15:20.000 align:start position:0%
ended up
 

00:15:20.000 --> 00:15:24.949 align:start position:0%
ended up
early<00:15:20.399><c> on</c><00:15:20.639><c> going</c><00:15:20.959><c> out</c><00:15:21.120><c> into</c><00:15:21.440><c> the</c><00:15:21.600><c> west</c>

00:15:24.949 --> 00:15:24.959 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:15:24.959 --> 00:15:27.990 align:start position:0%
 
and

00:15:27.990 --> 00:15:28.000 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:15:28.000 --> 00:15:30.550 align:start position:0%
 
and<00:15:28.079><c> then</c><00:15:28.320><c> the</c><00:15:28.480><c> history</c><00:15:29.040><c> of</c>

00:15:30.550 --> 00:15:30.560 align:start position:0%
and then the history of
 

00:15:30.560 --> 00:15:32.790 align:start position:0%
and then the history of
african<00:15:30.880><c> americans</c><00:15:31.440><c> in</c><00:15:31.680><c> the</c><00:15:31.839><c> military</c><00:15:32.399><c> after</c>

00:15:32.790 --> 00:15:32.800 align:start position:0%
african americans in the military after
 

00:15:32.800 --> 00:15:36.949 align:start position:0%
african americans in the military after
that<00:15:33.360><c> you</c><00:15:33.440><c> know</c><00:15:33.600><c> they</c><00:15:33.759><c> would</c><00:15:34.000><c> serve</c><00:15:34.399><c> in</c><00:15:34.639><c> the</c>

00:15:36.949 --> 00:15:36.959 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:15:36.959 --> 00:15:39.189 align:start position:0%
 
war<00:15:37.199><c> with</c><00:15:37.360><c> mexico</c>

00:15:39.189 --> 00:15:39.199 align:start position:0%
war with mexico
 

00:15:39.199 --> 00:15:40.470 align:start position:0%
war with mexico
they

00:15:40.470 --> 00:15:40.480 align:start position:0%
they
 

00:15:40.480 --> 00:15:43.430 align:start position:0%
they
they<00:15:40.639><c> actually</c><00:15:40.959><c> do</c><00:15:41.279><c> quite</c><00:15:41.519><c> a</c><00:15:41.600><c> bit</c><00:15:42.000><c> in</c><00:15:42.800><c> cuba</c><00:15:43.199><c> but</c>

00:15:43.430 --> 00:15:43.440 align:start position:0%
they actually do quite a bit in cuba but
 

00:15:43.440 --> 00:15:45.670 align:start position:0%
they actually do quite a bit in cuba but
are<00:15:43.600><c> overshadowed</c><00:15:44.880><c> by</c>

00:15:45.670 --> 00:15:45.680 align:start position:0%
are overshadowed by
 

00:15:45.680 --> 00:15:48.550 align:start position:0%
are overshadowed by
you<00:15:45.759><c> know</c><00:15:46.000><c> roosevelt</c><00:15:46.720><c> and</c><00:15:46.800><c> the</c><00:15:47.120><c> rough</c><00:15:47.360><c> riders</c>

00:15:48.550 --> 00:15:48.560 align:start position:0%
you know roosevelt and the rough riders
 

00:15:48.560 --> 00:15:50.710 align:start position:0%
you know roosevelt and the rough riders
um<00:15:48.959><c> they're</c><00:15:49.279><c> involved</c><00:15:49.839><c> in</c>

00:15:50.710 --> 00:15:50.720 align:start position:0%
um they're involved in
 

00:15:50.720 --> 00:15:52.389 align:start position:0%
um they're involved in
in

00:15:52.389 --> 00:15:52.399 align:start position:0%
in
 

00:15:52.399 --> 00:15:54.310 align:start position:0%
in
the<00:15:52.839><c> philippines</c><00:15:53.279><c> during</c><00:15:53.519><c> that</c><00:15:53.680><c> insurrection</c>

00:15:54.310 --> 00:15:54.320 align:start position:0%
the philippines during that insurrection
 

00:15:54.320 --> 00:15:56.470 align:start position:0%
the philippines during that insurrection
and<00:15:54.399><c> during</c><00:15:54.720><c> the</c><00:15:54.800><c> spanish</c><00:15:55.279><c> war</c><00:15:55.600><c> there</c>

00:15:56.470 --> 00:15:56.480 align:start position:0%
and during the spanish war there
 

00:15:56.480 --> 00:15:59.509 align:start position:0%
and during the spanish war there
uh<00:15:56.800><c> war</c><00:15:57.440><c> one</c><00:15:58.079><c> they</c><00:15:58.320><c> distinguish</c><00:15:58.959><c> themselves</c>

00:15:59.509 --> 00:15:59.519 align:start position:0%
uh war one they distinguish themselves
 

00:15:59.519 --> 00:16:00.470 align:start position:0%
uh war one they distinguish themselves
except

00:16:00.470 --> 00:16:00.480 align:start position:0%
except
 

00:16:00.480 --> 00:16:02.470 align:start position:0%
except
um<00:16:01.199><c> as</c><00:16:01.360><c> you</c><00:16:01.519><c> know</c>

00:16:02.470 --> 00:16:02.480 align:start position:0%
um as you know
 

00:16:02.480 --> 00:16:03.590 align:start position:0%
um as you know
they're<00:16:02.720><c> not</c>

00:16:03.590 --> 00:16:03.600 align:start position:0%
they're not
 

00:16:03.600 --> 00:16:05.189 align:start position:0%
they're not
allowed<00:16:03.920><c> to</c><00:16:04.079><c> fight</c><00:16:04.240><c> for</c><00:16:04.399><c> the</c><00:16:04.480><c> united</c><00:16:04.800><c> states</c>

00:16:05.189 --> 00:16:05.199 align:start position:0%
allowed to fight for the united states
 

00:16:05.199 --> 00:16:09.189 align:start position:0%
allowed to fight for the united states
but<00:16:05.360><c> they're</c><00:16:05.519><c> given</c><00:16:05.839><c> to</c><00:16:06.000><c> france</c><00:16:06.720><c> and</c><00:16:08.160><c> then</c>

00:16:09.189 --> 00:16:09.199 align:start position:0%
but they're given to france and then
 

00:16:09.199 --> 00:16:11.030 align:start position:0%
but they're given to france and then
in<00:16:09.360><c> world</c><00:16:09.519><c> war</c><00:16:09.920><c> ii</c><00:16:10.079><c> again</c><00:16:10.399><c> distinguished</c>

00:16:11.030 --> 00:16:11.040 align:start position:0%
in world war ii again distinguished
 

00:16:11.040 --> 00:16:14.069 align:start position:0%
in world war ii again distinguished
themselves<00:16:11.680><c> but</c><00:16:11.920><c> had</c><00:16:12.079><c> to</c><00:16:12.240><c> fight</c><00:16:12.639><c> segregated</c>

00:16:14.069 --> 00:16:14.079 align:start position:0%
themselves but had to fight segregated
 

00:16:14.079 --> 00:16:16.350 align:start position:0%
themselves but had to fight segregated
and<00:16:14.399><c> it</c><00:16:14.959><c> seems</c>

00:16:16.350 --> 00:16:16.360 align:start position:0%
and it seems
 

00:16:16.360 --> 00:16:18.310 align:start position:0%
and it seems
african-americans

00:16:18.310 --> 00:16:18.320 align:start position:0%
african-americans
 

00:16:18.320 --> 00:16:19.590 align:start position:0%
african-americans
are<00:16:18.399><c> still</c><00:16:18.800><c> they're</c><00:16:19.040><c> still</c><00:16:19.279><c> treated</c><00:16:19.519><c> as</c>

00:16:19.590 --> 00:16:19.600 align:start position:0%
are still they're still treated as
 

00:16:19.600 --> 00:16:20.870 align:start position:0%
are still they're still treated as
second-class<00:16:20.160><c> citizens</c><00:16:20.560><c> but</c><00:16:20.720><c> they're</c>

00:16:20.870 --> 00:16:20.880 align:start position:0%
second-class citizens but they're
 

00:16:20.880 --> 00:16:22.629 align:start position:0%
second-class citizens but they're
willing<00:16:21.120><c> to</c><00:16:21.279><c> fight</c><00:16:21.519><c> for</c><00:16:21.600><c> their</c><00:16:21.839><c> country</c>

00:16:22.629 --> 00:16:22.639 align:start position:0%
willing to fight for their country
 

00:16:22.639 --> 00:16:23.829 align:start position:0%
willing to fight for their country
that's<00:16:22.880><c> correct</c>

00:16:23.829 --> 00:16:23.839 align:start position:0%
that's correct
 

00:16:23.839 --> 00:16:25.749 align:start position:0%
that's correct
and<00:16:24.160><c> speaking</c><00:16:24.639><c> of</c>

00:16:25.749 --> 00:16:25.759 align:start position:0%
and speaking of
 

00:16:25.759 --> 00:16:27.430 align:start position:0%
and speaking of
relatives<00:16:26.399><c> i</c><00:16:26.560><c> had</c>

00:16:27.430 --> 00:16:27.440 align:start position:0%
relatives i had
 

00:16:27.440 --> 00:16:30.069 align:start position:0%
relatives i had
an<00:16:27.680><c> uncle</c><00:16:28.000><c> that</c><00:16:28.160><c> served</c><00:16:28.560><c> in</c><00:16:29.199><c> a</c><00:16:29.839><c> great</c>

00:16:30.069 --> 00:16:30.079 align:start position:0%
an uncle that served in a great
 

00:16:30.079 --> 00:16:32.310 align:start position:0%
an uncle that served in a great
opportunity<00:16:30.800><c> world</c><00:16:31.040><c> war</c><00:16:31.360><c> one</c>

00:16:32.310 --> 00:16:32.320 align:start position:0%
opportunity world war one
 

00:16:32.320 --> 00:16:35.110 align:start position:0%
opportunity world war one
had<00:16:32.560><c> an</c><00:16:32.720><c> uncle</c><00:16:33.040><c> that</c><00:16:33.199><c> served</c><00:16:33.440><c> in</c><00:16:33.600><c> the</c><00:16:33.680><c> u.s</c><00:16:34.079><c> navy</c>

00:16:35.110 --> 00:16:35.120 align:start position:0%
had an uncle that served in the u.s navy
 

00:16:35.120 --> 00:16:36.629 align:start position:0%
had an uncle that served in the u.s navy
during<00:16:35.360><c> world</c><00:16:35.519><c> war</c><00:16:35.759><c> ii</c>

00:16:36.629 --> 00:16:36.639 align:start position:0%
during world war ii
 

00:16:36.639 --> 00:16:38.870 align:start position:0%
during world war ii
and<00:16:36.720><c> then</c><00:16:36.880><c> i</c><00:16:37.040><c> had</c><00:16:37.199><c> another</c><00:16:37.600><c> uncle</c><00:16:38.000><c> who</c><00:16:38.399><c> uh</c>

00:16:38.870 --> 00:16:38.880 align:start position:0%
and then i had another uncle who uh
 

00:16:38.880 --> 00:16:40.389 align:start position:0%
and then i had another uncle who uh
integrated

00:16:40.389 --> 00:16:40.399 align:start position:0%
integrated
 

00:16:40.399 --> 00:16:42.389 align:start position:0%
integrated
what<00:16:40.560><c> was</c><00:16:40.639><c> called</c><00:16:40.800><c> an</c><00:16:40.959><c> integrator</c><00:16:41.839><c> he</c><00:16:42.000><c> was</c><00:16:42.240><c> one</c>

00:16:42.389 --> 00:16:42.399 align:start position:0%
what was called an integrator he was one
 

00:16:42.399 --> 00:16:45.509 align:start position:0%
what was called an integrator he was one
of<00:16:42.480><c> the</c><00:16:42.639><c> first</c><00:16:42.880><c> 1</c><00:16:43.199><c> 000</c><00:16:43.519><c> black</c><00:16:43.839><c> men</c><00:16:44.639><c> that</c><00:16:45.120><c> became</c>

00:16:45.509 --> 00:16:45.519 align:start position:0%
of the first 1 000 black men that became
 

00:16:45.519 --> 00:16:47.990 align:start position:0%
of the first 1 000 black men that became
a<00:16:45.600><c> part</c><00:16:45.839><c> of</c><00:16:46.000><c> the</c><00:16:46.079><c> u.s</c><00:16:46.399><c> marine</c><00:16:46.880><c> corps</c>

00:16:47.990 --> 00:16:48.000 align:start position:0%
a part of the u.s marine corps
 

00:16:48.000 --> 00:16:50.470 align:start position:0%
a part of the u.s marine corps
and<00:16:48.160><c> so</c><00:16:48.320><c> it's</c><00:16:48.560><c> also</c><00:16:48.959><c> interesting</c><00:16:49.360><c> that</c><00:16:49.680><c> uh</c>

00:16:50.470 --> 00:16:50.480 align:start position:0%
and so it's also interesting that uh
 

00:16:50.480 --> 00:16:52.710 align:start position:0%
and so it's also interesting that uh
his<00:16:50.880><c> dress</c><00:16:51.360><c> blues</c>

00:16:52.710 --> 00:16:52.720 align:start position:0%
his dress blues
 

00:16:52.720 --> 00:16:54.870 align:start position:0%
his dress blues
he<00:16:52.880><c> was</c><00:16:53.040><c> not</c><00:16:53.360><c> issued</c><00:16:53.759><c> that</c><00:16:53.920><c> those</c><00:16:54.240><c> men</c><00:16:54.480><c> had</c><00:16:54.720><c> to</c>

00:16:54.870 --> 00:16:54.880 align:start position:0%
he was not issued that those men had to
 

00:16:54.880 --> 00:16:57.670 align:start position:0%
he was not issued that those men had to
buy<00:16:55.120><c> that</c><00:16:55.680><c> uniform</c><00:16:56.320><c> out</c><00:16:56.399><c> of</c><00:16:56.480><c> their</c><00:16:56.720><c> pockets</c>

00:16:57.670 --> 00:16:57.680 align:start position:0%
buy that uniform out of their pockets
 

00:16:57.680 --> 00:16:59.590 align:start position:0%
buy that uniform out of their pockets
the<00:16:57.839><c> government</c><00:16:58.320><c> would</c><00:16:58.480><c> not</c><00:16:58.959><c> provide</c><00:16:59.360><c> for</c>

00:16:59.590 --> 00:16:59.600 align:start position:0%
the government would not provide for
 

00:16:59.600 --> 00:17:00.550 align:start position:0%
the government would not provide for
them<00:16:59.839><c> to</c>

00:17:00.550 --> 00:17:00.560 align:start position:0%
them to
 

00:17:00.560 --> 00:17:04.390 align:start position:0%
them to
have<00:17:00.800><c> that</c><00:17:01.040><c> uh</c><00:17:01.600><c> issue</c><00:17:01.920><c> to</c><00:17:02.160><c> them</c>

00:17:04.390 --> 00:17:04.400 align:start position:0%
have that uh issue to them
 

00:17:04.400 --> 00:17:07.350 align:start position:0%
have that uh issue to them
and<00:17:04.880><c> so</c><00:17:05.280><c> after</c><00:17:05.679><c> world</c><00:17:05.919><c> war</c><00:17:06.319><c> ii</c>

00:17:07.350 --> 00:17:07.360 align:start position:0%
and so after world war ii
 

00:17:07.360 --> 00:17:09.069 align:start position:0%
and so after world war ii
um<00:17:08.160><c> in</c>

00:17:09.069 --> 00:17:09.079 align:start position:0%
um in
 

00:17:09.079 --> 00:17:11.590 align:start position:0%
um in
1947<00:17:10.319><c> president</c>

00:17:11.590 --> 00:17:11.600 align:start position:0%
1947 president
 

00:17:11.600 --> 00:17:14.630 align:start position:0%
1947 president
truman<00:17:12.079><c> finally</c><00:17:12.559><c> decides</c><00:17:13.360><c> the</c><00:17:13.520><c> military</c>

00:17:14.630 --> 00:17:14.640 align:start position:0%
truman finally decides the military
 

00:17:14.640 --> 00:17:16.309 align:start position:0%
truman finally decides the military
and<00:17:15.199><c> now</c>

00:17:16.309 --> 00:17:16.319 align:start position:0%
and now
 

00:17:16.319 --> 00:17:19.510 align:start position:0%
and now
black<00:17:17.120><c> soldiers</c><00:17:17.760><c> marines</c><00:17:18.480><c> airmen</c>

00:17:19.510 --> 00:17:19.520 align:start position:0%
black soldiers marines airmen
 

00:17:19.520 --> 00:17:20.870 align:start position:0%
black soldiers marines airmen
sailors

00:17:20.870 --> 00:17:20.880 align:start position:0%
sailors
 

00:17:20.880 --> 00:17:21.750 align:start position:0%
sailors
are

00:17:21.750 --> 00:17:21.760 align:start position:0%
are
 

00:17:21.760 --> 00:17:23.429 align:start position:0%
are
fighting<00:17:22.079><c> with</c><00:17:22.319><c> one</c><00:17:22.480><c> another</c><00:17:22.880><c> and</c><00:17:23.039><c> korea</c>

00:17:23.429 --> 00:17:23.439 align:start position:0%
fighting with one another and korea
 

00:17:23.439 --> 00:17:25.029 align:start position:0%
fighting with one another and korea
would<00:17:23.600><c> be</c><00:17:23.760><c> the</c><00:17:23.919><c> first</c>

00:17:25.029 --> 00:17:25.039 align:start position:0%
would be the first
 

00:17:25.039 --> 00:17:27.429 align:start position:0%
would be the first
uh<00:17:25.360><c> war</c><00:17:25.600><c> the</c><00:17:25.679><c> united</c><00:17:26.079><c> states</c><00:17:26.319><c> military</c><00:17:26.880><c> would</c>

00:17:27.429 --> 00:17:27.439 align:start position:0%
uh war the united states military would
 

00:17:27.439 --> 00:17:29.830 align:start position:0%
uh war the united states military would
fight<00:17:27.760><c> with</c><00:17:28.000><c> integrated</c><00:17:28.559><c> troops</c>

00:17:29.830 --> 00:17:29.840 align:start position:0%
fight with integrated troops
 

00:17:29.840 --> 00:17:31.350 align:start position:0%
fight with integrated troops
and<00:17:30.080><c> i've</c><00:17:30.320><c> often</c>

00:17:31.350 --> 00:17:31.360 align:start position:0%
and i've often
 

00:17:31.360 --> 00:17:33.270 align:start position:0%
and i've often
thought<00:17:31.600><c> and</c><00:17:31.679><c> maybe</c><00:17:32.000><c> you</c><00:17:32.160><c> can</c><00:17:32.480><c> expand</c><00:17:32.880><c> on</c><00:17:33.039><c> this</c>

00:17:33.270 --> 00:17:33.280 align:start position:0%
thought and maybe you can expand on this
 

00:17:33.280 --> 00:17:34.950 align:start position:0%
thought and maybe you can expand on this
that

00:17:34.950 --> 00:17:34.960 align:start position:0%
that
 

00:17:34.960 --> 00:17:37.190 align:start position:0%
that
even<00:17:35.280><c> starting</c><00:17:35.600><c> back</c><00:17:35.840><c> in</c><00:17:35.919><c> the</c><00:17:36.080><c> civil</c><00:17:36.400><c> war</c><00:17:36.880><c> on</c>

00:17:37.190 --> 00:17:37.200 align:start position:0%
even starting back in the civil war on
 

00:17:37.200 --> 00:17:39.270 align:start position:0%
even starting back in the civil war on
uh<00:17:37.440><c> african-american</c><00:17:38.240><c> troops</c><00:17:38.880><c> prove</c>

00:17:39.270 --> 00:17:39.280 align:start position:0%
uh african-american troops prove
 

00:17:39.280 --> 00:17:40.870 align:start position:0%
uh african-american troops prove
themselves

00:17:40.870 --> 00:17:40.880 align:start position:0%
themselves
 

00:17:40.880 --> 00:17:42.390 align:start position:0%
themselves
and<00:17:41.360><c> show</c>

00:17:42.390 --> 00:17:42.400 align:start position:0%
and show
 

00:17:42.400 --> 00:17:44.310 align:start position:0%
and show
their<00:17:42.640><c> loyalty</c><00:17:43.360><c> their</c>

00:17:44.310 --> 00:17:44.320 align:start position:0%
their loyalty their
 

00:17:44.320 --> 00:17:46.950 align:start position:0%
their loyalty their
their<00:17:44.559><c> medal</c><00:17:44.960><c> to</c><00:17:45.200><c> fight</c><00:17:46.160><c> and</c>

00:17:46.950 --> 00:17:46.960 align:start position:0%
their medal to fight and
 

00:17:46.960 --> 00:17:48.710 align:start position:0%
their medal to fight and
in<00:17:47.039><c> a</c><00:17:47.120><c> lot</c><00:17:47.280><c> of</c><00:17:47.440><c> ways</c><00:17:47.840><c> the</c><00:17:47.919><c> civil</c><00:17:48.320><c> rights</c>

00:17:48.710 --> 00:17:48.720 align:start position:0%
in a lot of ways the civil rights
 

00:17:48.720 --> 00:17:51.510 align:start position:0%
in a lot of ways the civil rights
movement<00:17:49.200><c> that</c><00:17:49.440><c> would</c><00:17:49.679><c> we</c><00:17:49.840><c> would</c><00:17:50.080><c> later</c><00:17:50.480><c> see</c>

00:17:51.510 --> 00:17:51.520 align:start position:0%
movement that would we would later see
 

00:17:51.520 --> 00:17:54.789 align:start position:0%
movement that would we would later see
in<00:17:51.840><c> the</c><00:17:52.320><c> 50s</c><00:17:52.720><c> and</c><00:17:52.880><c> 60s</c><00:17:53.840><c> were</c><00:17:54.080><c> led</c><00:17:54.320><c> by</c><00:17:54.559><c> these</c>

00:17:54.789 --> 00:17:54.799 align:start position:0%
in the 50s and 60s were led by these
 

00:17:54.799 --> 00:17:57.750 align:start position:0%
in the 50s and 60s were led by these
veterans<00:17:55.520><c> and</c><00:17:55.760><c> their</c><00:17:55.919><c> accomplishments</c>

00:17:57.750 --> 00:17:57.760 align:start position:0%
veterans and their accomplishments
 

00:17:57.760 --> 00:17:58.470 align:start position:0%
veterans and their accomplishments
right

00:17:58.470 --> 00:17:58.480 align:start position:0%
right
 

00:17:58.480 --> 00:18:01.190 align:start position:0%
right
yeah<00:17:58.720><c> it's</c><00:17:59.200><c> interesting</c><00:17:59.679><c> that</c><00:18:00.000><c> um</c>

00:18:01.190 --> 00:18:01.200 align:start position:0%
yeah it's interesting that um
 

00:18:01.200 --> 00:18:02.710 align:start position:0%
yeah it's interesting that um
a<00:18:01.280><c> good</c><00:18:01.520><c> number</c><00:18:01.840><c> of</c>

00:18:02.710 --> 00:18:02.720 align:start position:0%
a good number of
 

00:18:02.720 --> 00:18:04.390 align:start position:0%
a good number of
civil<00:18:03.039><c> war</c><00:18:03.280><c> veterans</c>

00:18:04.390 --> 00:18:04.400 align:start position:0%
civil war veterans
 

00:18:04.400 --> 00:18:06.070 align:start position:0%
civil war veterans
would<00:18:04.640><c> live</c><00:18:05.039><c> all</c><00:18:05.120><c> the</c><00:18:05.200><c> way</c><00:18:05.360><c> up</c><00:18:05.520><c> until</c><00:18:05.840><c> about</c>

00:18:06.070 --> 00:18:06.080 align:start position:0%
would live all the way up until about
 

00:18:06.080 --> 00:18:07.750 align:start position:0%
would live all the way up until about
1930s

00:18:07.750 --> 00:18:07.760 align:start position:0%
1930s
 

00:18:07.760 --> 00:18:11.270 align:start position:0%
1930s
so<00:18:08.000><c> again</c><00:18:08.320><c> you</c><00:18:08.559><c> had</c><00:18:09.360><c> these</c><00:18:09.760><c> former</c><00:18:10.160><c> veterans</c>

00:18:11.270 --> 00:18:11.280 align:start position:0%
so again you had these former veterans
 

00:18:11.280 --> 00:18:12.549 align:start position:0%
so again you had these former veterans
and<00:18:11.520><c> also</c>

00:18:12.549 --> 00:18:12.559 align:start position:0%
and also
 

00:18:12.559 --> 00:18:14.549 align:start position:0%
and also
they<00:18:12.799><c> were</c><00:18:13.360><c> grandfathers</c><00:18:14.240><c> and</c><00:18:14.320><c> great</c>

00:18:14.549 --> 00:18:14.559 align:start position:0%
they were grandfathers and great
 

00:18:14.559 --> 00:18:16.950 align:start position:0%
they were grandfathers and great
grandfathers<00:18:15.200><c> to</c><00:18:15.440><c> some</c><00:18:15.679><c> of</c><00:18:15.760><c> these</c><00:18:16.480><c> men</c><00:18:16.720><c> who</c>

00:18:16.950 --> 00:18:16.960 align:start position:0%
grandfathers to some of these men who
 

00:18:16.960 --> 00:18:19.430 align:start position:0%
grandfathers to some of these men who
now<00:18:17.200><c> have</c><00:18:17.280><c> been</c><00:18:17.520><c> observing</c><00:18:18.000><c> in</c><00:18:18.160><c> world</c><00:18:18.400><c> war</c><00:18:18.720><c> ii</c>

00:18:19.430 --> 00:18:19.440 align:start position:0%
now have been observing in world war ii
 

00:18:19.440 --> 00:18:22.310 align:start position:0%
now have been observing in world war ii
and<00:18:19.760><c> in</c><00:18:20.000><c> korea</c><00:18:20.960><c> so</c>

00:18:22.310 --> 00:18:22.320 align:start position:0%
and in korea so
 

00:18:22.320 --> 00:18:24.789 align:start position:0%
and in korea so
my<00:18:22.559><c> point</c><00:18:22.880><c> is</c><00:18:23.039><c> that</c><00:18:23.360><c> a</c><00:18:23.520><c> lot</c><00:18:23.679><c> of</c><00:18:23.760><c> these</c><00:18:24.000><c> men</c><00:18:24.320><c> now</c>

00:18:24.789 --> 00:18:24.799 align:start position:0%
my point is that a lot of these men now
 

00:18:24.799 --> 00:18:26.310 align:start position:0%
my point is that a lot of these men now
served<00:18:25.200><c> in</c>

00:18:26.310 --> 00:18:26.320 align:start position:0%
served in
 

00:18:26.320 --> 00:18:29.110 align:start position:0%
served in
korea<00:18:27.039><c> and</c><00:18:27.200><c> then</c><00:18:27.440><c> served</c><00:18:27.760><c> in</c><00:18:27.840><c> world</c><00:18:28.080><c> war</c><00:18:28.400><c> ii</c>

00:18:29.110 --> 00:18:29.120 align:start position:0%
korea and then served in world war ii
 

00:18:29.120 --> 00:18:31.510 align:start position:0%
korea and then served in world war ii
uh<00:18:29.600><c> knew</c><00:18:30.080><c> of</c><00:18:30.400><c> the</c>

00:18:31.510 --> 00:18:31.520 align:start position:0%
uh knew of the
 

00:18:31.520 --> 00:18:33.110 align:start position:0%
uh knew of the
the<00:18:31.760><c> dedication</c>

00:18:33.110 --> 00:18:33.120 align:start position:0%
the dedication
 

00:18:33.120 --> 00:18:34.710 align:start position:0%
the dedication
the<00:18:33.360><c> service</c><00:18:33.840><c> that</c>

00:18:34.710 --> 00:18:34.720 align:start position:0%
the service that
 

00:18:34.720 --> 00:18:37.190 align:start position:0%
the service that
their<00:18:35.280><c> parents</c><00:18:35.600><c> or</c><00:18:35.760><c> great</c><00:18:36.000><c> grandparents</c><00:18:36.960><c> had</c>

00:18:37.190 --> 00:18:37.200 align:start position:0%
their parents or great grandparents had
 

00:18:37.200 --> 00:18:40.230 align:start position:0%
their parents or great grandparents had
given<00:18:37.679><c> and</c><00:18:37.919><c> done</c><00:18:38.640><c> uh</c><00:18:39.039><c> during</c><00:18:39.360><c> the</c><00:18:39.600><c> wars</c><00:18:39.919><c> in</c><00:18:40.080><c> the</c>

00:18:40.230 --> 00:18:40.240 align:start position:0%
given and done uh during the wars in the
 

00:18:40.240 --> 00:18:43.029 align:start position:0%
given and done uh during the wars in the
past<00:18:40.960><c> so</c><00:18:41.120><c> they</c><00:18:41.360><c> realized</c><00:18:41.760><c> that</c><00:18:41.919><c> they</c><00:18:42.320><c> helped</c>

00:18:43.029 --> 00:18:43.039 align:start position:0%
past so they realized that they helped
 

00:18:43.039 --> 00:18:44.390 align:start position:0%
past so they realized that they helped
build<00:18:43.280><c> this</c><00:18:43.440><c> country</c><00:18:43.840><c> and</c><00:18:43.919><c> keep</c><00:18:44.160><c> the</c>

00:18:44.390 --> 00:18:44.400 align:start position:0%
build this country and keep the
 

00:18:44.400 --> 00:18:49.270 align:start position:0%
build this country and keep the
safeguard<00:18:45.200><c> of</c><00:18:45.360><c> this</c><00:18:45.600><c> country</c>

00:18:49.270 --> 00:18:49.280 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:18:49.280 --> 00:18:51.350 align:start position:0%
 
uh<00:18:49.520><c> you</c><00:18:49.760><c> mentioned</c><00:18:50.160><c> that</c><00:18:50.400><c> you</c><00:18:50.799><c> are</c><00:18:51.200><c> i</c>

00:18:51.350 --> 00:18:51.360 align:start position:0%
uh you mentioned that you are i
 

00:18:51.360 --> 00:18:53.270 align:start position:0%
uh you mentioned that you are i
mentioned<00:18:51.840><c> at</c><00:18:51.919><c> the</c><00:18:52.080><c> beginning</c><00:18:52.559><c> of</c><00:18:52.799><c> this</c>

00:18:53.270 --> 00:18:53.280 align:start position:0%
mentioned at the beginning of this
 

00:18:53.280 --> 00:18:55.190 align:start position:0%
mentioned at the beginning of this
interview<00:18:53.679><c> that</c><00:18:53.840><c> you</c><00:18:54.080><c> had</c><00:18:54.320><c> a</c>

00:18:55.190 --> 00:18:55.200 align:start position:0%
interview that you had a
 

00:18:55.200 --> 00:18:56.950 align:start position:0%
interview that you had a
descendant<00:18:55.760><c> who</c><00:18:56.000><c> fought</c><00:18:56.320><c> in</c><00:18:56.400><c> the</c><00:18:56.480><c> civil</c><00:18:56.720><c> war</c>

00:18:56.950 --> 00:18:56.960 align:start position:0%
descendant who fought in the civil war
 

00:18:56.960 --> 00:18:59.029 align:start position:0%
descendant who fought in the civil war
could<00:18:57.120><c> you</c><00:18:57.280><c> talk</c><00:18:57.600><c> about</c><00:18:58.000><c> them</c>

00:18:59.029 --> 00:18:59.039 align:start position:0%
could you talk about them
 

00:18:59.039 --> 00:19:00.070 align:start position:0%
could you talk about them
yeah

00:19:00.070 --> 00:19:00.080 align:start position:0%
yeah
 

00:19:00.080 --> 00:19:02.390 align:start position:0%
yeah
his<00:19:00.240><c> name</c><00:19:00.480><c> was</c><00:19:00.720><c> aaron</c><00:19:01.120><c> hervey</c>

00:19:02.390 --> 00:19:02.400 align:start position:0%
his name was aaron hervey
 

00:19:02.400 --> 00:19:05.830 align:start position:0%
his name was aaron hervey
and<00:19:02.799><c> he</c><00:19:03.120><c> was</c><00:19:03.360><c> a</c><00:19:04.080><c> slave</c><00:19:04.480><c> in</c><00:19:04.559><c> kokomo</c><00:19:05.120><c> county</c>

00:19:05.830 --> 00:19:05.840 align:start position:0%
and he was a slave in kokomo county
 

00:19:05.840 --> 00:19:07.270 align:start position:0%
and he was a slave in kokomo county
mississippi

00:19:07.270 --> 00:19:07.280 align:start position:0%
mississippi
 

00:19:07.280 --> 00:19:09.270 align:start position:0%
mississippi
and<00:19:07.360><c> then</c><00:19:07.600><c> him</c><00:19:07.919><c> and</c><00:19:08.080><c> another</c><00:19:08.559><c> man</c><00:19:08.799><c> by</c><00:19:08.960><c> the</c><00:19:09.039><c> name</c>

00:19:09.270 --> 00:19:09.280 align:start position:0%
and then him and another man by the name
 

00:19:09.280 --> 00:19:11.990 align:start position:0%
and then him and another man by the name
of<00:19:09.360><c> burl</c><00:19:09.679><c> eastman</c><00:19:10.640><c> uh</c><00:19:10.960><c> ran</c><00:19:11.200><c> away</c><00:19:11.520><c> from</c><00:19:11.679><c> their</c>

00:19:11.990 --> 00:19:12.000 align:start position:0%
of burl eastman uh ran away from their
 

00:19:12.000 --> 00:19:13.430 align:start position:0%
of burl eastman uh ran away from their
plantation

00:19:13.430 --> 00:19:13.440 align:start position:0%
plantation
 

00:19:13.440 --> 00:19:16.150 align:start position:0%
plantation
and<00:19:13.760><c> uh</c><00:19:14.080><c> caught</c><00:19:14.400><c> a</c><00:19:14.559><c> union</c><00:19:14.960><c> gun</c><00:19:15.280><c> boat</c>

00:19:16.150 --> 00:19:16.160 align:start position:0%
and uh caught a union gun boat
 

00:19:16.160 --> 00:19:18.470 align:start position:0%
and uh caught a union gun boat
and<00:19:16.320><c> the</c><00:19:16.720><c> gunboat</c><00:19:17.360><c> basically</c><00:19:17.919><c> just</c><00:19:18.080><c> landed</c>

00:19:18.470 --> 00:19:18.480 align:start position:0%
and the gunboat basically just landed
 

00:19:18.480 --> 00:19:21.430 align:start position:0%
and the gunboat basically just landed
him<00:19:18.640><c> over</c><00:19:19.039><c> in</c><00:19:19.280><c> helena</c><00:19:20.240><c> arkansas</c>

00:19:21.430 --> 00:19:21.440 align:start position:0%
him over in helena arkansas
 

00:19:21.440 --> 00:19:23.990 align:start position:0%
him over in helena arkansas
and<00:19:21.600><c> then</c><00:19:21.919><c> two</c><00:19:22.160><c> days</c><00:19:22.480><c> later</c><00:19:22.880><c> he</c><00:19:23.039><c> was</c><00:19:23.280><c> a</c><00:19:23.440><c> part</c><00:19:23.679><c> of</c>

00:19:23.990 --> 00:19:24.000 align:start position:0%
and then two days later he was a part of
 

00:19:24.000 --> 00:19:26.470 align:start position:0%
and then two days later he was a part of
the<00:19:24.559><c> fourth</c><00:19:24.960><c> arkansas</c><00:19:25.440><c> regiment</c><00:19:25.919><c> of</c><00:19:26.080><c> african</c>

00:19:26.470 --> 00:19:26.480 align:start position:0%
the fourth arkansas regiment of african
 

00:19:26.480 --> 00:19:29.590 align:start position:0%
the fourth arkansas regiment of african
descent<00:19:27.200><c> otherwise</c><00:19:27.679><c> known</c><00:19:27.919><c> as</c><00:19:28.080><c> the</c><00:19:28.160><c> 57</c><00:19:29.200><c> united</c>

00:19:29.590 --> 00:19:29.600 align:start position:0%
descent otherwise known as the 57 united
 

00:19:29.600 --> 00:19:32.470 align:start position:0%
descent otherwise known as the 57 united
states<00:19:29.919><c> colored</c><00:19:30.240><c> troops</c><00:19:31.039><c> so</c><00:19:31.360><c> he</c><00:19:31.600><c> served</c><00:19:32.000><c> uh</c>

00:19:32.470 --> 00:19:32.480 align:start position:0%
states colored troops so he served uh
 

00:19:32.480 --> 00:19:35.750 align:start position:0%
states colored troops so he served uh
from<00:19:32.760><c> 1864</c><00:19:34.080><c> is</c><00:19:34.240><c> when</c><00:19:34.400><c> he</c><00:19:34.559><c> went</c><00:19:34.799><c> in</c><00:19:35.280><c> all</c><00:19:35.520><c> the</c><00:19:35.520><c> way</c>

00:19:35.750 --> 00:19:35.760 align:start position:0%
from 1864 is when he went in all the way
 

00:19:35.760 --> 00:19:36.830 align:start position:0%
from 1864 is when he went in all the way
up<00:19:35.919><c> until</c>

00:19:36.830 --> 00:19:36.840 align:start position:0%
up until
 

00:19:36.840 --> 00:19:39.110 align:start position:0%
up until
1866<00:19:37.919><c> when</c><00:19:38.080><c> he</c><00:19:38.240><c> was</c>

00:19:39.110 --> 00:19:39.120 align:start position:0%
1866 when he was
 

00:19:39.120 --> 00:19:42.390 align:start position:0%
1866 when he was
discharged<00:19:39.760><c> out</c><00:19:39.919><c> of</c><00:19:40.000><c> service</c>

00:19:42.390 --> 00:19:42.400 align:start position:0%
discharged out of service
 

00:19:42.400 --> 00:19:44.470 align:start position:0%
discharged out of service
and<00:19:42.559><c> then</c><00:19:42.720><c> what</c><00:19:42.880><c> was</c><00:19:43.440><c> what</c><00:19:43.600><c> became</c><00:19:44.000><c> of</c><00:19:44.160><c> him</c>

00:19:44.470 --> 00:19:44.480 align:start position:0%
and then what was what became of him
 

00:19:44.480 --> 00:19:46.070 align:start position:0%
and then what was what became of him
after<00:19:44.799><c> that</c>

00:19:46.070 --> 00:19:46.080 align:start position:0%
after that
 

00:19:46.080 --> 00:19:49.510 align:start position:0%
after that
well<00:19:46.320><c> he</c><00:19:46.480><c> became</c><00:19:47.120><c> a</c><00:19:47.520><c> minister</c><00:19:48.400><c> you</c><00:19:48.480><c> know</c><00:19:49.200><c> a</c><00:19:49.360><c> lot</c>

00:19:49.510 --> 00:19:49.520 align:start position:0%
well he became a minister you know a lot
 

00:19:49.520 --> 00:19:51.029 align:start position:0%
well he became a minister you know a lot
of<00:19:49.600><c> those</c><00:19:49.840><c> guys</c>

00:19:51.029 --> 00:19:51.039 align:start position:0%
of those guys
 

00:19:51.039 --> 00:19:52.789 align:start position:0%
of those guys
uh<00:19:51.520><c> didn't</c><00:19:51.840><c> get</c>

00:19:52.789 --> 00:19:52.799 align:start position:0%
uh didn't get
 

00:19:52.799 --> 00:19:54.870 align:start position:0%
uh didn't get
i<00:19:52.960><c> should</c><00:19:53.200><c> have</c><00:19:53.280><c> put</c><00:19:53.520><c> it</c>

00:19:54.870 --> 00:19:54.880 align:start position:0%
i should have put it
 

00:19:54.880 --> 00:19:57.750 align:start position:0%
i should have put it
decent<00:19:55.360><c> jobs</c><00:19:56.000><c> uh</c><00:19:56.799><c> so</c><00:19:57.120><c> you</c><00:19:57.200><c> know</c><00:19:57.360><c> he</c><00:19:57.440><c> became</c>

00:19:57.750 --> 00:19:57.760 align:start position:0%
decent jobs uh so you know he became
 

00:19:57.760 --> 00:20:00.950 align:start position:0%
decent jobs uh so you know he became
like<00:19:58.000><c> a</c><00:19:58.080><c> jonathan</c><00:19:58.799><c> and</c><00:19:59.360><c> a</c><00:19:59.760><c> preacher</c><00:20:00.240><c> uh</c><00:20:00.559><c> after</c>

00:20:00.950 --> 00:20:00.960 align:start position:0%
like a jonathan and a preacher uh after
 

00:20:00.960 --> 00:20:02.070 align:start position:0%
like a jonathan and a preacher uh after
that

00:20:02.070 --> 00:20:02.080 align:start position:0%
that
 

00:20:02.080 --> 00:20:04.390 align:start position:0%
that
and<00:20:02.400><c> did</c><00:20:02.559><c> he</c><00:20:02.720><c> reside</c><00:20:03.120><c> in</c><00:20:03.200><c> arkansas</c>

00:20:04.390 --> 00:20:04.400 align:start position:0%
and did he reside in arkansas
 

00:20:04.400 --> 00:20:07.029 align:start position:0%
and did he reside in arkansas
yes<00:20:04.640><c> he</c><00:20:04.720><c> resided</c><00:20:05.200><c> in</c><00:20:05.280><c> little</c><00:20:05.520><c> rock</c>

00:20:07.029 --> 00:20:07.039 align:start position:0%
yes he resided in little rock
 

00:20:07.039 --> 00:20:09.750 align:start position:0%
yes he resided in little rock
and<00:20:07.280><c> he's</c><00:20:07.520><c> he's</c><00:20:07.840><c> buried</c><00:20:08.159><c> up</c><00:20:08.400><c> at</c><00:20:08.640><c> the</c><00:20:09.280><c> national</c>

00:20:09.750 --> 00:20:09.760 align:start position:0%
and he's he's buried up at the national
 

00:20:09.760 --> 00:20:11.990 align:start position:0%
and he's he's buried up at the national
cemetery<00:20:10.320><c> there</c><00:20:10.480><c> in</c><00:20:10.640><c> the</c><00:20:10.799><c> world</c>

00:20:11.990 --> 00:20:12.000 align:start position:0%
cemetery there in the world
 

00:20:12.000 --> 00:20:14.710 align:start position:0%
cemetery there in the world
now<00:20:12.240><c> i</c><00:20:12.480><c> also</c><00:20:12.799><c> mentioned</c><00:20:13.360><c> uh</c><00:20:13.679><c> uh</c><00:20:13.919><c> earlier</c><00:20:14.559><c> in</c>

00:20:14.710 --> 00:20:14.720 align:start position:0%
now i also mentioned uh uh earlier in
 

00:20:14.720 --> 00:20:16.390 align:start position:0%
now i also mentioned uh uh earlier in
the<00:20:14.799><c> introduction</c><00:20:15.440><c> that</c><00:20:15.600><c> you</c>

00:20:16.390 --> 00:20:16.400 align:start position:0%
the introduction that you
 

00:20:16.400 --> 00:20:18.070 align:start position:0%
the introduction that you
were<00:20:16.559><c> the</c><00:20:16.720><c> designer</c><00:20:17.360><c> and</c>

00:20:18.070 --> 00:20:18.080 align:start position:0%
were the designer and
 

00:20:18.080 --> 00:20:20.390 align:start position:0%
were the designer and
help<00:20:18.480><c> and</c><00:20:18.640><c> guest</c><00:20:19.200><c> curator</c><00:20:19.760><c> of</c><00:20:19.840><c> the</c><00:20:20.000><c> exhibit</c>

00:20:20.390 --> 00:20:20.400 align:start position:0%
help and guest curator of the exhibit
 

00:20:20.400 --> 00:20:22.470 align:start position:0%
help and guest curator of the exhibit
freedom<00:20:20.799><c> of</c><00:20:21.039><c> freedom</c><00:20:21.360><c> arkansas</c><00:20:22.000><c> people</c><00:20:22.240><c> that</c>

00:20:22.470 --> 00:20:22.480 align:start position:0%
freedom of freedom arkansas people that
 

00:20:22.480 --> 00:20:23.750 align:start position:0%
freedom of freedom arkansas people that
consent

00:20:23.750 --> 00:20:23.760 align:start position:0%
consent
 

00:20:23.760 --> 00:20:25.990 align:start position:0%
consent
in<00:20:23.840><c> the</c><00:20:24.000><c> civil</c><00:20:24.320><c> war</c><00:20:25.039><c> can</c><00:20:25.200><c> you</c><00:20:25.360><c> tell</c><00:20:25.520><c> us</c><00:20:25.679><c> about</c>

00:20:25.990 --> 00:20:26.000 align:start position:0%
in the civil war can you tell us about
 

00:20:26.000 --> 00:20:27.110 align:start position:0%
in the civil war can you tell us about
how

00:20:27.110 --> 00:20:27.120 align:start position:0%
how
 

00:20:27.120 --> 00:20:30.149 align:start position:0%
how
uh<00:20:27.440><c> you</c><00:20:27.600><c> came</c><00:20:27.919><c> up</c><00:20:28.000><c> with</c><00:20:28.240><c> that</c><00:20:29.039><c> and</c>

00:20:30.149 --> 00:20:30.159 align:start position:0%
uh you came up with that and
 

00:20:30.159 --> 00:20:32.950 align:start position:0%
uh you came up with that and
obviously<00:20:30.640><c> there's</c><00:20:30.960><c> a</c><00:20:31.120><c> passion</c><00:20:31.600><c> there</c>

00:20:32.950 --> 00:20:32.960 align:start position:0%
obviously there's a passion there
 

00:20:32.960 --> 00:20:35.830 align:start position:0%
obviously there's a passion there
for for<00:20:33.760><c> such</c><00:20:34.000><c> an</c><00:20:34.159><c> exhibit</c><00:20:34.559><c> and</c><00:20:34.960><c> really</c>

00:20:35.830 --> 00:20:35.840 align:start position:0%
for for such an exhibit and really
 

00:20:35.840 --> 00:20:38.470 align:start position:0%
for for such an exhibit and really
i<00:20:36.000><c> think</c><00:20:36.400><c> at</c><00:20:36.480><c> the</c><00:20:36.720><c> time</c><00:20:37.440><c> there</c><00:20:37.679><c> had</c><00:20:37.919><c> not</c><00:20:38.159><c> been</c><00:20:38.400><c> a</c>

00:20:38.470 --> 00:20:38.480 align:start position:0%
i think at the time there had not been a
 

00:20:38.480 --> 00:20:40.870 align:start position:0%
i think at the time there had not been a
lot<00:20:38.880><c> of</c><00:20:39.039><c> focus</c><00:20:39.440><c> on</c><00:20:39.679><c> african-american</c><00:20:40.559><c> troops</c>

00:20:40.870 --> 00:20:40.880 align:start position:0%
lot of focus on african-american troops
 

00:20:40.880 --> 00:20:42.549 align:start position:0%
lot of focus on african-american troops
in<00:20:40.960><c> the</c><00:20:41.039><c> civil</c><00:20:41.440><c> war</c>

00:20:42.549 --> 00:20:42.559 align:start position:0%
in the civil war
 

00:20:42.559 --> 00:20:44.070 align:start position:0%
in the civil war
and<00:20:42.799><c> your</c><00:20:43.039><c> exhibit</c>

00:20:44.070 --> 00:20:44.080 align:start position:0%
and your exhibit
 

00:20:44.080 --> 00:20:45.590 align:start position:0%
and your exhibit
really

00:20:45.590 --> 00:20:45.600 align:start position:0%
really
 

00:20:45.600 --> 00:20:47.590 align:start position:0%
really
did<00:20:45.840><c> justice</c><00:20:46.320><c> to</c><00:20:46.480><c> them</c>

00:20:47.590 --> 00:20:47.600 align:start position:0%
did justice to them
 

00:20:47.600 --> 00:20:48.870 align:start position:0%
did justice to them
thank<00:20:47.760><c> you</c>

00:20:48.870 --> 00:20:48.880 align:start position:0%
thank you
 

00:20:48.880 --> 00:20:51.110 align:start position:0%
thank you
well<00:20:49.120><c> in</c><00:20:49.360><c> essence</c><00:20:49.840><c> uh</c><00:20:50.480><c> as</c><00:20:50.640><c> you</c><00:20:50.799><c> mentioned</c>

00:20:51.110 --> 00:20:51.120 align:start position:0%
well in essence uh as you mentioned
 

00:20:51.120 --> 00:20:53.270 align:start position:0%
well in essence uh as you mentioned
earlier<00:20:51.440><c> my</c><00:20:51.760><c> my</c><00:20:52.000><c> use</c>

00:20:53.270 --> 00:20:53.280 align:start position:0%
earlier my my use
 

00:20:53.280 --> 00:20:55.750 align:start position:0%
earlier my my use
my<00:20:53.520><c> personal</c><00:20:54.240><c> uh</c><00:20:54.640><c> knowledge</c>

00:20:55.750 --> 00:20:55.760 align:start position:0%
my personal uh knowledge
 

00:20:55.760 --> 00:20:57.750 align:start position:0%
my personal uh knowledge
also<00:20:56.080><c> being</c><00:20:56.400><c> a</c><00:20:56.480><c> descendant</c>

00:20:57.750 --> 00:20:57.760 align:start position:0%
also being a descendant
 

00:20:57.760 --> 00:20:58.549 align:start position:0%
also being a descendant
um

00:20:58.549 --> 00:20:58.559 align:start position:0%
um
 

00:20:58.559 --> 00:21:00.710 align:start position:0%
um
i<00:20:58.799><c> have</c><00:20:59.039><c> researched</c><00:20:59.679><c> for</c><00:21:00.000><c> a</c><00:21:00.159><c> number</c><00:21:00.400><c> of</c><00:21:00.480><c> years</c>

00:21:00.710 --> 00:21:00.720 align:start position:0%
i have researched for a number of years
 

00:21:00.720 --> 00:21:04.390 align:start position:0%
i have researched for a number of years
i've<00:21:00.880><c> gone</c><00:21:01.120><c> through</c><00:21:01.440><c> over</c><00:21:02.159><c> 10</c><00:21:02.559><c> 000</c><00:21:03.280><c> um</c>

00:21:04.390 --> 00:21:04.400 align:start position:0%
i've gone through over 10 000 um
 

00:21:04.400 --> 00:21:06.789 align:start position:0%
i've gone through over 10 000 um
soldiers<00:21:04.880><c> of</c><00:21:05.120><c> african</c><00:21:05.440><c> descent</c><00:21:05.919><c> that</c><00:21:06.080><c> served</c>

00:21:06.789 --> 00:21:06.799 align:start position:0%
soldiers of african descent that served
 

00:21:06.799 --> 00:21:09.110 align:start position:0%
soldiers of african descent that served
in<00:21:06.960><c> arkansas</c><00:21:08.000><c> and</c><00:21:08.240><c> so</c><00:21:08.400><c> i'm</c><00:21:08.559><c> talking</c><00:21:08.880><c> about</c>

00:21:09.110 --> 00:21:09.120 align:start position:0%
in arkansas and so i'm talking about
 

00:21:09.120 --> 00:21:12.149 align:start position:0%
in arkansas and so i'm talking about
guys<00:21:09.360><c> from</c><00:21:09.600><c> iowa</c><00:21:10.159><c> from</c><00:21:10.400><c> kansas</c><00:21:11.280><c> uh</c><00:21:11.679><c> and</c><00:21:11.919><c> so</c>

00:21:12.149 --> 00:21:12.159 align:start position:0%
guys from iowa from kansas uh and so
 

00:21:12.159 --> 00:21:16.390 align:start position:0%
guys from iowa from kansas uh and so
forth<00:21:12.880><c> and</c><00:21:13.039><c> so</c><00:21:13.440><c> i</c><00:21:13.840><c> knew</c><00:21:14.080><c> this</c><00:21:14.320><c> history</c><00:21:14.799><c> i</c><00:21:16.159><c> had</c>

00:21:16.390 --> 00:21:16.400 align:start position:0%
forth and so i knew this history i had
 

00:21:16.400 --> 00:21:18.470 align:start position:0%
forth and so i knew this history i had
read<00:21:16.640><c> some</c><00:21:16.799><c> of</c><00:21:16.880><c> their</c><00:21:17.039><c> first</c><00:21:17.280><c> hands</c><00:21:17.679><c> account</c>

00:21:18.470 --> 00:21:18.480 align:start position:0%
read some of their first hands account
 

00:21:18.480 --> 00:21:20.230 align:start position:0%
read some of their first hands account
of<00:21:18.720><c> their</c><00:21:18.960><c> experiences</c>

00:21:20.230 --> 00:21:20.240 align:start position:0%
of their experiences
 

00:21:20.240 --> 00:21:22.310 align:start position:0%
of their experiences
uh<00:21:20.480><c> i</c><00:21:20.799><c> also</c><00:21:21.200><c> studied</c><00:21:21.600><c> uh</c><00:21:21.919><c> some</c><00:21:22.080><c> of</c><00:21:22.159><c> the</c>

00:21:22.310 --> 00:21:22.320 align:start position:0%
uh i also studied uh some of the
 

00:21:22.320 --> 00:21:25.510 align:start position:0%
uh i also studied uh some of the
generals<00:21:22.799><c> and</c><00:21:22.960><c> also</c><00:21:23.679><c> officers</c><00:21:24.799><c> and</c><00:21:25.120><c> uh</c><00:21:25.360><c> who</c>

00:21:25.510 --> 00:21:25.520 align:start position:0%
generals and also officers and uh who
 

00:21:25.520 --> 00:21:28.390 align:start position:0%
generals and also officers and uh who
were<00:21:25.679><c> over</c><00:21:25.919><c> these</c><00:21:26.159><c> men</c><00:21:26.880><c> and</c><00:21:27.039><c> so</c><00:21:27.520><c> the</c><00:21:27.840><c> concept</c>

00:21:28.390 --> 00:21:28.400 align:start position:0%
were over these men and so the concept
 

00:21:28.400 --> 00:21:30.710 align:start position:0%
were over these men and so the concept
was<00:21:28.640><c> to</c><00:21:28.799><c> come</c><00:21:29.039><c> about</c><00:21:29.440><c> telling</c><00:21:29.760><c> the</c><00:21:29.840><c> story</c>

00:21:30.710 --> 00:21:30.720 align:start position:0%
was to come about telling the story
 

00:21:30.720 --> 00:21:32.710 align:start position:0%
was to come about telling the story
of<00:21:31.039><c> how</c><00:21:31.440><c> well</c><00:21:31.679><c> let</c><00:21:31.840><c> me</c><00:21:31.919><c> just</c><00:21:32.159><c> back</c><00:21:32.400><c> up</c><00:21:32.480><c> just</c>

00:21:32.710 --> 00:21:32.720 align:start position:0%
of how well let me just back up just
 

00:21:32.720 --> 00:21:35.750 align:start position:0%
of how well let me just back up just
briefly<00:21:33.600><c> uh</c><00:21:34.000><c> as</c><00:21:34.320><c> a</c>

00:21:35.750 --> 00:21:35.760 align:start position:0%
briefly uh as a
 

00:21:35.760 --> 00:21:37.750 align:start position:0%
briefly uh as a
senior<00:21:36.159><c> at</c><00:21:36.320><c> little</c><00:21:36.559><c> rock</c><00:21:36.799><c> central</c><00:21:37.200><c> high</c><00:21:37.440><c> maybe</c>

00:21:37.750 --> 00:21:37.760 align:start position:0%
senior at little rock central high maybe
 

00:21:37.760 --> 00:21:39.350 align:start position:0%
senior at little rock central high maybe
i<00:21:37.840><c> think</c><00:21:38.000><c> i</c><00:21:38.080><c> was</c><00:21:38.240><c> in</c><00:21:38.480><c> junior</c><00:21:38.799><c> class</c><00:21:39.120><c> i</c><00:21:39.200><c> was</c>

00:21:39.350 --> 00:21:39.360 align:start position:0%
i think i was in junior class i was
 

00:21:39.360 --> 00:21:42.549 align:start position:0%
i think i was in junior class i was
taking<00:21:40.240><c> a</c><00:21:40.400><c> class</c><00:21:40.720><c> in</c><00:21:40.880><c> american</c><00:21:41.280><c> history</c>

00:21:42.549 --> 00:21:42.559 align:start position:0%
taking a class in american history
 

00:21:42.559 --> 00:21:45.270 align:start position:0%
taking a class in american history
and<00:21:42.799><c> my</c><00:21:43.039><c> teacher</c><00:21:43.919><c> uh</c>

00:21:45.270 --> 00:21:45.280 align:start position:0%
and my teacher uh
 

00:21:45.280 --> 00:21:47.669 align:start position:0%
and my teacher uh
basically<00:21:45.840><c> said</c><00:21:46.159><c> that</c><00:21:46.480><c> um</c><00:21:47.200><c> and</c><00:21:47.360><c> she</c><00:21:47.520><c> had</c><00:21:47.600><c> to</c>

00:21:47.669 --> 00:21:47.679 align:start position:0%
basically said that um and she had to
 

00:21:47.679 --> 00:21:50.070 align:start position:0%
basically said that um and she had to
teach<00:21:47.919><c> this</c><00:21:48.080><c> course</c><00:21:48.480><c> on</c><00:21:49.120><c> on</c><00:21:49.360><c> the</c><00:21:49.440><c> civil</c><00:21:49.760><c> wars</c>

00:21:50.070 --> 00:21:50.080 align:start position:0%
teach this course on on the civil wars
 

00:21:50.080 --> 00:21:51.990 align:start position:0%
teach this course on on the civil wars
part<00:21:50.240><c> of</c><00:21:50.400><c> american</c><00:21:50.799><c> history</c><00:21:51.679><c> so</c><00:21:51.840><c> she</c>

00:21:51.990 --> 00:21:52.000 align:start position:0%
part of american history so she
 

00:21:52.000 --> 00:21:53.669 align:start position:0%
part of american history so she
basically<00:21:52.480><c> said</c><00:21:52.720><c> that</c><00:21:52.960><c> lincoln</c><00:21:53.280><c> freed</c><00:21:53.520><c> the</c>

00:21:53.669 --> 00:21:53.679 align:start position:0%
basically said that lincoln freed the
 

00:21:53.679 --> 00:21:56.149 align:start position:0%
basically said that lincoln freed the
slaves<00:21:54.159><c> and</c><00:21:54.240><c> the</c><00:21:54.400><c> slaves</c><00:21:54.799><c> lived</c><00:21:55.520><c> like</c><00:21:55.760><c> happily</c>

00:21:56.149 --> 00:21:56.159 align:start position:0%
slaves and the slaves lived like happily
 

00:21:56.159 --> 00:21:57.430 align:start position:0%
slaves and the slaves lived like happily
ever<00:21:56.480><c> apple</c>

00:21:57.430 --> 00:21:57.440 align:start position:0%
ever apple
 

00:21:57.440 --> 00:22:00.630 align:start position:0%
ever apple
and<00:21:57.600><c> i</c><00:21:57.679><c> could</c><00:21:57.919><c> never</c><00:21:58.400><c> take</c><00:21:58.720><c> that</c><00:21:59.200><c> uh</c>

00:22:00.630 --> 00:22:00.640 align:start position:0%
and i could never take that uh
 

00:22:00.640 --> 00:22:02.149 align:start position:0%
and i could never take that uh
that<00:22:00.880><c> that</c><00:22:01.120><c> approach</c>

00:22:02.149 --> 00:22:02.159 align:start position:0%
that that approach
 

00:22:02.159 --> 00:22:04.470 align:start position:0%
that that approach
and<00:22:02.320><c> believe</c><00:22:02.720><c> that</c><00:22:03.280><c> that</c><00:22:03.520><c> was</c><00:22:03.760><c> all</c><00:22:04.000><c> that</c><00:22:04.240><c> ever</c>

00:22:04.470 --> 00:22:04.480 align:start position:0%
and believe that that was all that ever
 

00:22:04.480 --> 00:22:05.430 align:start position:0%
and believe that that was all that ever
happened

00:22:05.430 --> 00:22:05.440 align:start position:0%
happened
 

00:22:05.440 --> 00:22:08.630 align:start position:0%
happened
and<00:22:05.600><c> so</c><00:22:05.840><c> as</c><00:22:06.159><c> i</c><00:22:06.480><c> once</c><00:22:06.720><c> i</c><00:22:06.960><c> found</c><00:22:07.360><c> out</c><00:22:07.840><c> uh</c><00:22:08.240><c> that</c><00:22:08.480><c> i</c>

00:22:08.630 --> 00:22:08.640 align:start position:0%
and so as i once i found out uh that i
 

00:22:08.640 --> 00:22:10.149 align:start position:0%
and so as i once i found out uh that i
had<00:22:08.799><c> a</c><00:22:08.960><c> relative</c>

00:22:10.149 --> 00:22:10.159 align:start position:0%
had a relative
 

00:22:10.159 --> 00:22:13.190 align:start position:0%
had a relative
that<00:22:10.400><c> served</c><00:22:10.720><c> in</c><00:22:10.799><c> the</c><00:22:10.960><c> civil</c><00:22:11.280><c> war</c><00:22:12.320><c> uh</c><00:22:12.799><c> it</c><00:22:12.960><c> made</c>

00:22:13.190 --> 00:22:13.200 align:start position:0%
that served in the civil war uh it made
 

00:22:13.200 --> 00:22:15.190 align:start position:0%
that served in the civil war uh it made
me<00:22:13.440><c> do</c><00:22:13.760><c> more</c><00:22:14.080><c> research</c>

00:22:15.190 --> 00:22:15.200 align:start position:0%
me do more research
 

00:22:15.200 --> 00:22:18.549 align:start position:0%
me do more research
and<00:22:15.520><c> of</c><00:22:15.600><c> course</c><00:22:15.919><c> i</c><00:22:16.080><c> met</c><00:22:16.320><c> with</c><00:22:16.799><c> dr</c><00:22:17.600><c> uh</c><00:22:18.240><c> greg</c>

00:22:18.549 --> 00:22:18.559 align:start position:0%
and of course i met with dr uh greg
 

00:22:18.559 --> 00:22:21.110 align:start position:0%
and of course i met with dr uh greg
irwin<00:22:19.039><c> who</c><00:22:19.200><c> was</c><00:22:19.360><c> at</c><00:22:19.440><c> uca</c><00:22:20.000><c> at</c><00:22:20.080><c> the</c><00:22:20.240><c> time</c>

00:22:21.110 --> 00:22:21.120 align:start position:0%
irwin who was at uca at the time
 

00:22:21.120 --> 00:22:23.190 align:start position:0%
irwin who was at uca at the time
and<00:22:21.280><c> he</c><00:22:21.440><c> helped</c><00:22:21.760><c> me</c><00:22:22.000><c> with</c><00:22:22.159><c> the</c><00:22:22.480><c> materials</c><00:22:23.120><c> and</c>

00:22:23.190 --> 00:22:23.200 align:start position:0%
and he helped me with the materials and
 

00:22:23.200 --> 00:22:25.110 align:start position:0%
and he helped me with the materials and
then<00:22:23.440><c> from</c><00:22:23.600><c> there</c><00:22:24.159><c> i</c><00:22:24.320><c> went</c><00:22:24.480><c> to</c><00:22:24.640><c> the</c><00:22:24.799><c> national</c>

00:22:25.110 --> 00:22:25.120 align:start position:0%
then from there i went to the national
 

00:22:25.120 --> 00:22:27.830 align:start position:0%
then from there i went to the national
archives<00:22:25.679><c> and</c><00:22:26.080><c> list</c><00:22:26.480><c> from</c><00:22:26.720><c> there</c><00:22:27.280><c> it</c><00:22:27.440><c> went</c><00:22:27.679><c> on</c>

00:22:27.830 --> 00:22:27.840 align:start position:0%
archives and list from there it went on
 

00:22:27.840 --> 00:22:29.990 align:start position:0%
archives and list from there it went on
and<00:22:28.000><c> on</c><00:22:28.159><c> from</c><00:22:28.400><c> there</c><00:22:28.640><c> so</c><00:22:28.799><c> i</c><00:22:28.960><c> ended</c><00:22:29.200><c> up</c><00:22:29.280><c> doing</c>

00:22:29.990 --> 00:22:30.000 align:start position:0%
and on from there so i ended up doing
 

00:22:30.000 --> 00:22:32.470 align:start position:0%
and on from there so i ended up doing
civil<00:22:30.320><c> war</c><00:22:30.559><c> reenacting</c><00:22:31.360><c> and</c><00:22:31.520><c> so</c><00:22:31.840><c> forth</c><00:22:32.240><c> on</c><00:22:32.400><c> the</c>

00:22:32.470 --> 00:22:32.480 align:start position:0%
civil war reenacting and so forth on the
 

00:22:32.480 --> 00:22:35.190 align:start position:0%
civil war reenacting and so forth on the
movie<00:22:32.799><c> glory</c><00:22:33.679><c> so</c><00:22:34.159><c> all</c><00:22:34.400><c> of</c><00:22:34.480><c> these</c><00:22:34.799><c> things</c>

00:22:35.190 --> 00:22:35.200 align:start position:0%
movie glory so all of these things
 

00:22:35.200 --> 00:22:36.710 align:start position:0%
movie glory so all of these things
helped<00:22:35.520><c> me</c><00:22:35.919><c> tell</c>

00:22:36.710 --> 00:22:36.720 align:start position:0%
helped me tell
 

00:22:36.720 --> 00:22:38.390 align:start position:0%
helped me tell
the<00:22:36.880><c> story</c><00:22:37.280><c> better</c><00:22:37.600><c> because</c><00:22:37.919><c> i</c><00:22:38.080><c> had</c><00:22:38.240><c> an</c>

00:22:38.390 --> 00:22:38.400 align:start position:0%
the story better because i had an
 

00:22:38.400 --> 00:22:40.310 align:start position:0%
the story better because i had an
understanding<00:22:39.039><c> of</c><00:22:39.120><c> maybe</c><00:22:39.679><c> what</c><00:22:39.840><c> these</c><00:22:40.080><c> men</c>

00:22:40.310 --> 00:22:40.320 align:start position:0%
understanding of maybe what these men
 

00:22:40.320 --> 00:22:42.950 align:start position:0%
understanding of maybe what these men
they<00:22:40.640><c> went</c><00:22:40.880><c> through</c><00:22:41.600><c> and</c><00:22:41.840><c> also</c><00:22:42.400><c> the</c><00:22:42.559><c> history</c>

00:22:42.950 --> 00:22:42.960 align:start position:0%
they went through and also the history
 

00:22:42.960 --> 00:22:45.190 align:start position:0%
they went through and also the history
of<00:22:43.039><c> the</c><00:22:43.200><c> background</c><00:22:44.080><c> and</c><00:22:44.320><c> also</c><00:22:44.559><c> i</c><00:22:44.720><c> had</c><00:22:44.960><c> some</c>

00:22:45.190 --> 00:22:45.200 align:start position:0%
of the background and also i had some
 

00:22:45.200 --> 00:22:47.590 align:start position:0%
of the background and also i had some
personal<00:22:45.679><c> account</c><00:22:46.559><c> by</c><00:22:46.880><c> going</c><00:22:47.120><c> through</c><00:22:47.280><c> their</c>

00:22:47.590 --> 00:22:47.600 align:start position:0%
personal account by going through their
 

00:22:47.600 --> 00:22:49.750 align:start position:0%
personal account by going through their
pension<00:22:48.000><c> records</c>

00:22:49.750 --> 00:22:49.760 align:start position:0%
pension records
 

00:22:49.760 --> 00:22:51.110 align:start position:0%
pension records
right

00:22:51.110 --> 00:22:51.120 align:start position:0%
right
 

00:22:51.120 --> 00:22:51.909 align:start position:0%
right
and

00:22:51.909 --> 00:22:51.919 align:start position:0%
and
 

00:22:51.919 --> 00:22:53.430 align:start position:0%
and
um

00:22:53.430 --> 00:22:53.440 align:start position:0%
um
 

00:22:53.440 --> 00:22:54.870 align:start position:0%
um
what<00:22:53.679><c> are</c><00:22:53.840><c> some</c><00:22:54.080><c> projects</c><00:22:54.559><c> that</c><00:22:54.640><c> you're</c>

00:22:54.870 --> 00:22:54.880 align:start position:0%
what are some projects that you're
 

00:22:54.880 --> 00:22:56.470 align:start position:0%
what are some projects that you're
working<00:22:55.360><c> that</c><00:22:55.520><c> you</c><00:22:55.679><c> can</c><00:22:55.840><c> share</c><00:22:56.080><c> with</c><00:22:56.240><c> us</c><00:22:56.400><c> that</c>

00:22:56.470 --> 00:22:56.480 align:start position:0%
working that you can share with us that
 

00:22:56.480 --> 00:22:58.710 align:start position:0%
working that you can share with us that
you're<00:22:56.720><c> working</c><00:22:57.039><c> on</c><00:22:57.280><c> now</c>

00:22:58.710 --> 00:22:58.720 align:start position:0%
you're working on now
 

00:22:58.720 --> 00:23:00.789 align:start position:0%
you're working on now
well<00:22:59.039><c> i'm</c><00:22:59.200><c> a</c><00:22:59.280><c> person</c><00:22:59.679><c> that</c><00:22:59.760><c> have</c><00:23:00.000><c> my</c><00:23:00.400><c> hands</c><00:23:00.720><c> on</c>

00:23:00.789 --> 00:23:00.799 align:start position:0%
well i'm a person that have my hands on
 

00:23:00.799 --> 00:23:02.149 align:start position:0%
well i'm a person that have my hands on
a<00:23:00.880><c> lot</c><00:23:01.120><c> of</c>

00:23:02.149 --> 00:23:02.159 align:start position:0%
a lot of
 

00:23:02.159 --> 00:23:03.990 align:start position:0%
a lot of
things<00:23:02.640><c> i'm</c><00:23:02.960><c> uh</c>

00:23:03.990 --> 00:23:04.000 align:start position:0%
things i'm uh
 

00:23:04.000 --> 00:23:05.750 align:start position:0%
things i'm uh
as<00:23:04.240><c> an</c><00:23:04.400><c> artist</c><00:23:04.799><c> it's</c><00:23:04.960><c> been</c><00:23:05.120><c> a</c><00:23:05.280><c> while</c><00:23:05.520><c> since</c>

00:23:05.750 --> 00:23:05.760 align:start position:0%
as an artist it's been a while since
 

00:23:05.760 --> 00:23:07.510 align:start position:0%
as an artist it's been a while since
i've<00:23:05.840><c> been</c><00:23:06.000><c> able</c><00:23:06.159><c> to</c><00:23:06.240><c> get</c><00:23:06.480><c> back</c><00:23:06.720><c> to</c><00:23:07.120><c> doing</c>

00:23:07.510 --> 00:23:07.520 align:start position:0%
i've been able to get back to doing
 

00:23:07.520 --> 00:23:08.549 align:start position:0%
i've been able to get back to doing
artwork

00:23:08.549 --> 00:23:08.559 align:start position:0%
artwork
 

00:23:08.559 --> 00:23:10.310 align:start position:0%
artwork
and<00:23:08.720><c> so</c><00:23:08.880><c> i'm</c><00:23:09.039><c> doing</c><00:23:09.360><c> some</c><00:23:09.679><c> writing</c><00:23:10.000><c> and</c><00:23:10.159><c> i've</c>

00:23:10.310 --> 00:23:10.320 align:start position:0%
and so i'm doing some writing and i've
 

00:23:10.320 --> 00:23:13.270 align:start position:0%
and so i'm doing some writing and i've
got<00:23:10.640><c> a</c><00:23:11.280><c> couple</c><00:23:11.520><c> of</c><00:23:11.679><c> projects</c><00:23:12.159><c> with</c><00:23:12.400><c> some</c><00:23:12.720><c> parts</c>

00:23:13.270 --> 00:23:13.280 align:start position:0%
got a couple of projects with some parts
 

00:23:13.280 --> 00:23:15.990 align:start position:0%
got a couple of projects with some parts
uh<00:23:14.000><c> but</c><00:23:14.240><c> again</c><00:23:14.480><c> with</c><00:23:14.640><c> these</c><00:23:14.880><c> copic</c><00:23:15.280><c> virus</c>

00:23:15.990 --> 00:23:16.000 align:start position:0%
uh but again with these copic virus
 

00:23:16.000 --> 00:23:18.870 align:start position:0%
uh but again with these copic virus
those<00:23:16.240><c> things</c><00:23:16.559><c> have</c><00:23:16.640><c> been</c><00:23:16.880><c> put</c><00:23:17.200><c> on</c><00:23:17.440><c> on</c><00:23:17.679><c> hold</c>

00:23:18.870 --> 00:23:18.880 align:start position:0%
those things have been put on on hold
 

00:23:18.880 --> 00:23:20.630 align:start position:0%
those things have been put on on hold
right

00:23:20.630 --> 00:23:20.640 align:start position:0%
right
 

00:23:20.640 --> 00:23:24.310 align:start position:0%
right
and<00:23:21.039><c> uh</c><00:23:21.280><c> i</c><00:23:21.039><c> i</c><00:23:22.080><c> neglected</c><00:23:22.720><c> to</c><00:23:23.120><c> uh</c><00:23:23.600><c> to</c><00:23:23.840><c> mention</c>

00:23:24.310 --> 00:23:24.320 align:start position:0%
and uh i i neglected to uh to mention
 

00:23:24.320 --> 00:23:26.789 align:start position:0%
and uh i i neglected to uh to mention
earlier<00:23:24.880><c> that</c><00:23:25.280><c> uh</c><00:23:25.679><c> you</c><00:23:26.000><c> were</c><00:23:26.240><c> the</c><00:23:26.480><c> first</c>

00:23:26.789 --> 00:23:26.799 align:start position:0%
earlier that uh you were the first
 

00:23:26.799 --> 00:23:28.870 align:start position:0%
earlier that uh you were the first
director<00:23:27.440><c> of</c><00:23:27.600><c> the</c><00:23:27.679><c> arkansas</c>

00:23:28.870 --> 00:23:28.880 align:start position:0%
director of the arkansas
 

00:23:28.880 --> 00:23:29.909 align:start position:0%
director of the arkansas
uh

00:23:29.909 --> 00:23:29.919 align:start position:0%
uh
 

00:23:29.919 --> 00:23:32.549 align:start position:0%
uh
uh<00:23:30.320><c> black</c><00:23:30.559><c> history</c><00:23:30.960><c> commission</c><00:23:31.520><c> here</c><00:23:31.760><c> in</c>

00:23:32.549 --> 00:23:32.559 align:start position:0%
uh black history commission here in
 

00:23:32.559 --> 00:23:33.590 align:start position:0%
uh black history commission here in
iraq

00:23:33.590 --> 00:23:33.600 align:start position:0%
iraq
 

00:23:33.600 --> 00:23:35.270 align:start position:0%
iraq
okay<00:23:34.159><c> and</c><00:23:34.320><c> so</c><00:23:34.559><c> you</c>

00:23:35.270 --> 00:23:35.280 align:start position:0%
okay and so you
 

00:23:35.280 --> 00:23:36.870 align:start position:0%
okay and so you
when<00:23:35.440><c> your</c><00:23:35.600><c> time</c><00:23:35.919><c> here</c><00:23:36.159><c> in</c><00:23:36.320><c> little</c><00:23:36.480><c> rock</c><00:23:36.720><c> you</c>

00:23:36.870 --> 00:23:36.880 align:start position:0%
when your time here in little rock you
 

00:23:36.880 --> 00:23:38.710 align:start position:0%
when your time here in little rock you
were<00:23:37.039><c> very</c><00:23:37.280><c> active</c><00:23:37.600><c> in</c><00:23:37.760><c> many</c><00:23:38.000><c> things</c><00:23:38.320><c> as</c><00:23:38.400><c> well</c>

00:23:38.710 --> 00:23:38.720 align:start position:0%
were very active in many things as well
 

00:23:38.720 --> 00:23:40.549 align:start position:0%
were very active in many things as well
so<00:23:38.880><c> it's</c><00:23:39.120><c> not</c><00:23:39.280><c> surprising</c><00:23:39.840><c> you're</c><00:23:40.320><c> you're</c>

00:23:40.549 --> 00:23:40.559 align:start position:0%
so it's not surprising you're you're
 

00:23:40.559 --> 00:23:43.190 align:start position:0%
so it's not surprising you're you're
still<00:23:40.799><c> active</c><00:23:41.279><c> now</c>

00:23:43.190 --> 00:23:43.200 align:start position:0%
still active now
 

00:23:43.200 --> 00:23:45.590 align:start position:0%
still active now
well<00:23:43.520><c> you</c><00:23:43.679><c> know</c><00:23:43.919><c> it's</c><00:23:44.240><c> it's</c><00:23:44.559><c> a</c><00:23:45.200><c> it's</c><00:23:45.440><c> a</c>

00:23:45.590 --> 00:23:45.600 align:start position:0%
well you know it's it's a it's a
 

00:23:45.600 --> 00:23:47.750 align:start position:0%
well you know it's it's a it's a
lifestyle<00:23:46.559><c> it's</c><00:23:46.799><c> uh</c><00:23:47.120><c> what</c><00:23:47.279><c> you</c><00:23:47.440><c> have</c><00:23:47.600><c> a</c>

00:23:47.750 --> 00:23:47.760 align:start position:0%
lifestyle it's uh what you have a
 

00:23:47.760 --> 00:23:49.190 align:start position:0%
lifestyle it's uh what you have a
passion<00:23:48.240><c> for</c>

00:23:49.190 --> 00:23:49.200 align:start position:0%
passion for
 

00:23:49.200 --> 00:23:51.590 align:start position:0%
passion for
uh<00:23:49.840><c> these</c><00:23:50.080><c> are</c><00:23:50.240><c> stories</c><00:23:50.880><c> that</c><00:23:51.120><c> need</c><00:23:51.360><c> to</c><00:23:51.440><c> be</c>

00:23:51.590 --> 00:23:51.600 align:start position:0%
uh these are stories that need to be
 

00:23:51.600 --> 00:23:52.549 align:start position:0%
uh these are stories that need to be
told

00:23:52.549 --> 00:23:52.559 align:start position:0%
told
 

00:23:52.559 --> 00:23:54.390 align:start position:0%
told
uh<00:23:52.880><c> there</c><00:23:53.039><c> are</c><00:23:53.200><c> stories</c><00:23:53.600><c> that</c><00:23:53.760><c> are</c><00:23:53.919><c> out</c><00:23:54.080><c> there</c>

00:23:54.390 --> 00:23:54.400 align:start position:0%
uh there are stories that are out there
 

00:23:54.400 --> 00:23:55.110 align:start position:0%
uh there are stories that are out there
that

00:23:55.110 --> 00:23:55.120 align:start position:0%
that
 

00:23:55.120 --> 00:23:57.669 align:start position:0%
that
people<00:23:55.440><c> need</c><00:23:55.679><c> to</c><00:23:55.840><c> be</c><00:23:56.080><c> able</c><00:23:56.320><c> to</c><00:23:56.880><c> be</c><00:23:57.120><c> engaged</c>

00:23:57.669 --> 00:23:57.679 align:start position:0%
people need to be able to be engaged
 

00:23:57.679 --> 00:24:00.149 align:start position:0%
people need to be able to be engaged
with<00:23:58.000><c> so</c><00:23:58.640><c> that's</c><00:23:59.440><c> that's</c><00:23:59.679><c> what</c><00:23:59.840><c> i'm</c><00:23:59.919><c> doing</c>

00:24:00.149 --> 00:24:00.159 align:start position:0%
with so that's that's what i'm doing
 

00:24:00.159 --> 00:24:02.470 align:start position:0%
with so that's that's what i'm doing
that's<00:24:00.400><c> what</c><00:24:00.480><c> i'm</c><00:24:00.640><c> about</c>

00:24:02.470 --> 00:24:02.480 align:start position:0%
that's what i'm about
 

00:24:02.480 --> 00:24:04.870 align:start position:0%
that's what i'm about
well<00:24:02.799><c> i</c><00:24:03.039><c> thank</c><00:24:03.279><c> you</c><00:24:03.520><c> for</c><00:24:04.000><c> uh</c>

00:24:04.870 --> 00:24:04.880 align:start position:0%
well i thank you for uh
 

00:24:04.880 --> 00:24:07.110 align:start position:0%
well i thank you for uh
your<00:24:05.120><c> interview</c><00:24:05.760><c> sharing</c><00:24:06.080><c> your</c><00:24:06.320><c> thoughts</c><00:24:06.880><c> and</c>

00:24:07.110 --> 00:24:07.120 align:start position:0%
your interview sharing your thoughts and
 

00:24:07.120 --> 00:24:10.390 align:start position:0%
your interview sharing your thoughts and
your<00:24:07.360><c> knowledge</c><00:24:07.840><c> with</c><00:24:08.159><c> us</c><00:24:08.559><c> and</c>

00:24:10.390 --> 00:24:10.400 align:start position:0%
your knowledge with us and
 

00:24:10.400 --> 00:24:11.430 align:start position:0%
your knowledge with us and
i<00:24:10.640><c> think</c>

00:24:11.430 --> 00:24:11.440 align:start position:0%
i think
 

00:24:11.440 --> 00:24:13.669 align:start position:0%
i think
even<00:24:11.760><c> today</c><00:24:12.080><c> even</c><00:24:12.320><c> though</c><00:24:12.720><c> you</c><00:24:13.120><c> started</c><00:24:13.520><c> the</c>

00:24:13.669 --> 00:24:13.679 align:start position:0%
even today even though you started the
 

00:24:13.679 --> 00:24:14.549 align:start position:0%
even today even though you started the
work

00:24:14.549 --> 00:24:14.559 align:start position:0%
work
 

00:24:14.559 --> 00:24:15.269 align:start position:0%
work
it

00:24:15.269 --> 00:24:15.279 align:start position:0%
it
 

00:24:15.279 --> 00:24:18.789 align:start position:0%
it
uh<00:24:15.679><c> african-american</c><00:24:16.480><c> soldiers</c>

00:24:18.789 --> 00:24:18.799 align:start position:0%
uh african-american soldiers
 

00:24:18.799 --> 00:24:21.110 align:start position:0%
uh african-american soldiers
when<00:24:19.039><c> we</c><00:24:19.200><c> tell</c><00:24:19.440><c> the</c><00:24:19.679><c> civil</c><00:24:20.000><c> war</c><00:24:20.320><c> story</c><00:24:20.880><c> and</c>

00:24:21.110 --> 00:24:21.120 align:start position:0%
when we tell the civil war story and
 

00:24:21.120 --> 00:24:24.470 align:start position:0%
when we tell the civil war story and
after<00:24:21.919><c> they</c><00:24:22.240><c> still</c><00:24:22.559><c> don't</c><00:24:22.799><c> get</c><00:24:23.200><c> the</c>

00:24:24.470 --> 00:24:24.480 align:start position:0%
after they still don't get the
 

00:24:24.480 --> 00:24:27.190 align:start position:0%
after they still don't get the
recognition<00:24:25.120><c> that</c><00:24:25.279><c> they</c><00:24:25.440><c> deserve</c><00:24:26.159><c> and</c><00:24:26.320><c> so</c><00:24:26.880><c> i'm</c>

00:24:27.190 --> 00:24:27.200 align:start position:0%
recognition that they deserve and so i'm
 

00:24:27.200 --> 00:24:28.710 align:start position:0%
recognition that they deserve and so i'm
i<00:24:27.279><c> know</c><00:24:27.520><c> i'm</c><00:24:27.679><c> trying</c><00:24:27.919><c> to</c><00:24:28.080><c> change</c><00:24:28.320><c> that</c><00:24:28.559><c> a</c><00:24:28.559><c> lot</c>

00:24:28.710 --> 00:24:28.720 align:start position:0%
i know i'm trying to change that a lot
 

00:24:28.720 --> 00:24:30.710 align:start position:0%
i know i'm trying to change that a lot
of<00:24:28.880><c> historians</c><00:24:29.440><c> are</c><00:24:29.520><c> kind</c><00:24:29.919><c> and</c><00:24:30.080><c> educated</c><00:24:30.559><c> for</c>

00:24:30.710 --> 00:24:30.720 align:start position:0%
of historians are kind and educated for
 

00:24:30.720 --> 00:24:31.750 align:start position:0%
of historians are kind and educated for
trying<00:24:31.039><c> to</c>

00:24:31.750 --> 00:24:31.760 align:start position:0%
trying to
 

00:24:31.760 --> 00:24:34.789 align:start position:0%
trying to
to<00:24:32.080><c> change</c><00:24:32.400><c> that</c><00:24:32.799><c> because</c><00:24:33.360><c> certainly</c>

00:24:34.789 --> 00:24:34.799 align:start position:0%
to change that because certainly
 

00:24:34.799 --> 00:24:36.470 align:start position:0%
to change that because certainly
they<00:24:35.120><c> deserve</c>

00:24:36.470 --> 00:24:36.480 align:start position:0%
they deserve
 

00:24:36.480 --> 00:24:39.110 align:start position:0%
they deserve
their<00:24:36.720><c> story</c><00:24:37.039><c> to</c><00:24:37.200><c> be</c><00:24:37.360><c> told</c>

00:24:39.110 --> 00:24:39.120 align:start position:0%
their story to be told
 

00:24:39.120 --> 00:24:40.950 align:start position:0%
their story to be told
well<00:24:39.279><c> thank</c><00:24:39.520><c> you</c><00:24:39.679><c> shannon</c><00:24:40.080><c> also</c><00:24:40.480><c> thanks</c><00:24:40.799><c> to</c>

00:24:40.950 --> 00:24:40.960 align:start position:0%
well thank you shannon also thanks to
 

00:24:40.960 --> 00:24:43.830 align:start position:0%
well thank you shannon also thanks to
the<00:24:41.520><c> military</c><00:24:42.080><c> history</c><00:24:42.400><c> museum</c><00:24:42.880><c> because</c><00:24:43.600><c> you</c>

00:24:43.830 --> 00:24:43.840 align:start position:0%
the military history museum because you
 

00:24:43.840 --> 00:24:46.549 align:start position:0%
the military history museum because you
all<00:24:44.000><c> are</c><00:24:44.080><c> doing</c><00:24:44.320><c> a</c><00:24:44.400><c> great</c><00:24:44.840><c> job</c><00:24:45.760><c> one</c><00:24:46.080><c> exhibit</c><00:24:46.480><c> i</c>

00:24:46.549 --> 00:24:46.559 align:start position:0%
all are doing a great job one exhibit i
 

00:24:46.559 --> 00:24:48.149 align:start position:0%
all are doing a great job one exhibit i
know<00:24:46.720><c> you</c><00:24:46.880><c> all</c><00:24:47.039><c> had</c><00:24:47.360><c> there</c>

00:24:48.149 --> 00:24:48.159 align:start position:0%
know you all had there
 

00:24:48.159 --> 00:24:51.909 align:start position:0%
know you all had there
is<00:24:48.480><c> uh</c><00:24:49.120><c> one</c><00:24:49.440><c> on</c><00:24:49.919><c> one</c><00:24:50.080><c> of</c><00:24:50.320><c> arkansas</c><00:24:50.960><c> uh</c>

00:24:51.909 --> 00:24:51.919 align:start position:0%
is uh one on one of arkansas uh
 

00:24:51.919 --> 00:24:54.630 align:start position:0%
is uh one on one of arkansas uh
uh<00:24:52.559><c> african-american</c><00:24:53.520><c> uh</c><00:24:53.919><c> fighting</c><00:24:54.240><c> pilots</c>

00:24:54.630 --> 00:24:54.640 align:start position:0%
uh african-american uh fighting pilots
 

00:24:54.640 --> 00:24:56.149 align:start position:0%
uh african-american uh fighting pilots
uh<00:24:54.720><c> woodrow</c><00:24:55.120><c> crockett</c><00:24:55.520><c> colonel</c><00:24:55.840><c> richard</c>

00:24:56.149 --> 00:24:56.159 align:start position:0%
uh woodrow crockett colonel richard
 

00:24:56.159 --> 00:24:58.950 align:start position:0%
uh woodrow crockett colonel richard
crockett<00:24:56.960><c> who</c><00:24:57.200><c> i</c><00:24:57.279><c> had</c><00:24:57.440><c> an</c><00:24:57.600><c> opportunity</c><00:24:58.320><c> to</c><00:24:58.720><c> to</c>

00:24:58.950 --> 00:24:58.960 align:start position:0%
crockett who i had an opportunity to to
 

00:24:58.960 --> 00:25:01.990 align:start position:0%
crockett who i had an opportunity to to
meet<00:24:59.279><c> and</c><00:24:59.840><c> know</c><00:25:00.320><c> so</c>

00:25:01.990 --> 00:25:02.000 align:start position:0%
meet and know so
 

00:25:02.000 --> 00:25:04.230 align:start position:0%
meet and know so
great<00:25:02.400><c> great</c><00:25:02.640><c> work</c><00:25:02.880><c> you</c><00:25:03.039><c> all</c><00:25:03.200><c> have</c><00:25:03.279><c> been</c>

00:25:04.230 --> 00:25:04.240 align:start position:0%
great great work you all have been
 

00:25:04.240 --> 00:25:06.950 align:start position:0%
great great work you all have been
exactly<00:25:04.880><c> thank</c><00:25:05.120><c> you</c><00:25:05.279><c> we</c><00:25:05.919><c> we</c><00:25:06.159><c> want</c><00:25:06.320><c> to</c><00:25:06.480><c> tell</c><00:25:06.720><c> the</c>

00:25:06.950 --> 00:25:06.960 align:start position:0%
exactly thank you we we want to tell the
 

00:25:06.960 --> 00:25:09.430 align:start position:0%
exactly thank you we we want to tell the
story<00:25:07.679><c> of</c><00:25:07.919><c> all</c><00:25:08.080><c> of</c><00:25:08.240><c> our</c><00:25:08.480><c> veterans</c><00:25:09.039><c> and</c><00:25:09.120><c> all</c><00:25:09.279><c> of</c>

00:25:09.430 --> 00:25:09.440 align:start position:0%
story of all of our veterans and all of
 

00:25:09.440 --> 00:25:12.549 align:start position:0%
story of all of our veterans and all of
our<00:25:09.600><c> soldiers</c><00:25:10.400><c> and</c><00:25:10.960><c> one</c><00:25:11.120><c> of</c><00:25:11.279><c> our</c><00:25:11.360><c> missions</c>

00:25:12.549 --> 00:25:12.559 align:start position:0%
our soldiers and one of our missions
 

00:25:12.559 --> 00:25:15.430 align:start position:0%
our soldiers and one of our missions
so<00:25:12.799><c> i</c><00:25:12.960><c> thank</c><00:25:13.200><c> you</c><00:25:13.360><c> for</c><00:25:14.080><c> uh</c><00:25:14.400><c> sharing</c><00:25:14.799><c> your</c><00:25:15.039><c> time</c>

00:25:15.430 --> 00:25:15.440 align:start position:0%
so i thank you for uh sharing your time
 

00:25:15.440 --> 00:25:16.630 align:start position:0%
so i thank you for uh sharing your time
with<00:25:15.760><c> us</c>

00:25:16.630 --> 00:25:16.640 align:start position:0%
with us
 

00:25:16.640 --> 00:25:18.630 align:start position:0%
with us
and<00:25:17.279><c> hopefully</c><00:25:17.679><c> we</c><00:25:17.840><c> will</c><00:25:18.000><c> be</c><00:25:18.159><c> seeing</c><00:25:18.400><c> some</c>

00:25:18.630 --> 00:25:18.640 align:start position:0%
and hopefully we will be seeing some
 

00:25:18.640 --> 00:25:21.190 align:start position:0%
and hopefully we will be seeing some
exciting<00:25:19.039><c> projects</c><00:25:19.600><c> from</c><00:25:19.760><c> you</c><00:25:19.919><c> in</c><00:25:20.080><c> the</c><00:25:20.240><c> future</c>

00:25:21.190 --> 00:25:21.200 align:start position:0%
exciting projects from you in the future
 

00:25:21.200 --> 00:25:30.950 align:start position:0%
exciting projects from you in the future
thank<00:25:21.360><c> you</c><00:25:21.600><c> i</c><00:25:21.760><c> truly</c><00:25:22.000><c> appreciate</c><00:25:22.480><c> it</c>

00:25:30.950 --> 00:25:30.960 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:25:30.960 --> 00:25:33.039 align:start position:0%
 
you