Closed captions transcript:

00:00:00
Ballots Tuesday to decide who will face
incumbent Republican Donald Trump in

00:00:04
November's presidential election. Has more
Joe Biden has the momentum but Bernie

00:00:09
Sanders has history going for him in Michigan
he pulled off an upset there 4 years

00:00:14
ago in Detroit Kenneth Mata thinks Bernie
Sanders has what it takes to take on

00:00:19
President Truong I just don't think Joe
can do it I don't think he's basically he

00:00:23
of smuggling psychologically up for the
job Joe Biden has the support of Kenneth

00:00:28
Powell he's a true Democrat and I'm

00:00:31
a true democrat so that's you know that's
cutting stone right there are Franklin

00:00:36
like Bernie Sanders for his stand on the
issues and I want trouble these are the

00:00:41
1st races since the Democratic field was
effectively narrowed to Sanders and Biden

00:00:46
I met Donahue both Sanders and Biden have
canceled their political rallies for

00:00:51
tonight despite the fact that the vote
continues the rallies were canceled because

00:00:54
of coronavirus concerns governors across
the country are scrambling to contain the

00:00:58
corona virus outbreak a.p.

00:01:00
Correspondent Tim McGraw wire has more New
York Governor Andrew Cuomo has ordered

00:01:04
a neighborhood a New Rochelle

00:01:06
a New York City suburb to be kept in
containment for 2 weeks starting Thursday it

00:01:11
is

00:01:11
a dramatic action but it is the largest
cluster in the country and this is

00:01:18
literally

00:01:19
a matter of life and that none of the 108
people in New Rochelle has died 3 schools

00:01:25
and a number of houses of worship will
be closed in the area that covers

00:01:29
a one mile radius President Trump who's
been with people who have been exposed to

00:01:34
others who have contracted the virus was
asked again by reporters if he will be

00:01:39
tested I don't think it's

00:01:40
a big deal I would do it I don't feel that
any reason to McGuire Washington you can

00:01:46
follow the coronavirus story on our website
below News dot com This is the news.

00:01:52
Airlines are slashing flights and
freezing hiring as they experienced

00:01:56
a sharp drop in bookings in the face
of this reading coronavirus a.p.

00:02:00
Correspondent Shelly Adler has that
story Southwest Airlines c.e.o.

00:02:04
Gary Kelly says the outbreak might do
more damage to airlines than the $911.00

00:02:09
attacks Delta Airlines says that travel
demand has fallen so badly in the past week

00:02:14
that it expects one 3rd of seats to be
empty this month on flights within the

00:02:18
country American Airlines announced it will
cut international flying by 10 percent

00:02:23
this summer and reduced u.s.

00:02:25
Flying by 7 and

00:02:26
a half percent in April it is also delayed
training of new pilots and flight

00:02:30
attendants shelling out Washington and the
Wall Street Journal is reporting that

00:02:35
Tokyo eliminate committee executive board
member talk a talk of how she says if

00:02:40
a lympics are not possible this summer the
most realistic option would be to delay

00:02:44
them by one or 2 years again that's
according to The Wall Street Journal Saudi

00:02:48
Arabia's state run giant oil giant Saudi
Aramco says it will increase its crude oil

00:02:54
production to 12300000 barrels a day
in April that's a record amount a.p.

00:03:00
Correspondent Charles to let us know in

00:03:02
a filing made on we had stock market says
the increase in production represents

00:03:08
a rise of 300000 barrels

00:03:10
a day goes decision likely will flock to
global energy markets and put further

00:03:15
pressure on prices the low oil prices come
this list them all for travel but the

00:03:21
spread of the new coronavirus around the
well further depressing prices move seems

00:03:27
to make good on the country's problems
over the weekend to increase output of the

00:03:31
Russian refuse to cooperate on
cutting production that lead to

00:03:35
a 25 percent plunge in the price of crude
on Monday I'm Charles the little the

00:03:40
United Nations human rights chief says
apparently systematic human rights

00:03:44
violations in North Korean detention
centers could amount to crimes against

00:03:48
humanity Michele Bachelet the United
Nations. High Commissioner for Human Rights

00:03:53
made the allegations based on monitoring
of the reclusive communist nation our

00:03:58
money turning in the kids apparently
systematic human rights violations going to

00:04:01
the engine centers in the debian case
including sexual violence against women and

00:04:06
girls these violations appeared to be
taking place under the direct. Ministries

00:04:12
with likely involvement of higher
authorities the rights chief providing

00:04:17
a regular update on North Korea to the
Human Rights Council says the violations

00:04:21
appeared to have taken place under the
direct authority of 2 ministries she did not

00:04:26
attend

00:04:26
a file which ministry she was talking about
battle that's comments included accusations

00:04:31
of kidnapping from other countries North
Korea's delegation did not attend her

00:04:35
speech I'm arisen Melton
You're listening to v.o.a.

00:04:38
News.

00:04:56
I think they did something at that point
that anyone at the spread of covert

00:05:02
19 keeps getting worse it's Wednesday
March 11th and this is real way Asia.

00:06:37
We're already considered
drastic which is that

00:06:39
a few. There will not be any more than
one or the zone 2 in the country it

00:06:46
will be any Italy is

00:06:49
a protected zone. The announcement
made Italy the 1st country to restrict

00:06:55
movement nationwide

00:06:57
a dramatic new clampdown aimed at halting
the rapidly spreading coronavirus in

00:07:02
Europe's worst affected country the
unprecedented restrictions which banned all

00:07:07
public gatherings and require people not
to travel except for work or emergencies

00:07:12
come after an alarming jump in deaths
tied to the highly infectious disease in

00:07:16
Italy with the death toll there
reaching $463.00 more than

00:07:21
a quarter of which were reported in the
past 24 hours Italy has more than $9000.00

00:07:27
confirmed cases of the coronavirus putting
the National Health System under massive

00:07:32
strain weeding that Italy is taking
aggressive Michoud is in Geneva the World

00:07:38
Health Organization's director said on
Monday that the corona virus is now closer

00:07:43
to causing a pandemic not only
doesn't that might as has

00:07:47
a foothold is so many countries the
trade of abundant Meek has become

00:07:54
very. But it would be the
fittest pundit meek in history

00:08:01
that could be controlled in Israel Prime
Minister Benjamin Netanyahu on Monday also

00:08:07
announced more aggressive measures to stop
the spread of the corona virus requiring

00:08:11
all citizens who return from abroad to
self quarantine most of the move. After

00:08:18
a day of complex discussions we made

00:08:20
a decision anyone who arrives in
Israel from abroad will enter

00:08:24
a 14 day isolation Israel had already taken
some of the most extreme precautions to

00:08:29
prevent

00:08:30
a local corona virus outbreak forcing
visitors from many countries in Asia and

00:08:34
Europe and isolation. 'd in
the United States passengers

00:08:41
aboard the Grand Princess cruise ship that
was barred last week from returning to

00:08:45
its home port of San Francisco due to an
outbreak of the virus on board waved and

00:08:50
cheered as the ship docked at the nearby
port of Oakland on Monday while tents and

00:08:55
workers wearing protective clothing waited
for them on shore $21.00 people on the

00:09:00
ship mostly crew tested positive on Friday
for Corona virus in an initial round of

00:09:05
screenings performed on about 45 people
with symptoms the remaining passengers will

00:09:10
be tested and monitored for signs of the
onus once they reach the next unexpected

00:09:15
phase of their voyage 2 weeks at

00:09:17
a quarantine station and we invite you to
read more on our top story by following

00:09:23
us on Facebook via way Asia
and of course the v.o.a.

00:09:27
News dot com website. These are

00:09:33
among the top Asia headlines
you'll find right now on v.o.a.

00:09:36
News dot com min Mar Police
say the Army has filed

00:09:40
a lawsuit against Reuters news agency and

00:09:43
a local filmmaker for criminal defamation
Hillary Clinton says Peace will take hold

00:09:49
in Afghanistan only if it is inclusive
that foreign troop withdrawals must be

00:09:54
conditioned on the Taliban meeting their
obligations to vet and present it in exile

00:09:59
Lobsang Sangay turned to urge the United
Nations human rights chief on Tuesday to

00:10:05
visit Tibet to examine rights violations
in Hindus through colored powder as part

00:10:11
of the holy festival on Tuesday but the
enthusiasm was subdued because of fears of

00:10:17
the new virus read in watch war on v.o.a.
Asia Facebook and Twitter plus v.o.a.

00:10:23
News dot com. V.o.a.

00:10:29
Asia continues I'm Doug
Bernard in Washington after

00:10:32
a market correction last week and massive
selloff on Monday Asian stocks rebounded

00:10:38
on Tuesday u.s.

00:10:40
Exchanges were flabby and mid day trading
and European markets closed down to

00:10:45
understand why Steve Miller spoke to David
Wilcox nonresident senior fellow at the

00:10:51
Peterson Institute for International
Economics I think it'd be

00:10:56
a fool's errand to try to predict where
the stock market will be tomorrow much

00:11:03
less

00:11:03
a month from now but my guess is that we're
in the process of investors coming to

00:11:09
grips with

00:11:10
a clearer perception of the reality of how
serious this situation is you know even

00:11:17
with the market being down considerably
from its peak of roughly 10 days

00:11:24
or it or so ago we're still only about where
we were. At the beginning of last year

00:11:31
or so I think it's. If anything perhaps

00:11:35
a little surprising that the market
hasn't gone down by more in light of the

00:11:42
extraordinary uncertainty that surrounds
the situation people are very fond in

00:11:47
saying the market is not the economy what's
your analysis as to what is the overall

00:11:53
health of the global economy
and how prepared is it for

00:11:57
a long duration of interruption I
mean it's a great question and

00:12:03
a troubling aspect of this situation is
that the familiar plays in the policy

00:12:08
playbook just aren't very
well suited for this kind of

00:12:13
a situation to take one example monetary
policy which is oftentimes the sort of

00:12:20
1st resort in a time of
economic weakness operates with

00:12:25
a pretty lengthy lag 4 to 6 to 8 quarters
is the typical estimate and we just don't

00:12:32
have that kind of time fiscal
policy can oftentimes operate

00:12:39
much more quickly but the kinds of
conventional physical policy moves.

00:12:46
Are not well suited for this kind of

00:12:50
a situation where. The initial impact is
going to be so disparate across different

00:12:56
segments of the population just to take
one quick example they're going to be

00:13:00
a lot of workers who don't have access
to paid sick leave and so designing

00:13:07
a response that's customized and
tailored to meet that kind of

00:13:12
a situation is going to be a critically
important challenge if we take

00:13:15
a look just at the u.s.

00:13:16
Economy because it is the world's largest
You see that 10 year yield the inverse

00:13:22
curve there how important is it for the
long term effects of keeping the American

00:13:28
economy going. You know how long can it
stay inverted before needs to turn around

00:13:33
well the fact that the 10 year yield is
so low is absolutely critically important

00:13:37
in one respect that is
that is it's and it's

00:13:41
a great metric for showing just how little
policy space the Federal Reserve has to

00:13:47
boost the economy by dropping interest
rates there just isn't all lot of room at

00:13:52
the moment we're definitely flashing at
least the amber at this point in terms of

00:13:57
the scope for the Fed which as I say is
usually sort of the macroeconomic 1st

00:14:03
responder in situations like this that's
going to have very limited scope for

00:14:08
action David Wilcox is

00:14:11
a nonresident senior fellow at the Peterson
Institute for International Economics.

00:14:20
Happening now in Asia Afghanistan's president
elect Ashraf Ghani and his election

00:14:26
rival. Took part in parallel swearing
in ceremonies Monday feeling

00:14:32
political tensions and posing
a fresh challenge u.s.

00:14:37
Led efforts say up to date with
v.o.a. You're listening to v.o.a.

00:14:41
. And we're happy

00:14:48
you're with us on v.o.a.

00:14:50
Asia when the new coronavirus was
discovered at least publicly in January the

00:14:55
Chinese government took what many believe
were draconian measures sealing off an

00:15:00
entire city of Han in the past week Italy
has quarantined an entire section of its

00:15:06
country due to the virus if or when the
corona virus situation worsens in the

00:15:12
United States one expert
says there could be

00:15:15
a giant legal mess that's what Polly
Price professor of both law and Global

00:15:21
Health at Emory University in Atlanta wrote
in Atlantic magazine Professor Price

00:15:27
spoke with v.o.a.

00:15:28
Ages I remember men via Skype. The
problems really have to do with

00:15:34
federal and state government cooperation
we've never had at least in the last 100

00:15:40
years we've never had the need for
large scale federal quarantine and

00:15:48
the corn Tina Florida traditionally is in
state and local governments and so what

00:15:54
we've seen so far just in terms
of some legal conflict is.

00:16:01
Is disagreement about where persons who are
being repatriated from overseas should

00:16:07
be held in quarantine
Normally that would be

00:16:09
a state and local government function yet
the federal government is in charge at

00:16:16
the borders and it points of entry so it's
something that's really being worked out

00:16:22
more along the lines of cooperation then
then by any pattern that we've seen before

00:16:28
or by any precedent that we've seen before
is there active or any active measures

00:16:35
trying through to deal with this is there
talk with where the federal government

00:16:39
the and the localities and states is that
going on now I'm sure that it is because

00:16:45
they have to have permission from each
state health department before moving

00:16:52
patients who may need to be quarantined and
so I think they have they've relied for

00:17:00
decades on this cooperation
between the c.d.c.

00:17:04
And state and local health departments but
we've never needed it quite this scale

00:17:09
so so I'm certain that these negotiations
are going on and let me give you an

00:17:13
example so the cruise ship that is just
off the California coast took some

00:17:20
delicate negotiations about
where the people who are not.

00:18:55
Helpful or would be used in in
a way that would prevent an

00:19:00
a travel say from one state into another
Polly Price is professor of law and Global

00:19:07
Health at Emory University. Asia

00:19:14
is on Twitter following v.o.a.

00:19:17
Asia for developing stories in Asia perhaps
close to you our Twitter feed also has

00:19:23
updates on programs you can hear and see
with links to easily find them v.o.a.

00:19:29
Asia Twitter we're always on line for you.

00:19:43
This news alert from v.o.a.

00:19:44
Asia the death toll from the collapse of
a hotel in southeastern China serving as

00:19:49
a quarantine facility has doubled to 20
police 71 people were believed to be inside

00:19:56
the building in one room at least 61 people
have been rescued from the rubble this

00:20:01
is

00:20:02
a feeling. I'm

00:20:13
going on. Hundreds of billions of dollars
were wiped from financial markets oil

00:20:19
prices crashed in Italy extended its emergency
coronavirus measures that the entire

00:20:24
country as the deadly new coronavirus
disrupt the economies and societies across

00:20:29
the world the i.m.f.

00:20:31
Called on governments to deploy substantial
stimulus and international coordination

00:20:36
to counteract the economic impact of an
epidemic that has spread to more than

00:20:40
$100.00 countries since it erupted in
December and will hunt China the World Health

00:20:45
Organization warned the threat of

00:20:47
a coronavirus pandemic is now very
real but said the virus could still be

00:20:52
controlled tens of millions of people
learn. Now involved in teen worldwide but

00:20:57
there are fears that the disease will spread
further and for several economies into

00:21:02
recession trading all the street was
temporarily halted early Monday as u.s.

00:21:06
Stocks joined our global rout on crushing
all gold prices and mounting worries over

00:21:11
their coronavirus Brazil's Appollo exchange
in suspended trading briefly after

00:21:16
a 10 percent plunge in Paris the CAC 40
index lost over 8 percent its worst daily

00:21:23
drop since the 2008 financial crisis while
the Dax blue chip index in Frankfurt saw

00:21:29
it sharpest single fall since 2001 and
millions of people have seen daily life this

00:21:34
rapid by school closures with those announced
Monday in Greece and Spain as well as

00:21:39
runs on basic household goods in trouble
restructure chairs in India's Yes Bank

00:21:45
plunged last Friday out of

00:21:47
a central bank seized control and imposed
withdrawing limits to prevent the

00:21:51
collapse of the country's board largest
lender the move by the Reserve Bank of

00:21:55
India sparked

00:21:56
a sell off across the troubled banking
sector and sent the rupee falling to its

00:22:01
weakest levels since 28 t.v.

00:22:03
People queued outside Yes bank branches
after the announcement that customers can

00:22:08
only withdraw 50000 rupees over the next
30 days while the Reserve Bank of India

00:22:13
tries to put together

00:22:15
a rescue that means some good
inside. Education fees and

00:22:21
pain is that of any. Oh definitely I've
been reading about it but it was added to

00:22:27
liquidity concerns about India's but
then Szell's says that more than

00:22:30
a year after the near collapse of l m f s
one of the nation's biggest shadow banks

00:22:36
by the hands House is responsible
for significant consumer lending

00:22:40
a resulting reluctance of banks to lend
money has exacerbated the woes of Asia's

00:22:45
3rd biggest economy with growth slowing for
72 thank you to quarters before picking

00:22:50
up with a meager 4.7 percent expansion
in the final 3 months. 29 p.

00:22:56
The Reserve Bank of India put the blame on
serious governance issues and practices

00:23:01
this leap years but said there was no need
to panic for business scene I'm Ira now

00:23:06
. Now on v.o.a.

00:23:11
Asia in 2016 the state of Michigan gave
Senator Bernie Sanders one of the most

00:23:16
surprising primary wins in u.s.

00:23:18
Political history in 2020 the self described
democratic socialist will need another

00:23:25
boost from Michigan who are vive his campaign
to secure the Democratic presidential

00:23:30
nomination over his lone remaining major
rival former Vice President Joe Biden

00:23:36
fairways Jim Malone reports. Former
Vice President Joe Biden campaigning in

00:23:43
Mississippi looking to expand his
lead in the Democratic race on t.v.

00:23:48
. And

00:23:51
a movie part of the back page for
most of this because the feet up

00:23:58
and sure the soul of this nation. Biden
has picked up the endorsement of 2

00:24:05
former rivals New Jersey Senator Cory
Booker and California Senator. I believe

00:24:12
they got the right to send this Biden's
main remaining rival Come on Senator Bernie

00:24:17
Sanders town did the endorsement of
civil rights leader Jesse Jackson as he

00:24:22
campaigned in Michigan so brothers and
sisters let us go forward let's went on to

00:24:29
say let's win the Democratic nomination
let's the feed trough let's transform this

00:24:34
country thank you all very much Sanders
also continues to complain that the

00:24:40
Democratic establishment has united to stop
in the park and which is what the media

00:24:45
is preoccupied with how can we stop Bernie
Sanders we've got to stop the corrupt

00:24:50
virus and we've got to
stop burning some of what

00:24:52
a terrible thing. Says. Are you listening
Biden's dramatic turnaround in the

00:24:58
Democratic race last week in the Super
Tuesday primaries also caught the attention

00:25:04
of President Donald Trump I was all set up
Bernie I was ready to go then I say you

00:25:09
know I don't think I'm running against
Bernie I think it's going to be very hard

00:25:12
for him to come back by the 110 of the 14
contests last week on Super Tuesday and

00:25:19
totally reframed the Democratic race says
Larry saboteur I like to say that Biden

00:25:25
was given the last rites and now he's
Lazarus because he has arisen from the dead

00:25:32
he has managed to surprise everybody
and win out on the primaries by

00:25:38
a landslide proportions in most cases Biden
success drove to weather rivals from

00:25:43
the race former New York City Mayor Michael
Bloomberg and Massachusetts Senator

00:25:48
Elizabeth Warren which candidate can defeat
Donald Trump Sander's best chance to

00:25:54
regain momentum may come Tuesday in the
Michigan primary says Jim Kessler if Bernie

00:26:00
doesn't score big victory in Michigan you're
really starting to see the and of the

00:26:04
possibility of this kind of to say and
then I think they'll be some unifying then

00:26:09
in addition to Michigan Idaho Mississippi
Missouri and Washington State hold

00:26:14
primaries on Tuesday and
North Dakota will hold

00:26:18
a Democratic caucus Jim Malone v.o.a.

00:26:21
News Washington finally Senator Elizabeth
Warren's exit from the Democratic Party's

00:26:27
nomination race last week left many in
the United States disappointed that the

00:26:32
presidency seems to be out of reach for

00:26:35
a woman for us Brian Padden reports
that Warren was the last viable female

00:26:41
candidate in

00:26:42
a historic field of 6 Democratic women
contenders and her departure reinforces

00:26:47
concerns that gender bias still remains

00:26:50
a major obstacle for women in America while
campaigning said. Her Elizabeth Warren

00:26:56
made

00:26:56
a point of telling young girls I'm running
for president because that's what girls

00:27:01
do and ending her presidential bid Warren
lamented that these little girls will

00:27:07
have to wait another 4 years before another
woman runs for the presidency adding

00:27:13
There's

00:27:13
a contradiction and confronting gender
bias if you say you know there was sexism

00:27:20
in this race everyone says Weiner. And
if you say no there was no sexism

00:27:27
about a bazillion women thing
what would it do to little Warren

00:27:31
a progressive was the last
viable female candidate in

00:27:35
a diverse Democratic field of contenders
that once included 6 women only

00:27:40
congresswoman Tracey Gabbert of Hawaii
remains but is running far behind former

00:27:44
Vice President Joe Biden and Senator
Bernie Sanders the 2020 u.s.

00:27:49
Presidential race has now come down to 3
white men in their seventy's with Biden

00:27:54
and Sanders vying for the Democratic
nomination to face off against Republican

00:27:59
president Donald Trump is to the United
States of America after Hillary Clinton the

00:28:04
1st woman to run for president as the
major party nominee lost to trump in 2016

00:28:11
polls have shown Democratic
voters are reluctant to support

00:28:13
a female candidate this
time around there was

00:28:16
a sense that sort of tradition should
prevail and that one needed you know

00:28:23
a white man who was over
7 day to go up against

00:28:26
a white man who was over 70 Clinton recently
acknowledged that gender bias remains

00:28:31
an obstacle that there still is a
double standard there are still

00:28:35
a lot of you know bias sees about
women becoming president but I made

00:28:40
a lot of progress and I was thrilled that
so many women ran this time. You know

00:28:45
presidential candidates continue to face
criticisms over whether they are too

00:28:49
emotional or not likable for teachers that
are really used against me or candidates

00:28:54
. And there is still a perception
among many that the presidency is

00:28:58
a man's job we think of leadership and
particularly presidential leadership in

00:29:03
a certain way and women don't fit into
that yet while Warren and the other female

00:29:09
candidates did not break through the
proverbial electoral glass ceiling this year

00:29:14
advocates for women hope their
campaigns will make it possible for

00:29:18
a woman to someday win the presidency Brian
Patton be doing in Russia. And that is

00:29:24
v.o.a.

00:29:25
Asia for today thank you so much for joining
us on this very busy news day we'll be

00:29:30
back again with you tomorrow we hope you'll
join us as well then and until then be

00:29:35
well.

00:29:46
Again. Welcome

00:29:53
to learning English

00:29:55
a daily 30 minute program from the Voice
of America I'm Jonathan Evans and I'm

00:30:02
Ashley Thompson this program is aimed
at English learners so we speak

00:30:08
a little slower and we use words and phrases
especially written for people learning

00:30:14
English. Today on the

00:30:21
program you will hear from Brian land and
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00:30:28
our American history series The Making of

00:30:31
a nation but 1st here
is Brian Lamb. Chinese

00:30:38
researchers have developed

00:30:40
a robot designed to help doctors
treat the new coronavirus and other

00:30:47
highly contagious
diseases. The machine has

00:30:52
a long robotic arm attached to

00:30:55
a base with wheels it can perform
some of the same medical examination

00:31:02
tasks as doctors for example
the device can perform

00:31:08
ultrasounds collect fluid samples from

00:31:12
a person's mouth and
listen to sounds made by

00:31:16
a patient's organs cameras
record the robot's activities

00:31:23
which are controlled remotely so doctors
can avoid coming in close contact with

00:31:30
infected patients doctors and
other medical workers can

00:31:36
operate the machine from

00:31:38
a nearby room or from much
farther away the robot's main

00:31:44
designer is junk. And
engineer and professor at

00:31:51
China's University in Beijing
he told Reuters News

00:31:58
Agency that he got the idea for the device
around the time of the lunar new year

00:32:05
in January at the time the
number of cases of the 19

00:32:11
virus was rising quickly in the city of.

00:32:18
19 is the disease caused by
the new coronavirus Jong

00:32:24
said

00:32:25
a friend of his is the head
of Beijing's. Hospital he

00:32:32
said his friend told him that one of the
biggest problems in dealing with 19

00:32:39
was that health care workers treating
patients were getting infected themselves.

00:32:46
Said he wanted to do something
to help this situation. So the

00:32:53
engineer gathered

00:32:54
a team and went to work on the
robotic device Junge said the team

00:33:01
was able to convert 2 robotic
arms the devices use the same

00:33:07
technology that is used for space
equipment including moon explorers

00:33:15
the new robot is almost completely
automated Junge said it can even

00:33:21
disinfect itself after performing
actions involving patient contact

00:33:28
doctors are all very brave young
told Reuters but this virus is

00:33:35
just too contagious we can use
robots to perform the most dangerous

00:33:41
tasks however Jong said he had heard
from some doctors that it would be

00:33:48
better not to build such robots
to be fully automatic This is

00:33:55
because many patients still desire

00:33:58
a personal presence to help calm them
during treatment the team currently

00:34:05
has 2 robots and both have been tested
by doctors at hospitals in Beijing

00:34:13
one machine was taken to Union Hospital
where doctors there were being trained

00:34:20
to use it the plan is to use the
robot to help treat coronavirus

00:34:27
patients along with assistance from
nurses and other hospital workers.

00:34:35
Would like to build more of the robots but
said money from the university has run

00:34:41
out each robot to costs
about $72000.00 to make

00:34:49
he said he does not plan to
commercialize the design but hopes that

00:34:53
a company can begin that process.
China has sent tens of thousands of

00:35:00
medical workers to areas around Holland
where the virus 1st spread widely

00:35:08
more than 3000 workers
had become infected with

00:35:12
a covert 1000 virus by late
last month one of them was Dr

00:35:19
Lee when Jiang in Han who died
of the virus in early February

00:35:26
police had accused Lee of spreading false
information after he voiced concern in

00:35:33
December about the fast spreading
sickness his death led to public

00:35:39
sadness and anger at officials
over how he had been treated I

00:35:46
am Brian Lamb.

00:36:06
NASA says newest Mars rover
is one step closer to being

00:36:12
ready to launch next summer it now has

00:36:17
a name. The Americans face agency
announced recently that it had

00:36:24
named the 6 wheeled robotic
Explorer perseverance

00:36:31
the rover which weighs
about 1043 kilograms

00:36:38
will take off for the red planet
in July its job is to collect

00:36:45
samples from Mars for
eventual return to Earth

00:36:52
part of its mission is to look 1st
signs of past microbial life.

00:37:00
It will also study the
planet's climate and geology

00:37:06
perseverance is currently going through
final building steps and inspection

00:37:13
at Nasa's Kennedy Space Center
in Florida it is targeted to

00:37:19
land at Mars's Jesser 0 crater

00:37:24
a little after 3 40 pm
Eastern Standard Time on

00:37:30
Feb 18th 2021 Miriam Webster

00:37:37
Learner's Dictionary defines
perseverance as the quality that allows

00:37:43
someone to continue to do something
even though it is difficult

00:37:50
the name was suggested by 13
year old Alexander Mather

00:37:58
he took part in the naming contest for
American schoolchildren NASA announced the

00:38:05
name last Thursday at the boys'
school in Bourke for Ginia Mather

00:38:12
said humans are explorers and
we will meet many setbacks

00:38:19
or problems on the way
to Mars however we can

00:38:25
persevere he wrote we not as

00:38:29
a nation but as humans will not
give up the human race will

00:38:36
always persevere into the
future Nasa's associate

00:38:42
administrator for science missions
Thomas deserve bukan said that the space

00:38:48
agency's Curiosity rover has
been exploring Mars since 2012.

00:38:56
Curiosity continues to send
data and pictures back to Earth

00:39:04
the qualities of perseverance
and curiosity together are what

00:39:10
exploration is all about Zora bukan said

00:39:16
a plate with the name perseverance was
attached to the Rover on March 4th

00:39:24
it serves to block the rover from
rocks and debris and protect cables

00:39:32
Mather got the idea for his name from
the other rovers that came before it

00:39:40
they have names like
curiosity insight Spirit and

00:39:46
Opportunity if you think about
it all of these names of past

00:39:52
Mars rovers are qualities we
possess as humans he wrote

00:39:59
but if rovers are to be
the qualities of us as

00:40:04
a race we missed the most
important thing perseverance.

00:40:12
This rover is the latest in

00:40:14
a line of red planet robotic
explorers to be named by

00:40:21
school aged children beginning
with sojourner in 1997

00:40:28
each one was chosen after
a nationwide contest I'm

00:40:34
a on ball.

00:40:54
A new study suggests that healthy
adults who get at least 8

00:41:01
hours of sleep

00:41:02
a night may be less likely to
experience common exercise

00:41:09
related injuries the study was
based on information from

00:41:15
over 7500 u.s.

00:41:19
Soldiers in the Army's Special
Operations Forces about

00:41:26
95 percent of the study subjects
were men the researchers found that

00:41:33
soldiers who got no more
than 4 to 5 hours of sleep

00:41:38
a night were over 2 times
as likely to report bone or

00:41:44
muscle injury in the last year than
those who slept 8 hours or longer

00:41:52
Tyson Greer is with the u.s.

00:41:55
Army Public Health Center in Maryland
he was one of the writers of the

00:42:02
study. He said that getting enough
sleep not only improves physical

00:42:09
performance among active
people but it may also have

00:42:14
a positive impact on musculoskeletal
injury prevention during the

00:42:21
year long study more than half of the
soldiers said they had experienced at least

00:42:28
one musculoskeletal injury
most study subjects about

00:42:35
63 percent reported to getting
6 to 7 hours of sleep

00:42:40
a night about 10 percent reported
getting no more than 4 hours

00:42:48
only 16 percent got 8
hours or more compared to

00:42:54
those who reported 8 hours of sleep or
more each night soldiers who slept 7

00:43:01
hours were 24 percent
more likely to experience

00:43:06
a musculoskeletal injury the risk
climbed as the hours of sleep

00:43:13
dropped with

00:43:15
a 53 percent greater injury
risk at 6 hours of sleep at

00:43:22
5 hours of sleep the risk of injury
was 2 times greater in the Army

00:43:28
2 thirds of injuries are from
musculoskeletal over use most are caused by

00:43:35
physical training or repetitive activities
the research team wrote in the study

00:43:43
about 42 percent of Army soldiers report
an average of 5 hours of sleep or

00:43:49
less each night the study notes that
making sure soldiers get enough

00:43:56
rest could be

00:43:58
a way to reduce injury risk.
One limitation of the study is

00:44:04
that researchers depended on soldiers
reporting how long they slept each night

00:44:11
and additional research would be needed
to test whether increasing sleep time

00:44:17
really reduces injuries Dr Ho ho

00:44:22
a wall is with the University of
California San Francisco he was not

00:44:28
involved in the study he said that getting
too little sleep leads to decreased

00:44:35
attention and mental energy which can
lead to people being more likely to get

00:44:42
hurt long added that sleep loss
causes cell damage and multiple

00:44:48
organs getting extra sleep might help
reverse the cell damage over time

00:44:57
most people are healthiest and perform
their best with 7 to 9 hours of sleep

00:45:03
a night said Captain Jeffrey Osgood
he is with the Walter Reed Army

00:45:10
Institute of Research in Maryland
he was not involved in the study is

00:45:17
good offered suggestions for how people
can get more and better quality sleep

00:45:24
he advises the following try to avoid
caffeine nicotine and exercise in the

00:45:31
hours leading up to sleep
avoid using alcohol as

00:45:36
a sleep aid don't go to bed hungry
try to keep your bedroom dark and

00:45:42
quiet use sleep masks and
or earplugs if needed and

00:45:49
keep your smartphone slash
devices out of that.

00:46:05
Welcome to the making of

00:46:07
a nation American history the in
the 08 special linkage I'm Steve

00:46:13
Emperor Germany's attack on Poland and
the start of World War 2 when Europe

00:46:20
presented the problem for Americans in
September of 1939 the United States

00:46:27
by law was neutral and few Americans had
any desire to fight in another world

00:46:33
war but most Americans did not like
Germany is Nazi leader at all fair play

00:46:40
they hoped for victory for Britain France
and the other Allied Powers President

00:46:47
Franklin Delano Roosevelt
made this clear in

00:46:50
a radio broadcast to Americans soon after
the war began well meaning masses of up

00:46:57
people seek to be. Peace at
home and the kind of peace in

00:47:04
other lands which will not judge
but I owe it to be at home.

00:47:11
We have certainly I fear and
certain ideals of national safety

00:47:17
and we must act to preserve that state
today and to preserve the safety of our

00:47:24
children in Putra year that
safety is and will be bound

00:47:31
up with the safety of the Western Hemisphere
and of the Seas and Jason and their.

00:47:39
We seek to keep war. By keeping the war

00:47:46
from coming to the America he praised the
British and other allies finally the

00:47:53
president called on Congress to change the
Neutrality laws that prevented him from

00:47:58
sending arms to the allies to help them
fight Germany Congress agreed to change the

00:48:05
laws so foreign nations could
buy American arms. In the

00:48:12
months that followed Hitler and his allies
claimed one victory after another German

00:48:19
then Soviet troops captured polled and
quickly and September of 1939 then

00:48:26
Soviet forces invaded the small Baltic
nations of Latvia Estonia and Lithuania

00:48:33
in late November they attacked Finland
fighting between Finland and the Soviet

00:48:39
Union continued through the winter until
Finland accepted Russia's demands.

00:48:46
Fighting Group even more fierce the following
spring in 1940 Germany attack Denmark

00:48:53
and Norway that feeding them easily in May
The German forces struck like lightning

00:49:00
through Belgium and Holland within one day
they were in France British and French

00:49:06
forces were unable to stop the Germans from
moving deeper into northern France the

00:49:12
British finally had to flee from the European
continent they sailed back to Britain

00:49:18
from the French town of Dunkirk.
German soldiers marched through

00:49:24
France and the Taliban forces joined them
by invading France from the south soon

00:49:31
Paris failed.

00:49:51
If you didn't have wondered if you couldn't
compete yet even as I'm not running I'm

00:49:57
These are German news real narrators
describing German troops entering the palace

00:50:03
at the fall of the French government and
the president only. Mashup if there was

00:50:10
a German supporter Marshall better than
took control of the French government and

00:50:16
France beaten and crushed
was forced to sign

00:50:19
a peace treaty with Hitler now it was just
Britain alone make against Hitler and

00:50:25
his axis allies only the English Channel
separated the British people from

00:50:32
a German army that seemed unbeatable British
Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain was

00:50:39
forced to resign the
British people turned to

00:50:42
a new leader Winston Churchill
I think you. And Prime in.

00:50:50
Any. Country about him.

00:50:58
And above all. At the end
raging in France and long

00:51:05
gone. By remarkable company I was.

00:51:12
Really on my. Friend
you can see. You know.

00:51:20
And. Then. I read something.

00:51:30
They have anything to. Break the
law and. Church old would prove

00:51:37
to be strong and brave in
the long months ahead.

00:51:46
The British would need strong
leadership. Hitler wasted no time in

00:51:53
launching

00:51:53
a fierce air attack on Britain throughout
the summer German and British planes font

00:52:00
above the English Channel. All of this
military action had an important effect on

00:52:06
American popular opinion war and neutrality
were no longer just tied the years to

00:52:13
be discussed then debated now they were
real concerns real events fashion's

00:52:20
troops led by

00:52:21
a dictator in Berlin where defeating one
friendly democracy after another and

00:52:28
Soviet forces were on the March to
most Americans still wanted neutrality

00:52:35
but how long could America remain at
peace and was peace worth the cost of

00:52:42
just sitting by and watching friends
like France and Britain being bombed and

00:52:48
invaded other issues melted away as
Americans began to consider what to

00:52:55
do about the darkening world
situation some Americans led by

00:53:01
a newspaper publisher William Allen White
called for the United States to help

00:53:07
Britain immediately but other groups like
the America 1st Committee that mandate

00:53:14
that the United States stay out of
another bloody European conflict. The

00:53:20
struggle between those who wanted to help
Britain and those who wanted to remain

00:53:25
neutral did not follow traditional party
lines some of the strongest supporters of

00:53:32
Roosevelt's foreign policies were Republicans
some members of his own Democratic

00:53:39
Party opposed his policies even so
foreign policy was one of the main

00:53:46
issue is in the presidential election
campaign of 1940 but Democrats once again

00:53:52
nominated Franklin Roosevelt for president.
The Republicans had several popular

00:53:59
candidates who were interested in campaigning
against Roosevelt at 1st it seemed

00:54:05
that these candidates
would fight it out in

00:54:08
a bitter nominating convention in
Philadelphia but to everyone's surprise

00:54:14
a little known candidate named
Wendell Willkie suddenly gained

00:54:19
a great deal of support and won the
nomination the inevitable defense. Dollar

00:54:27
or no never probably been tried. For

00:54:31
a year you know that people. Are planted
in America were really ridiculous that

00:54:37
were

00:54:37
a lot of light hearted around when you
were not in your. Garden with little

00:54:44
right to say. When he was a
tough candidate he was friendly

00:54:50
a good businessman and a
strong speaker he seemed

00:54:54
a mist and he seemed to understand
foreign policy most importantly Willkie

00:55:01
had

00:55:01
a progressive record on many social issues he
was not the kind of traditional conservative

00:55:08
Republican but Roosevelt had defeated
so easily in his 1st 2 campaigns

00:55:15
instead Wilkie could claim to represent
the average American just as well as

00:55:21
Roosevelt and he offered the excitement of

00:55:24
a change in leadership. While

00:55:33
Roosevelt and Willkie began their campaign
battles with words German and British

00:55:38
planes were fighting real battles with
bullets over the English Channel Winston

00:55:45
Churchill sent

00:55:46
a desperate message to Roosevelt but British
Prime Minister said Britain could not

00:55:52
fight alone much longer it needed the help
immediately Roosevelt did not want to

00:55:58
take steps toward war just before an
election but neither could he refuse such an

00:56:05
urgent appeal from the British leader.
Roosevelt and Willkie discussed the

00:56:10
situation will he agreed not to criticize
Roosevelt when the president sent 50

00:56:17
ships to the British Navy he also supported
Roosevelt's order for American young

00:56:24
men to give their names to Army officials
so they could be called up if fighting

00:56:30
began in this way Roosevelt and Willkie
tried to keep America's growing

00:56:36
involvement in the war from becoming

00:56:39
a major political issue in the election
President Roosevelt won the election of

00:56:45
1940 he won 27000000 votes
to 22000000 for Wilkie

00:56:53
this made Roosevelt the 1st then the only
president in American history to win

00:56:59
a 3rd term in the White House but
constitution was later changed to limit

00:57:04
presidents to 2 terms. Soon after
the election President Roosevelt

00:57:11
received

00:57:11
a letter from Winston Churchill the
British prime minister wrote that Britain

00:57:16
urgently needed more arms and planes
to fight Germany Roosevelt agreed he

00:57:23
went to the Congress to plead for more
aid to Britain he said the United States

00:57:29
should change its neutral policy
because Britain was fighting

00:57:34
a common enemy of democracy Roosevelt
also said the United States could

00:57:40
avoid war if Britain was strong
enough to defeat Germany by itself.

00:57:47
Congress agreed after

00:57:49
a fierce debate to increase aid to
Britain and in the weeks and months that

00:57:55
followed the United States moved closer
and closer to open war with Germany in

00:58:02
March of 1941 Roosevelt allowed British
ships to come to American ports to be

00:58:09
repaired in June the United States
seized ships under German control

00:58:16
it also took over German and the
tally and funds in American banks.

00:58:26
Open fighting could not be prevented with
this increase in tensions between Germany

00:58:32
and the United States in September 1941

00:58:36
a German submarine fired at an American
ship the ship was not damaged but

00:58:42
a number of American troops
were killed in other

00:58:45
a naval incidents that followed. By

00:59:00
the end of 1941 the United States and
Germany were almost at war even so

00:59:07
most Americans continued to hope for peace
in fact fewer Americans could guess that

00:59:14
war was just days away the 1st blow
would come not from Germany however

00:59:21
but from Japan. And that's
our program for today

00:59:28
listen again tomorrow to learn English 3
stories from around the world I'm Jonathan

00:59:35
Evans and I'm Ashley Thompson.

00:59:51
This is the news I'm risen
Melton Voters in 6 u.s.

00:59:55
States are casting ballots today for
former Vice President Joe Biden or Senator

00:59:59
Bernie Sanders in the race for the
Democratic Party's presidential nomination

01:00:03
a piece Jackie Quinn has more Michigan
has the biggest delegate prize of the 6

01:00:08
contests

01:00:09
a state that Bernie Sanders one in 2016
now crucial to his campaign going forward

01:00:15
former Vice President Joe Biden campaigning
in Detroit you were overheard and

01:00:19
there's a good crowd argued a bit
more while Sanders took part in

01:00:23
a forum on managing the new coronavirus
criticizing President Trump for

01:00:27
contradicting his own task force
when you have a president as

01:00:31
a pathological liar that's one thing when
you got to deal with politically it's

01:00:34
another thing when you've got to
deal with that with in the midst of

01:00:36
a health care crisis both Biden and Sanders
claim they can generate the most voters

01:00:41
support to win back the White House in
November Congresswoman Tulsi Gabbert also

01:00:46
remains in the race I'm Jackie Quinn Chinese
President Xi Jinping traveled Tuesday

01:00:52
to the city of Will han it was the epicenter
of the corona virus outbreak Reuters

01:00:56
Lucy Field has more field or has more
President Xi Jinping visited it epicenter on

01:01:02
cheese day for the 1st time since the
outbreak began key visiting those who were on

01:01:08
the frontline health workers soldiers
police and volunteers somebody.

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